Decoding Alzheimer's Disease With Depression: Molecular Insights and Therapeutic Target.

The purpose of this study was to recognise predictive biomarkers and explore the promising therapeutic targets of AD with depression. We confirmed a positive correlation between AD and depression through MR Analysis. Through WGCNA analysis, we identified 1569 genes containing two modules, which were most related to AD.

Regulating the Crystallization and Morphology of PbI Precursor Films for the Growth of High-Quality Perovskite Films via Vapor-Solid Reaction.

Developing vapor-solid reaction methods to prepare organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite thin films is highly compatible with processes in crystalline silicon solar cells and the thin-film photovoltaic industries, facilitating rapid industrialization. In the vapor-solid reaction, the crystallization quality of perovskite thin films is widely influenced by the crystallinity and microstructure of lead iodide (PbI) precursor films. During the thermal evaporation process of preparing the PbI precursor films, we observed that PbI tends to develop a disordered surface morphology and exhibits high crystallinity, which significantly hinders the uniform diffusion of the organic amine salt vapor during the subsequent vapor-solid reaction.

Comparison of Early Functional Recovery Following Triportal Robot-Assisted and Uniportal Video-Assisted Segmentectomy in Patients With Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Background: Robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (RATS) is more precise and flexible than video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. This study compared the early postoperative functional recovery of patients who underwent triportal RATS with that of patients who underwent uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery (UVATS) for segmentectomy.

Methods: This observational, prospective study included 172 patients with clinical stage I or II peripheral NSCLC who underwent RATS or UVATS segmentectomy.

In Situ Raman Spectra and Machine Learning Assistant Thermal Annealing Optimization for Effective Phototransistors.

The relationship between the structure and function of condensed matter is complex and changeable, which is especially suitable for combination with machine learning to quickly obtain optimized experimental conditions. However, little research has been done on the effect of temperature on condensed matter and how it affects device performance because the difference between the in situ physical property parameters (which are lowered by the surface tension and mixing entropy) and the basic parameters of the bulk makes accurate AI predictions difficult. In this work, P3HT/ITIC was chosen as the donor/acceptor material for the active layer of organic phototransistors (OPTs).

Enantioselective Behaviors and Risk Assessments of Chiral Pesticide Mefentrifluconazole in Four Types of Fruits and Vegetables.

Mefentrifluconazole was the first novel isopropyl alcohol triazole fungicide. Existing research indicated that mefentrifluconazole had high activity and low toxicity, presenting potential for monocase application, while limited data existed on its enantioselective dissipation in crops. Here, after confirming the absolute configuration, the enantioselective dissipation and risk assessments of chiral mefentrifluconazole in soybeans, peanuts, tomatoes, grapes, and soil were conducted.

Ligand-to-Ligand Charge Transfer Induced Red-Shifted Room Temperature Phosphorescence in Metal-Organic Frameworks.

Research on room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has been rapidly developed in recent years. However, it is still challenging to realize long-wavelength RTP (>580 nm). In this article, a new strategy is proposed to achieve the red-shifted RTP through constructing dual-ligand MOFs.

OMEGA-guided DNA polymerases enable random mutagenesis in a tunable window.

Targeted random mutagenesis is crucial for breeding, directed evolution, and gene function studies, yet efficient tools remain scarce. Here, we present obligate mobile element guided activity (OMEGA)-R, an innovative targeted random mutagenesis system that integrates SpyCatcher-enIscB and PolI3M-TBD-SpyTag, outperforming existing state-of-the-art technologies in key metrics, such as protein size, mutagenesis efficiency, window length, and continuity. OMEGA-R achieves a dramatic enhancement of on-target mutagenesis, reaching a rate of 1.

Inducible regulating homologous recombination enables precise genome editing in Pichia pastoris without perturbing cellular fitness.

The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris (also known as Komagataella pastoris) is an ideal host for producing proteins and natural products. Enhancing homologous recombination (HR) is helpful for improving the precision of genome editing, but results in stress to cellular fitness and is harmful for industrial applications. To overcome these challenges, we developed a tetracycline repressor protein (TetR)/tetO2 inducible system to dynamically regulate the HR-related gene RAD52 in P.

First Report of Goji Fruit Rot Caused by in Ningxia, China.

Goji berry (Lycium barbarum L.) is a fruit with high nutritional and medicinal value, widely cultivated in northwest China (Wang et al. 2023).

Photoredox Nickel-Catalyzed Coupling/Controllable Defluorination: Access to α-Fluoroarylacetic Amides and Acetates.

Herein, an electron donor-acceptor complex (EDA)-enabled photoredox nickel-catalyzed coupling/controllable defluorination domino sequence has been successfully developed, providing an efficient route to a series of α-fluoroarylacetic esters and amides. This methodology accommodates a diverse array of commercially available aryl bromides and chlorodifluoroaryl carboxylic acid derivatives as suitable substrates. Preliminary mechanistic investigations suggest that the reaction is initiated by photoinduced EDA-enabled/nickel-catalyzed direct cross-electrophile coupling, with further defluorination proceeding through the generation of EDA complexes, facilitating a controllable reductive defluorination process.

Phosphating CoMoO-Modified Hematite-Based Photoanode Enhances Surface Charge Transfer and Reaction Activity for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation.

The photoelectrochemical properties of hematite-based photoanodes are hindered by severe carrier recombination and poor reaction activity, which is a major challenge. Herein, we coupled zirconium-doped α-FeO (Zr:FeO) and phosphating cobalt molybdate electrocatalyst (P-CoMoO) to ameliorate the above difficulties. The conductivity and carrier density of hematite significantly increase by Zr doping.

In-situ quantitative detection of hypochlorous acid in food samples by employing a near-infrared fluorescent probe in association with a portable optical data acquisition system.

Background: Hypochlorous acid (HClO) is a crucial disinfectant in the food industry. It can be used to soak perishable foods like vegetables, fruits, eggs, fish, and raw meat before processing and storage, eliminating microorganisms, bacteria, fungi, and pathogens to ensure food safety. HClO also helps preserve vegetables and fruits by reducing ethylene production, delaying rotting, decreasing cell membrane permeability, inhibiting polyphenol oxidase activity, and postponing discoloration.

Simultaneous monitoring of creatinine and urea in diversified clinical samples based on SERS-active PDMS-flower-like ZIF-67@Ag nanoparticles.

The sensitive, efficient, and simultaneous assay of creatinine and urea in different body fluid is crucial for the daily detection and treatment of chronic kidney disease. Here, we exploited a versatile composite surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-flower-like ZIF-67@Ag nanoparticles (NPs) based on simple in-situ growth and ion sputtering strategies. The plasmonic Ag NPs assembled on the three-dimensional anisotropic ZIF-67 matrix, facilitating numerous resonant electromagnetic "hotspots".

Mass spectrometric monitoring of redox transformation and arylation of tryptophan.

Tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid obtained from human diet. It is involved not only in de novo biosynthesis of proteins but also in complex metabolic pathways. Redox transformation of tryptophan is under-explored in comparison with kynurenine, serotonin and indole pyruvate pathways.

Ratio fluorescence and smartphone-assisted colorimetry dual-mode detection of creatinine based on F, B, N-doped of red fluorescent carbon dots.

Background: Creatinine is a small molecule disease biomarker that reflects kidney function, accurate and effective detection of creatinine will play an important role in the prevention and treatment of diseases. Currently, commonly used creatinine detection methods are limited by expensive instruments, complex sample preparation, many interference factors from biological samples, and environmental factors that can affect the accuracy of the measurement. Therefore, developing a fast, simple, inexpensive, sensitive analysis method that can eliminate background interference and provide multi-detection modes has strong attraction and value.

Inhibition of N6-methyladenosine methylation of ASC by berberine ameliorates pyroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells in acute kidney injury.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) lacks a definitive therapeutic approach beyond supportive care. One significant pathological mechanism involves the regulated death of tubular epithelial cells; however, the regulatory mechanisms underlying this cell death pathway require further investigation. The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, recognized as the most prevalent modification in eukaryotes, plays a critical role in the regulatory processes associated with AKI.

Hydrodynamics of the small vessel as described in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

Small volume dissolution systems are commonly used in dissolution testing, primarily in method development for low dose formulations compared to standard dissolution apparatuses used with evaluation of larger formulations. This is typically done because of cost savings associated with using smaller media volumes and sample sizes, to overcome the lack of material in early development, and to provide higher analytical sensitivity and discrimination ability. The Chinese Pharmacopoeia (CP) includes a small dissolution apparatus in their list ("Method 3 (Small Vessel)") (The State Pharmacopoeia Commission of P.

Research progress in the extraction, purification, structural features, biological activities, and structure-activity relationships from Prunella vulgaris polysaccharides.

Prunella vulgaris L., a globally recognized medicinal and edible plant, has been extensively used in China for over 2000 years, possessing the efficacy of clearing liver-fire, brightening the eyes, dispersing the knot, and reducing swelling. Phytochemical studies have shown that Prunella vulgaris contains various biologically active compounds, including flavonoids, triterpenes, polysaccharides, and phenolic acids.

Carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium alginate-enhanced hydrogel for carbon dots loading: A novel platform for pH sensing and sensitive detection of Al and Ag.

To address the challenges associated with the storage and application of traditional carbon dot (CDs) solutions, this study introduces a cyan fluorescent carbon dot-based hydrogel (CDs-SCH). The hydrogel was synthesized by integrating cyan fluorescent CDs, derived from penicillamine and m-phenylenediamine, with carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and sodium alginate (SA), which was then mixed with acrylamide (AM). The resulting CDs-SCH hydrogel was extensively characterized, focusing on its morphology, chemical structure, and fluorescence behavior.

Proline rich-39 (PR-39) antimicrobial protein alleviated lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in piglets by altering intestinal flora associated bile acid metabolism and in turn regulating TGR-5/NF-κB/MLCK/MLC pathway.

Proline rich-39 (PR-39) is a natural antimicrobial protein with good antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. The miniature Wuzhishan pig (WZSP) has important similarities to humans in anatomical structure, physiological characteristics, and nutrient metabolism that make it an important model animal for biomedical research. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect and therapeutic mechanism of PR-39 on intestinal barrier function using the LPS-induced enteritis model in WZSPs.

Effect of sodium lignosulfonate as an additive in enhancing the corrosion and tribocorrosion behavior of micro-arc oxidation coatings on titanium alloy.

A corrosion and wear resistant coating was developed on the surface of titanium alloy using micro-arc oxidation (MAO) technology with addition of lignin sulfonate (SLS) as an additive in electrolytes containing 15 g/L of NaSiO·9HO and 10 g/L of NaPO·12HO. The effects of concentration of SLS on the surface morphology, microstructure, and corrosion-wear performance of the MAO coatings were systematically investigated. Wetting properties and mechanical characteristics of MAO coatings were determined by contact angle measurements, microhardness testing, and bonding strength assessments.

Danshen-Chuanxiong-Honghua Ameliorates Neurological Function and Inflammation in Traumatic Brain injury in Rats via Modulating Ghrelin/GHSR.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Guanxin II, proposed by Chen Keji (National master of traditional Chinese medicine), possesses cerebral-protective effect. Interestingly, its simplified prescription Danshen-Chuanxiong-Honghua (DCH) can also clinically ameliorate cerebral impairment and improve spatial cognitive deficits, similar to original formula's function.

Aim Of The Study: We aimed to elucidate the rationality of DCH's natural existence, qualitatively identify DCH-derived phytochemicals, thereby validate cerebral protective effect, and expose potential mechanism of DCH and its main absorbed compound ferulic acid (FA).

Lancao decoction alleviates Alzheimer's disease: depending on activating CaMKII to protect neuronal refunction by reducing β-amyloid in the hippocampus.

Ethnopharmacological Relevancy: Lancao decoction (LC) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulation mentioned in the "Huangdineijing", known for its ability to dispel turbidity and eliminate heat. TCM believes that the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is phlegm turbidity, and the fiery internal obstruction of the gods, which suggests that LC has the possibility of treating.

Aim Of The Study: This investigation will examine the possibilities of LC to improve AD and uncover the underlying mechanisms.

Enhanced dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium and electron transfer mechanisms in bidirectional electron transfer biofilm constructed by iron phthalocyanine.

Bidirectional electron transfer biofilms (BETB) could efficiently reduce nitrate without accumulating nitrite, representing a promising biological electrochemical denitrification technology. This study utilized iron phthalocyanine modified carbon felt (FePc-CF) to enrich electroactive bacteria, constructing a long-term stable FePc-BETB. Its nitrate removal rate reached 91%, far exceeding the traditional nitrate-reducing biocathode (45%) and Con-BETB (46%).

Lipid profiles of green conversion from corn-ethanol co-product via Aspergillus niger.

High-value recycling of agro-industrial by-products is the focus of global sustainable development. A method of the recovery and utilization of corn-ethanol co-product to produce functional lipids via Aspergillus niger (A. niger) was proposed.