Morphological and molecular characteristics of swine coccidia based on single oocyst isolation.

Swine coccidiosis is a host-specific protozoan disease caused by Cystoisospora suis and various Eimeria species, leading to diarrhea or subclinical signs in pigs. In this study, 3296 fecal samples from 55 farms across six provinces in China were collected and examined to determine the prevalence and molecular characteristics of swine coccidia. The single oocyst isolation technique (SOIT) and molecular characterization identified nine coccidian species, with an overall infection prevalence of 13.

Inhibiting Lattice Distortion of Ultrahigh Nickel Co-Free Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Ultrahigh nickel cathode materials are widely utilized due to their outstanding energy and power densities. However, the presence of cobalt can cause significant lattice distortion during charge and discharge cycles, leading to the loss of active lithium, the formation of lattice cracks, and the emergence of a rock salt phase that hinders lithium-ion transport. Herein, we developed a novel cobalt-free, aluminum-doped cathode material, LiNiMnAlO (NMA), which effectively delays the harmful H2-H3 phase transition, reduces lattice distortion, alleviates stress release, and significantly enhances structural stability.

In Situ Conversion of Atherosclerotic Plaques' Iron into Nanotheranostics.

The presence of a substantial necrotic core in atherosclerotic plaques markedly heightens the risk of rupture, a consequence of elevated iron levels that exacerbate oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, thereby sustaining a detrimental cycle of ferroptosis and inflammation. Concurrently targeting both ferroptosis and inflammation is crucial for the effective treatment of vulnerable plaques. In this study, we introduce gallium hexacyanoferrate nanoabsorption catalysts (GaHCF NACs) designed to disrupt this pathological cycle.

Kinetics Difference-driven Organophosphorus Hydrolase-like Nanozyme-Coded Pattern for Identifying -Nitrophenyl Pesticides.

Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are widely used in agricultural production, posing a great threat to human health and the environment. Given that different OPs present different toxicology and toxicities, identifying individual pesticide residues becomes important for assessing food safety and environmental implications. In this work, a kinetics difference-driven analyte hydrolysis strategy is proposed for the first time and validated to identify -nitrophenyl pesticides by developing an organophosphorus hydrolase-like nanozyme-coded sensor array.

Visualization of Right Adrenal Vein in Non-Contrast-Enhanced MDCT and Its Guiding Role for Right Adrenal Venous Sampling.

This study aimed to evaluate the visualization of right adrenal vein (RAV) in non-contrast-enhanced multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) and its guiding role for right adrenal venous sampling (AVS) in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA). A total of 237 patients diagnosed with PA who underwent successful AVS procedures from January 2020 to March 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The non-contrast-enhanced MDCT image features of RAV included the degree of visualization and the position of RAV orifice.

Design and Synthesis of Two Sn-Centered Mixed Halide Crystals with Enhanced Birefringence.

Enhancing the optical anisotropy of compounds has attracted significant interest in the optical field. Sn-centered crystals, containing stereochemically active lone pairs, are widely regarded as promising birefringent materials. In this study, we successfully synthesized two novel Sn-centered mixed halide birefringent crystals, NaSnFBr and NaSnFI.

Prussian Blue Nanozyme Featuring Enhanced Superoxide Dismutase-like Activity for Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Treatment.

The blood flow, when restored clinically following a myocardial infarction (MI), disrupts the physiological and metabolic equilibrium of the ischemic myocardial area, resulting in secondary damage termed myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inflammatory reactions stand as primary culprits behind MIRI. Current strategies focusing on ROS-scavenging and anti-inflammatory actions have limited remission of MIRI.

A Schiff-base-modified Cu nanocluster with redox dual-catalytic sites and fluorescence sensing for the degradation and detection of atrazine.

Atrazine is a widely used and heavily contaminating pesticide. In this work, we designed and synthesized a versatile catalyst for the degradation and fluorescent detection of atrazine. This catalyst consists of Cu clusters modified by a Schiff base.

The molecular mechanism of transforming red light signal to (E)-β-caryophyllene biosynthesis in Arabidopsis.

It is known that red light irradiation enhances the biosynthesis of (E)-β-caryophyllene in plants. However, the underlying mechanism connecting red light to (E)-β-caryophyllene biosynthesis remains elusive. This study reveals a molecular cascade involving the phyB-PIF4-MYC2 module, which regulates (E)-β-caryophyllene biosynthesis in response to the red light signal in Arabidopsis thaliana.

High-Efficiency Electrochemiluminescence Biosensor with Antifouling and Antibacterial Functions for Sensitive and Accurate Analysis of Chloramphenicol in Seawater.

In marine environmental monitoring, due to the presence of a large number of interfering proteins and bacteria in seawater, it is of great significance to construct an efficient sensing interface with antifouling and antibacterial functions to avoid the aforementioned interferences. On this basis, the zwitterionic hydrogel based on sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was developed as an antifouling and antibacterial coating. The combination of hydration of zwitterions and hydrophilicity of hydrogels endows BSA@PSBMA with good antiadsorption ability, which effectively hinders the adhesion of proteins and bacteria, thereby improving the detection sensitivity of the biosensor.

Highly efficient green phosphor CaLa(PO)O:Eu,Tb for white LEDs.

Although the green light emission of Tb ions can be effectively improved by utilizing energy transfer from Eu to Tb ions, obtaining phosphors with high quantum efficiency remains a major problem. Here, we have achieved a novel apatite-type structure CaLa(PO)O (CLPO) containing Eu and Tb ions. The CLPO:Eu is capable of being effectively excited by near-ultraviolet light and emits blue light at about 460 nm.

Effect of Canna edulis starch addition on the properties of flour, rheology of dough and quality of semi-dry noodles.

Background: Canna edulis is a high-quality resistant starch raw material, especially for making flour products. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Canna edulis starch (CES) on the properties of flour, rheology of dough and quality of semi-dry noodles. The CES replaced part of the wheat flour in the semi-dry noodle formula.

Time-dependent diffusion magnetic resonance imaging for the analysis of parotid gland tumors.

Background: Different parotid tumors differ in terms of treatment strategies due to their distinct biological behaviors. Time-dependent diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (t-dMRI) can characterize and quantify the cytological indexes, and then aid the differential diagnosis of various tumors. However, the value of t-dMRI in the analysis of parotid gland tumors remains unclear.

Genetic insights into visceral obesity with health conditions, from disease susceptibility to therapeutic intervention.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between visceral obesity and various disease traits, as well as to identify potential safe targets for the prevention and treatment of visceral obesity.

Study Design: Univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed to examine the associations between visceral obesity and 1883 disease traits. Furthermore, we assessed the potential effect of 1684 protein expressions on visceral obesity using the available quantitative trait locus data for plasma proteins.

Point-of-care testing of methotrexate using a controlled release sensor based on a personal glucose meter.

Methotrexate (MTX), a widely administered medication for treating an array of tumors and autoimmune disorders, necessitates stringent monitoring due to the potential for severe adverse effects associated with its high dosage. Nevertheless, the existing methods for monitoring MTX are often intricate, time-consuming and incur significant costs. In this work, we constructed a controlled release sensor, harnessing the versatility of a personal glucose meter (PGM), which had been devised for the swift detection of MTX.

Differential activation of defense responses in cucumbers by adapted versus non-adapted lineages of the cotton-melon aphid.

Background: The cotton-melon aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, is a polyphagous pest damaging plants across over 100 families. It has multiple host-specialized lineages, including one colonizing Malvaceae (MA) and one colonizing Cucurbitaceae (CU). The mechanisms underlying these host relationships remain unknown.

Correction: From photocatalysis to photon-phonon co-driven catalysis for methanol reforming to hydrogen and valuable by-products.

Correction for 'From photocatalysis to photon-phonon co-driven catalysis for methanol reforming to hydrogen and valuable by-products' by Hui Wang , , 2025, https://doi.org/10.1039/d4cs00551a.

generation and conversion of a half-zirconocene catalyst for the synthesis of -acylpyrazoles.

Pyrazoles are an important class of five-membered nitrogen heterocyclic compounds that have been widely used in agriculture and medicine. Exploring their synthesis methods under mild conditions has always been a hot research topic. Herein, a new strategy was developed to enhance the activity of a zirconium metal centre for the synthesis of -acylpyrazole derivatives using CpZrCl as a pre-catalyst.

Full-component extract of and its effect on epidermal regeneration.

As a well-known aromatic herb rich in various bioactive molecules, the extract of is widely used in cosmetics. However, the extraction process for is far from perfect. Moreover, the water- and oil-soluble components are too complex to be compatible with each other.

A gram-positive enhancer matrix particles vaccine displaying swine influenza virus hemagglutinin protects mice against lethal H1N1 viral challenge.

Introduction: Animal influenza viruses pose a danger to the general public. Eurasian avian-like H1N1 (EA H1N1) viruses have recently infected humans in several different countries and are often found in pigs in China, indicating that they have the potential to cause a pandemic. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a potent vaccine against EA H1N1.

Potent human antibodies against SpA5 identified by high-throughput single-cell sequencing of phase I clinical volunteers' B cells.

The drug resistance problem of needs to be solved urgently. Here, we report the rapid identification of human antibodies by high-throughput single-cell RNA and VDJ sequencing of memory B cells derived from 64 volunteers immunized with recombinant five-component vaccine (clinical phase I). From 676 antigen-binding IgG1 clonotypes, TOP10 sequences were selected for expression and characterization, with the most potent one, Abs-9, having nanomolar affinity for the pentameric form of the specific antigen protein A.

Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Binge Drinking among Adults in the United State: Analysis of the 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey.

Little is known about the association of social media and belief in alcohol and cancer with binge drinking. This study aimed to perform feature selection and develop machine learning (ML) tools to predict occurrence of binge drinking among adults in the United State. A total of 5,886 adults including 1,252 who ever experienced with binge drinking were selected from the 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS 6).

Bayesian-optimized deep learning for identifying essential genes of mitophagy and fostering therapies to combat drug resistance in human cancers.

Dysregulated mitophagy is essential for mitochondrial quality control within human cancers. However, identifying hub genes regulating mitophagy and developing mitophagy-based treatments to combat drug resistance remains challenging. Herein, BayeDEM (Bayesian-optimized Deep learning for identifying Essential genes of Mitophagy) was proposed for such a task.

Multiomics Analysis Reveals Key Targeted Metabolic Pathways Underlying the Hormesis and Detrimental Effects of Enrofloxacin on Rice Plants.

Fluoroquinolone antibiotic enrofloxacin (ENR) is frequently detected in agricultural environments. The hormesis and detrimental effects of ENR on crops have been extensively observed. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these crops' responses to ENR remain limited.

Modulation of mitochondrial functions contributes to the protection of lamotrigine against Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Our previous studies have established that the broad-spectrum anti-epileptic drug lamotrigine (LTG) confers protection against cognitive impairments, synapse and nerve cell damage, as well as characteristic neuropathologies in APP/PS1 mice, a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the precise molecular mechanisms responsible for this protective effect induced by LTG remain largely elusive.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of LTG against AD.