Dynamic Covalent Sulfur-Selenium Rich Polymers via Inverse Vulcanization for High Refractive Index, High Transmittance, and UV Shielding Materials.

Recent advancements in inverse vulcanization have led to the development of sulfur-rich polymers with diverse applications. However, progress is constrained by the harsh high-temperature reaction conditions, limited applicability, and the generation of hazardous HS gas. This study presents an induced IV method utilizing selenium octanoic acid, yielding sulfur-selenium rich polymers with full atom economy, even at a low-temperatures of 100-120 °C.

Xanthium-Inspired Microsphere Morphology Depends on the Dual Self-Assembly Behavior of Macromolecules.

The self-assembly of macromolecular segments promotes the fabrication of polymer microspheres with multiple morphologies. Inspired by the xanthium shells, A dual-driven self-assembly method have defined that enables the construction of multi-dimensional morphologies on the microsphere surface at emulsion-confined interfaces. The two driving forces are derived from the phase separation caused by the immiscibility of macromolecular segments and the different interactions between chain segments of different hydrophilicity and water molecules.

A High-Efficiency Autocatalysis-Oriented Cascade Circuit via Reciprocal Hug-Amplification for Assay-to-Treat Application.

Developing a DNA autocatalysis-oriented cascade circuit (AOCC) via reciprocal navigation of two enzyme-free hug-amplifiers might be desirable for constructing a rapid, efficient, and sensitive assay-to-treat platform. In response to a specific trigger (), seven functional DNA hairpins were designed to execute three-branched assembly (TBA) and three isotropic hybridization chain reaction (3HCR) events for operating the AOCC. This was because three new inducers were reconstructed in TBA arms to initiate 3HCR (TBA-to-3HCR) and periodic repeats were resultantly reassembled in the tandem nicks of polymeric nanowires to rapidly activate TBA in the opposite direction (3HCR-to-TBA) without steric hindrance, thereby cooperatively manipulating sustainable AOCC progress for exponential hug-amplification (1:3).

Modulation of RuO Nanocrystals with Facile Annealing Method for Enhancing the Electrocatalytic Activity on Overall Water Splitting in Acid Solution.

RuO-based materials are considered an important kind of electrocatalysts on oxygen evolution reaction and water electrolysis, but the reported discrepancies of activities exist among RuO electrocatalysts prepared via different processes. Herein, a highly efficient RuO catalysts via a facile hydrolysis-annealing approach is reported for water electrolysis. The RuO catalyst dealt with at 200 °C (RuO-200) performs the highest activities on both oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acid with overpotentials of 200 mV for OER and 66 mV for HER to reach a current density of 100 mA cm as well as stable operation for100 h.

Overexpression of the Vitis amurensis Ca-binding protein gene VamCP1 in Arabidopsis thaliana and grapevine improves cold tolerance.

Calcium ions (Ca) are important second messengers and are known to participate in cold signal transduction. In the current study, we characterized a Ca-binding protein gene, VamCP1, from the extremely cold-tolerant grape species Vitis amurensis. VamCP1 expression varied among organs but was highest in leaves following cold treatment, peaking 24 h after treatment onset.

"Three-in-one" Analysis of Proteinuria for Disease Diagnosis through Multifunctional Nanoparticles and Machine Learning.

Urinalysis is one of the predominant tools for clinical testing owing to the abundant composition, sufficient volume, and non-invasive acquisition of urine. As a critical component of routine urinalysis, urine protein testing measures the levels and types of proteins, enabling the early diagnosis of diseases. Traditional methods require three separate steps including strip testing, protein/creatinine ratio measurement, and electrophoresis respectively to achieve qualitative, quantitative, and classification analyses of proteins in urine with long time and cumbersome operations.

Photoinduced Cobaloxime-Catalyzed Regio- and Diastereoselective Hydrogen-Evolution C(sp)-H Phosphorylation of Bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes.

Radical-initiated functionalization of bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes (BCBs) is a straightforward approach to accessing diverse cyclobutane derivatives.

COL1A1, COL1A2, CHN1, and FN1 Promote Tumorogenesis and Act as Markers of Diagnosis and Survival in Gastric Cancer Patients.

Objectives: This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the molecular landscape of gastric cancer (GC) by integrating various bioinformatics tools and experimental validations.

Methodology: GSE79973 dataset, limma package, STRING, UALCAN, GEPIA, OncoDB, cBioPortal, DAVID, TISIDB, Gene Set Cancer Analysis (GSCA), tissue samples, RT-qPCR, and cell proliferation assay were employed in this study.

Results: Analysis of the GSE79973 dataset identified 300 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), from which COL1A1, COL1A2, CHN1, and FN1 emerged as pivotal hub genes using protein-protein interaction network analysis.

Direct β-C-H ketoalkylation of enaminoesters with cyclopropanols under metal-free conditions.

A TEMPO-mediated β-ketoalkylation of enaminoesters with cyclopropanols under metal-free conditions is herein described. This reaction provides a straightforward and highly efficient route to β-keto alkyl substituted enaminoesters for the first time, which could be rapidly and efficiently converted into synthetically useful 2-alkoxycarbonyl functionalized 1,5-diketones. Moreover, the practicability of this protocol is successfully demonstrated by scale-up experiments and the late-stage functionalization of natural products and pharmaceutically relevant molecules.

Overcoming Energy-Scaling Barriers: Efficient Ammonia Electrosynthesis on High-Entropy Alloy Catalysts.

Electrochemically converting nitrate (NO ) to value-added ammonia (NH) is a complex process involving an eight-electron transfer and numerous intermediates, presenting a significant challenge for optimization. A multi-elemental synergy strategy to regulate the local electronic structure at the atomic level is proposed, creating a broad adsorption energy landscape in high-entropy alloy (HEA) catalysts. This approach enables optimal adsorption and desorption of various intermediates, effectively overcoming energy-scaling limitations for efficient NH electrosynthesis.

What Is the Mechanism by which the Introduction of Amorphous SeO Effectively Promotes Urea-Assisted Water Electrolysis Performance of Ni(OH)?

Nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)) is considered to be one of the most promising electrocatalysts for urea oxidation reaction (UOR) under alkaline conditions due to its flexible structure, wide composition and abundant 3D electrons. However, its slow electrochemical reaction rate, high affinity for the reaction intermediate *COOH, easy exposure to low exponential crystal faces and limited metal active sites that seriously hinder the further improvement of UOR activities. Herein it is reported electrocatalyst composed of rich oxygen-vacancy (O) defects with amorphous SeO-covered Ni(OH) (O-SeO/Ni(OH)).

Engineering Highly Aligned and Densely Populated Cardiac Muscle Bundles via Fibrin Remodeling in 3D-Printed Anisotropic Microfibrous Lattices.

Replicating the structural and functional features of native myocardium, particularly its high-density cellular alignment and efficient electrical connectivity, is essential for engineering functional cardiac tissues. Here, novel electrohydrodynamically printed InterPore microfibrous lattices with anisotropic architectures are introduced to promote high-density cellular alignment and enhanced tissue interconnectivity. The interconnected pores in the microfibrous lattice enable dynamic, cell-mediated remodeling of fibrous hydrogels, resulting in continuous, mechanically stable tissue bundles.

Atomically Dispersed Fe-Mo Catalysts Mediate Fenton-Like Reaction to Efficiently Degrade Chlorophenol Pollutants Through Synergistic Oxidation and Dechlorination Reactions.

Chlorophenols are difficult to degrade and mineralize by traditional advanced oxidation processes due to the strong electronegativity of chlorine. Here, a dual-site atomically dispersed catalyst (FeMoNC) is reported, which Fe/Mo supported on mesoporous nitrogen-doped carbon is prepared through high-temperature migration. The FeMoNC exhibits a high dechlorination rate of 93.

Unveiling the Dual Active Sites of Ni/Co(OH)-Ru Heterointerface for Robust Electrocatalytic Alkaline Seawater Splitting.

Constructing bifunctional electrocatalysts through the synergistic effect of diverse metal sites is crucial for achieving high-efficiency and steady overall water splitting. Herein, a "dual-HER/OER-sites-in-one" strategy is proposed to regulate dominant active sites, wherein Ni/Co(OH)-Ru heterogeneous catalysts formed on nickel foam (NF) demonstrate remarkable catalytic activity for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) as well as hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Meanwhile, the potentials@10 mA cm of Ni/Co(OH)-Ru@NF for overall alkaline water and seawater splitting are only 1.

Site-Specific for CO Photoreduction with Single-Atom Ni on Strained TiO Derived from Bimetallic Metal-Organic Frameworks.

The photocatalytic reduction of CO in water to produce fuels and chemicals is promising while challenging. However, many photocatalysts for accomplishing such challenging task usually suffer from unspecific catalytic active sites and the inefficient charge carrier's separation. Here, a site-specific single-atom Ni/TiO catalyst is reported by in situ topological transformation of Ni-Ti-EG bimetallic metal-organic frameworks.

Stress Release of Zincophilic N-Doped Carbon@Sn Composite on High-Curvature Surface of Zinc Foam for Dendrite-Free 3D Zinc Anode.

Commercial 3D zinc foam anodes with high deposition space and ion permeation have shown great potential in aqueous ion batteries. However, the local accumulated stress from its high-curvature surface exacerbates the Zn dendrite issue, leading to poor reversibility. Herein, we have employed zincophilic N-doped carbon@Sn composites (N-C@Sn) as nano-fillings to effectively release the local stress of high curvature surface of 3D Zn foams toward dendrite-free anode in aqueous zinc ion battery (AZIB).

Position Optimization of Bulky Tetraphenylsilane in Multiple Resonance Molecules for Highly Efficient Narrowband OLEDs.

Multiple resonance (MR)-type thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters have garnered significant interest due to their narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM) and high electroluminescence efficiency. However, the planar structures and large singlet-triplet energy gaps (ΔEs) characteristic of MR-TADF molecules pose challenges to achieving high-performance devices. Herein, two isomeric compounds, p-TPS-BN and m-TPS-BN, are synthesized differing in the connection modes between a bulky tetraphenylsilane (TPS) group and an MR core.

Revealing the Principles of Confining Electroplated Lithium beneath the CVD Grown Single Layer 2D Materials.

Owing to the nanoscale thickness, excellent mechanical and chemical stabilities, 2D materials including graphene and hexagonal boron nitride have emerged as promising artificial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) candidates for lithium metal batteries. However, whether the implementation of 2D materials is beneficial to electrochemical performance remains controversial, and the key to confining the electroplated Li beneath the 2D materials remains elusive. Here, a nanocrystalline graphene (NG) film is synthesized on high-carbon Cu and the Li plating/stripping behavior on Cu grown with different 2D materials is investigated.

Beyond Inducing Anionic Redox: Controllable Migration Sequence of Li Ions in Transition Metal Layers Toward Highly Stable Li-Rich Cathodes.

The energy density of layered oxides of Li-ion batteries can be enhanced by inducing oxygen redox through replacing transition metal (TM) ions with Li ions in the TM layer. Undesirably, the cathodes always suffer from unfavorable structural degradation, which is closely associated with irreversible TM migration and slab gliding, resulting in continuous capacity and voltage decay. Herein, attention is paid to the Li ions in the TM layer (Li) and find their extra effects beyond inducing oxygen redox, which has been rarely mentioned.

Early Evaluation of the Interaction and Gender Differences in Combination of Apatinib and Metoprolol Using Humanized CYP2D6 Model.

Apatinib, a commonly used tyrosine kinase inhibitor in cancer treatment, can cause adverse reactions such as hypertension. Hypertension, in turn, can increase the risk of certain cancers. The coexistence of these diseases makes the use of combination drugs more common in clinical practice, but the potential interactions and regulatory mechanisms in these drug combinations are poorly understood.

Discovery of Triketone-Indazolones as Novel 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase Inhibiting-Based Herbicides.

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) is a crucial herbicide target in current research, playing an important role in the comprehensive management of resistant weeds. However, the limited crop selectivity and less effectiveness against grass weeds of many existing HPPD inhibitors, limit their further application. To address these issues, a series of novel HPPD inhibitors with fused ring structures were designed and synthesized by introducing an electron-rich indazolone ring and combining it with the classical triketone pharmacophore structure.

Prediction of Potential Risk for Ten Azole and Benzimidazole Fungicides with the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Agonistic Activity to Aquatic Ecosystems.

Azole and benzimidazole fungicides are widely used agrochemicals to prevent and treat fungal growth and are frequently detected in aquatic environments. Here, we aimed to assess the aquatic ecological risks of ten currently used azole and benzimidazole fungicides, which with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonistic activity, and their transformation products (TPs). We obtained over 400 types of aerobic TPs for ten fungicides.

Effective One-for-All Phototheranostic Agent for Hypoxia-Tolerant NIR-II Fluorescent/PA Image-Guided Phototherapy.

Near-infrared (NIR)-triggered type-I photosensitizers are crucial to address the constraints of hypoxic tumor microenvironments in phototherapy; however, significant challenges remain. By selecting an electron-deficient unit, a matched energy gap in the upper-level state is instrumental in boosting the efficiency of intersystem crossing for the type-I electron transfer process. 2-Cyanothiazole, an electron acceptor, is covalently linked with N, N-diphenyl-4-(thiophen-2-yl)aniline to yield a multifunctional photosensitizer (TTNH) that exhibits intrinsic NIR absorbance and compatible T energy levels, facilitating both radiative and nonradiative transitions.

Isolated Tin Enhanced CO Coverage-Regulation on SnCu Alloy for Selective CO Electroreduction to C Products.

Electricity-powered C─C coupling of CO represents an attractive strategy for producing valuable commodity chemicals with renewable energy, but it is still challenging to gain high C selectivity at high current density. Here, a SnCu single-atom alloy (SAA) is reported with isolated Sn atom embedded into the Cu lattice, as efficient ectrocatalyst for CO reduction. The as prepared SnCu-SAA catalyst shows a maximal C Faradaic efficiency of 79.

Gold nanorods coated with self-assembled silk fibroin for improving their biocompatibility and facilitating targeted photothermal-photodynamic cancer therapy.

Gold nanorods (AuNRs) have shown great potential as photothermal agents for cancer therapy. However, the biosafety of AuNRs ordinarily synthesized using a cationic ligand assistance procedure has always been a subject of controversy, which limits their application in tumor therapy. In this study, we propose a novel strategy to enhance the biocompatibility of AuNRs by constructing a biological coating derived from silk fibroin (SF) on their surface.