Unravelling the Difference of Immune Microenvironment Characteristics between Esophageal Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Conventional Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Objectives: Esophageal basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (basaloid ESCC) is an uncommon variant of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We characterized the tumor immune microenvironment features of basaloid ESCC, and compared them with conventional ESCC.

Methods And Results: One hundred and four basaloid ESCC patients and 55 conventional ESCC patients were included in Cohort 1.

OAB-14 alleviates mitochondrial impairment through the SIRT3-dependent mechanism in APP/PS1 transgenic mice and N2a/APP cells.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive degenerative disease that affects a growing number of elderly individuals worldwide. OAB-14, a novel chemical compound developed by our research group, has been approved by the China Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for clinical trials in patients with AD (approval no. YD-OAB-220210).

Room temperature synthesis of one-dimensional hierarchical hollow BiOBr with tunable photocatalysis reaction pathway for RhB under visible light.

One-dimensional (1D) hierarchical photocatalyst has the advantages of 1D materials and hierarchical materials, which is a kind of potential high performance photocatalytic materials. However, how to efficiently synthesize 1D hierarchical BiOBr is still a huge challenge. Herein, 1D rod-like BiO(OH)(NO)·3HO, the hydrolysis product of Bi(NO)·5HO, was acted as both the template and Bi source to synthesize 1D hierarchical hollow BiOBr (1DHHBr) through a facile solution stirring method at room temperature, using KBr as Br source.

MOFs-derived porous carbon embedded Fe nanoparticles as peroxymonosulfate activator for efficient degradation of organic pollutants.

Achieving the harmless degradation of organic pollutants remains a challenging task for the advanced oxidation processes. Metal-organic frameworks have emerged in the field of energy and environmental catalysis. Herein, MIL-101(Fe) was employed as the precursor to prepare a porous carbon embedded Fe nanoparticles (Fe@C) via a pyrolytic process under N protection.

Construction of non-noble decorated Z-scheme Bi-BiVO-BiTiO for enhanced full solar-spectrum driven photocatalytic activity.

Currently, to deal with the increasingly severe energy crisis and environmental consequences, photocatalytic technology is considered as a promise solution, and the construction of Z-scheme heterostructures are important strategies to maximize the utilization of solar energy and improve photocatalytic performance. Herein, a novel full spectrum-responsive Z-scheme Bi-BiVO-BiTiO heterojunction was constructed by a facile hydrothermal method without any templates or surfactants. A series of detailed analyses revealed that the novel Bi-BiVO-BiTiO heterojunction catalyst were prepared successfully.

Biochar@MIL-88A(Fe) Accelerates Direct Interspecies Electron Transfer and Hydrogen Transfer in Waste Activated Sludge Anaerobic Digestion: Exploring Electron Transfer and Biomolecular Mechanisms.

Adding additives exogenously is an effective strategy to enhance methanogenic activity and improve AD stability. Corn straw-based biochar@MIL-88A(Fe) (BM) was synthesized herewith and used as an exogenous additive to boost methane (CH) production. After adding BM at 250 mg/g WAS VS, the accumulative CH production and maximum CH yield increased by 1.

Ultrasound-laccase pre-treatment enhances agarwood essential oil extraction and bioactivity.

Agarwood essential oil is prized for its elegant aroma and pharmacological properties; however, the traditional hydrodistillation method suffers from inefficiencies, constraining the industrial potential of agarwood. We proposed an ultrasonic-assisted laccase synergistic pretreatment technique that enhanced extraction throughput by 70.90 % compared to the traditional method by facilitating pore formation in agarwood and expediting the release of essential oil.

Development of blocking ELISA for detection anti-PRRSV antibodies and serological investigation of PRRSV in China.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) demonstrates a significantly high prevalence among swine populations. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with high affinity for conserved epitopes of PRRSV can facilitate the development of a broad-spectrum detection method for this virus. This study identified two PRRSV-specific mAbs, designated 2B1 and 2C6, which recognized two conformation-dependent epitopes through indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and Western blot analysis.

CMCS-PVA@CA hydrogel dressing: A promoter of wound healing with MRSA virulence attenuation function.

Traditional wound dressings, primarily centered on antimicrobial or bactericidal strategies, have inadvertently contributed to the rise of drug-resistant bacterial colonies at wound sites, thus prolonging the healing process. In this study, we developed an innovative hydrogel dressing, CMCS-PVA@CA, incorporating carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and cichoric acid (CA), specifically designed to treat skin wounds infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Computational biology analyses reveal that CA exerts substantial anti-virulence activity by targeting serine/threonine phosphatase (Stp1), achieving an IC of 3.

Construction of GOx-loaded metal organic frameworks antibacterial composite hydrogels for skin wound healing.

Bacterial infections and inflammation severely impede wound healing. Here, we developed a zwitterionic hydrogel incorporating MOF/GOx for pH-responsive, controlled drug release. The multifunctional hydrogel embedded with MOF/GOx was successfully prepared through the Schiff base reaction between the copolymer poly[(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine)-co-(4-formylphenyl methacrylate)] (PMF) and the branched polyethylenimine (PEI) modified by the zwitterionic monomer ((4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfonyl)(4-(trimethylammonio)butanoyl)amide (AB), which possessed excellent injectable and self-healing ability, a highly sensitive and reversible responsiveness to pH changes, and good biocompatibility.

Chemical activation of cotton fibers with varied regents induces distinct morphology of activated carbon and adsorption capacity of methylene blue.

Some biomasses like cotton contain natural fibrous structures. This is a desirable structural feature for exposure of adsorption sites on cotton-derived activated carbon (AC). This was verified herein by conducting activation of cotton with ZnCl, HPO, KCO or KOH, probing whether structural transformation during activation could be confined inside a cotton fiber.

Preparation of a multifunctional soybean protein isolate-based adhesive with enhanced mechanical and flame retardancy properties via the synergistic effect between phosphorylated chitosan and quaternary ammonium-functionalized MXene.

The pursuit of multifunctional soybean protein isolate (SPI)-based adhesives with high strength, water resistance, and resistance to mildew and flame remains a formidable scientific challenge. Inspired by mussels, in this work, quaternary ammonium salted hyperbranched polyamide (QHBPA) and polydopamine (PDA) were incorporated onto the surface of MXene. The synthesized hybrid material, namely Q-MXene, accompanied with phosphorylated chitosan (PCS), was subsequently integrated into the SPI-based adhesive to synergistically improve its performance via organic-inorganic hybridization techniques.

Low-internal-phase and high-viscoelastic emulsion gel synergistically stabilized by buckwheat protein microgel and carboxylated cellulose nanofibers.

With the increasing demand for healthy diets, low-fat foods have gradually become a hot issue. This study successfully prepared low-internal-phase and high-viscoelastic emulsion gels using the synergistic effect between buckwheat protein microgel (BPM) and carboxylated cellulose nanofibers (CNF). The effects of the ratio of BPM to CNF on the microstructure, stability, rheological properties, and 3D printing characteristics of the emulsion gels were investigated.

An electrochromic alginate fiber based on a WO/PEDOT:PSS composite layer.

In this experiment, we studied a technique that permits the continuous fabrication of electrochromic alginate fibers because there hasn't been much research on electrochromic alginate fibers. Therefore, it's important to investigate ways to increase the application areas of alginate fibers. AgNP‑calcium alginate fibers with high electrical conductivity were prepared by Ag substitution method.

A novel salt-adapted bifunctional glucanase/mannanase from Klebsiella pneumoniae and its application in oligosaccharide production.

Klebsiella pneumoniae exhibits extensive glycohydrolase activity in the gut microbiota. However, there are few studies on glucomannanase of Klebsiella pneumoniae. This study cloned and characterized a bifunctional mannanase/glucanase (GH8-3995) of K.

The major roles of intestinal microbiota and TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathway in acute intestinal inflammation in mice, and the improvement effect by Hippophae rhamnoides polysaccharide.

Acute enteritis, an intestinal disease with intestinal inflammation and injury as the main pathological manifestations. Inhibiting the inflammatory response is critical to the treatment of acute enteritis. Previous studies have shown that the Hippophae rhamnoides polysaccharide (HRP) has strong immune-enhancing effects.

Metabolic activation and hepatic cytotoxicity of osthole mediated by cytochrome P450 enzymes.

Osthole (OST), a coumarin derivative, is one of the major components of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cussion. OST was reported to induce apoptosis in hepatocytes.

Unraveling the Peripheral Nervous System's Role in Tumor: A Double-edged Sword.

The peripheral nervous system (PNS) includes all nerves outside the brain and spinal cord, comprising various cells like neurons and glial cells, such as schwann and satellite cells. The PNS is increasingly recognized for its bidirectional interactions with tumors, exhibiting both pro- and anti-tumor effects. Our review delves into the complex mechanisms underlying these interactions, highlighting recent findings that challenge the conventional understanding of PNS's role in tumorigenesis.

The intervention of B. longum metabolites in Fnevs' carcinogenic capacity: A potential double-edged sword.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors globally. Fusobacterium nucleatum and its metabolites are effective biological targets for colon cancer promotion. Probiotics such as Bifidobacterium can block the occurrence and development of CRC by regulating the host intestinal mucosal immunity, eliminating carcinogens, and interfering with tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis.

Innovative Perspectives on Metal Free Contrast Agents for MRI: Enhancing Imaging Efficacy, and AI-Driven Future Diagnostics.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued a boxed warning and mandated additional safety measures for all gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) used in clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) due to their prolonged retention in the body and associated adverse health effects.

Injectable Antibacterial Drug-Free Hydrogel Dressing Enabled by a Bioactive Peptide-Mimicking Synthetic Peptidyl Polymer.

The management of bacterial wounds presents a significant challenge in the field of medicine and poses a grave threat to public health. Traditional gauze materials exhibit limited efficacy in treating bacterial infection wounds, while antibiotics demonstrate cytotoxicity and resistance. Therefore, in this study, the peptide biomimetic polymer (PAL-BA) was designed and served as the antibacterial framework for constructing an antibiotic drug-free antibacterial hydrogel dressing through a Schiff base reaction with oxidized hyaluronic acid (OHA).

Study on the Impact of β-CD Inclusion Complex on the In vivo Metabolism of Ginsenoside Re: A Pharmacokinetic, Metabolite Analysis, and Tissue Distribution Investigation in a Rat Model.

Triol-type ginsenoside Re (GS-Re) exhibits potent anti-myocardial ischemia-reperfusion effects, but its clinical use is hindered by poor bioavailability. This study evaluates the impact of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) inclusion on GS-Re bioavailability and tissue dynamics in rat models. The GS-Re-β-CD complex was prepared using aqueous stirring and characterized.

Multi-scale Analysis Reveals Hippocampal Subfield Vulnerabilities to Chronic Cortisol Overexposure: Evidence from Cushing's Disease.

Background: Chronic cortisol overexposure plays a significant role in the development of neuropathological changes associated with neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. The hippocampus, the primary target of cortisol, may exhibit characteristic regional responses due to its internal heterogeneity. This study explores structural and functional alterations of hippocampal subfields in Cushing's disease (CD), an endogenous model of chronic cortisol overexposure.

A novel three-dimensional co-culture model for studying exosome-mediated cell interactions in glioblastoma.

Three-dimensional(3D) cell culture systems provide a larger space for cell proliferation, which is crucial for simulating cellular behavior and drug responses in the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we developed a novel 3D co-culture system for cell interactions, utilizing a commercialized bioreactor-microcarrier system. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were extracted via enzymatic digestion, and markers CD105 and CD31 were identified.