Bioinspired thermally conducting packaging for heat management of high performance electronic chips.

Conventional electronic chip packaging generates a huge thermal resistance due to the low thermal conductivity of the packaging materials that separate chip dies and coolant. Here we propose and fabricate a closed high-conducting heat chip package based on passive phase change, using silicon carbide which is physically and structurally compatible with chip die materials. Our "chip on vapor chamber" (CoVC) concept realizes rapid diffusion of hot spots, and eliminates the high energy consumption of refrigeration ordinarily required for heat management.

Copper Deficiency: A Frequently Overlooked Complication After MBS-A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

This study reviews the prevalence of copper (Cu) deficiency in patients for metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS), as well as the long-term outcomes related to the prevalence of Cu deficiency after undergoing MBS. A systematic literature search and meta-analysis were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus for articles published by August 31, 2024. The search terms included metabolic and bariatric surgery, weight loss surgery, metabolic surgery, obesity surgery, sleeve gastrectomy, gastric banding, gastric bypass, duodenal switch, duodenojejunal bypass, copper, copper deficiency, and hypocuposemia.

Successful thoracoscopic-assisted resection of a functional paraganglioma in the mediastinum with extracorporeal circulation: a case report.

Background: Paragangliomas are rare neoplasms arising from extra-adrenal chromaffin cells, with mediastinal paragangliomas representing an exceptionally rare subset. This report details the surgical management of a complex mediastinal paraganglioma case, presenting with refractory hypertension and invasion of critical surrounding structures. A comprehensive review of the current literature is included to underscore existing cases, enhance clinical awareness, and share our insights and experience in the diagnosis and treatment of this challenging condition.

Relationship between systemic immune-inflammation index and depression among individuals with and without cardiovascular disease.

Objective: Depression is a common comorbidity in cardiovascular disease (CVD), and both conditions are associated with chronic inflammation. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) has emerged as a promising marker of systemic inflammation, but its role in association with depressive symptoms, particularly in the context of CVD, remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the association of SII with depressive symptoms in individuals with and without CVD using cross-sectional data from NHANES (2005-2016).

Unveiling the uncommon: hypoplasia of external iliac artery-a case report and literature review.

The absence or dysplasia of the iliac artery(IA) is an exceedingly rare condition, with limited cases documented in the literature. In this report, we present a case of hypoplasia of the right external iliac artery (EIA) in a 69-year-old male patient. The patient presented with right lower abdominal pain attributed to an aneurysm of the right internal iliac artery (IIA), yet notably, there was no evidence of lower limb ischemia at the time of consultation.

Oxygenation targets for endovascular therapy in acute ischemic stroke patients (Oxy-TARGET): protocol for a single-centre, open-label randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Preclinical studies have shown that oxygen therapy can improve ischaemic brain tissue oxygen tension, reduce reperfusion injury after revascularisation, promote neuroregeneration and inhibit inflammatory responses potentially exerting a beneficial effect after endovascular treatment (EVT) in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS). However, the optimal fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO) during EVT under general anaesthesia is currently unknown. Therefore, we are conducting a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the impact of high-concentration oxygen vs low-concentration normobaric oxygen on early neurological function after EVT.

Case Report: Type Ib Abernethy malformation.

Congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt, also known as Abernethy malformation, is a rare anatomic vascular malformation. Patients with Abernethy malformation may present with abdominal pain, abnormal liver function tests, hepatopulmonary syndrome, pulmonary hypertension, and/or portosystemic encephalopathy. Accurate identification of the shunt and portal vein and effective management of complications is vital in these patients.

A foundation model with weak experiential guidance in detecting muscle invasive bladder cancer on MRI.

Preoperative detection of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) remains a great challenge in practice. We aimed to develop and validate a deep Vesical Imaging Network (ViNet) model for the detection of MIBC using high-resolution Tweighted MR imaging (hrTWI) in a multicenter cohort. ViNet was designed using a modified 3D ResNet, in which, the encoder layers were pretrained using a self-supervised foundation model on over 40,000 cross-modal imaging datasets for transfer learning, and the classification modules were weakly supervised by an experiential knowledge-domain mask indicated by a nnUNet segmentation model.

Insights into Toxicological Mechanisms of Per-/polyfluoroalkyl Substances by Using Omics-centered Approaches.

The extensive presence of per-/polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the environment and their adverse effects on organisms have garnered increasing concern. With the shift of industrial development from legacy to emerging PFASs, expanding the understanding of molecular responses to legacy and emerging PFASs is essential to accurately assess their risks to organisms. Compared with traditional toxicological approaches, omics technologies including transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics/lipidomics, and microbiomics allow comprehensive analysis of the molecular changes that occur in organisms after PFAS exposure.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure is associated with radioiodine therapy resistance and dedifferentiation of differentiated thyroid cancer.

Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) generally has a favorable prognosis, and radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy is typically used for metastatic DTC that continues to progress and poses life-threatening risks. However, resistance to RAI in metastatic DTC significantly impairs treatment effectiveness. This study aims to identify potential compounds that may influence RAI efficacy.

Role of hepatocyte-specific FOXO1 in hepatic glucolipid metabolic disorders induced by perfluorooctane sulfonate.

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), a prevalent perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS), is widely present in various environmental media, animals, and even human bodies. It primarily accumulates in the liver, contributing to the disruption of hepatic metabolic homeostasis. However, the precise mechanism underlying PFOS-induced hepatic glucolipid metabolic disorders remains elusive.

Serine-modified silver nanoparticle porous spray membrane: A novel approach to wound infection prevention and inflammation reduction.

Traditional wound care preparations frequently face challenges such as complex care protocols, poor patient compliance, limited skin permeability, lack of aesthetics, and inconvenience, in addition to the risk of bacterial infection. We developed a spray film preparation containing nanocellulose and L-serine modified nanosilver, capable of rapidly forming a transparent film on the skin within minutes of application. The incorporation of nanocellulose imparted protective, moisturizing, and breathable properties to the film, allowing for easy removal after use.

High-resolution dissection of human cell type-specific enhancers in cis and trans activities.

The spatiotemporal-specific gene expression is regulated by cell-type-specific regulatory elements. Here we selected the H3K4me1-associated DNA sequences as candidate enhancers in two different human cell lines and performed ChIP-STARR-seq to quantify the cell-type-specific enhancer activities with high-resolution. We investigated how the activity landscape of enhancer repository would change when transferred from native cells (cis activity) to another cell lines (trans activity).

Antimicrobial polyketides from the endophytic fungus Fusarium asiaticum QA-6 derived from medicinal plant Artemisia argyi.

Seven previously undescribed polyketide derivatives, fusariumtides A-G (1-7), together with three known analogues (8-10), were isolated from the culture extract of Fusarium asiaticum QA-6, an endophytic fungus obtained from the fresh stem tissue of the medicinal plant Artemisia argyi H. Lev. & Vaniot.

Covalently crosslinked carboxymethyl chitosan beads containing SiO and ionic polymer for efficient adsorptive removal of methylene blue.

The carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)-based porous beads are still criticized for their limited number of binding sites, which impairs their efficacy in removing aqueous pollutants. To overcome this challenge, this work introduces the production of covalently crosslinked CMCS-based beads containing SiO and poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS). The porous composite beads not only possess remarkable stability under acidic conditions, but also have abundant active binding sites for adsorption.

Revealing the mechanism underlying the viscosity improvement of rice protein yogurt by the presence of in-situ-produced dextrans.

The in-situ-produced dextrans (DXs) could effectively enhance the viscosity of rice protein (RP) yogurt, but the reason for this improvement has not been elucidated. This study aims to reveal the mechanism underlying the viscosity improvement of RP yogurt by the presence of in-situ DXs. DXs synthesized in RP yogurts under different optimum conditions were purified and fully characterized.

Polyamide/silica/sodium alginate in-situ composite: Synthesis and application in electrochemical probing for Pb/Cd.

In this study, polyamide/silica/sodium alginate (SA) composite (PA-Si-SA) was successfully prepared in one-step benzoxazine-isocyanide chemistry (BIC)/sol-gel process at room temperature. The chemical structure and fundamental properties of PA-Si-SA were characterized by FT-IR, solid-state C NMR, XPS, XRD, SEM, BET and TG, etc. The presence of anionic SA and diverse N, O-containing functional segments (amide, tertiary amine, alkyl/phenol -OH, Si-O-Si, and COO) in PA-Si-SA endows it synergistic complexation capability toward Pb and Cd.

Application of lanthanum-modified silk fibroin/polyvinyl alcohol film for highly selective defluoridation in brick tea infusion.

To mitigate the risk associated with water-soluble fluoride in tea and to have less influence on the contents of tea infusion, a highly selective lanthanum modified silk fibroin (SF) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite film (SF/PVA-La) was prepared to remove fluoride from brick tea infusion. Notably, SF/PVA-La could remove about 48 % of the fluoride from in brick tea infusion within 30 min. Importantly, the reduction in total tea polyphenols in brick tea did not exceed 10 %, and the reduction in caffeine was only 0.

Substrate-specific responses to mixing conditions in high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis: Insights from microcrystalline cellulose and dilute-acid pretreated corncob.

This study investigates the mixing effects on the enzymatic hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and dilute-acid pretreated corncob substrates under high-solid conditions. Enzymatic hydrolysis experiments were conducted to assess cellulose conversion rates under varying mixing conditions (0, 50, 150, and 250 rpm) and solids loadings (5 %, 15 %, 25 %, and 35 %, w/v), and distinct physicochemical properties of the substrates were characterized. Additionally, the role of mixing conditions and solid loadings on cellulose hydrolysis kinetics and enzyme adsorption on both substrates and lignin were elucidated.

A novel peptide CP29L, selected from the phage displayed cyclic random heptapeptide library, demonstrates its potent inhibitory effects to liver cancer HCCLM3 cells by targeting FOXM1.

FOXM1 is the "Achilles' heel" of cancers and hence the potential therapeutic target for anticancer drug discovery. In this work, we selected high affinity peptides against the protein of human DNA binding domain of FOXM1 (FOXM1-DBD) from the disulfide-constrained, phage displayed random cyclic heptapeptide library Ph.D.

Advances in bacterial glycoprotein engineering: A critical review of current technologies, emerging challenges, and future directions.

Protein glycosylation, which involves the addition of carbohydrate chains to amino acid side chains, imparts essential properties to proteins, offering immense potential in synthetic biology applications. Despite its importance, natural glycosylation pathways present several limitations, highlighting the need for new tools to better understand glycan structures, recognition, metabolism, and biosynthesis, and to facilitate the production of biologically relevant glycoproteins. The field of bacterial glycoengineering has gained significant attention due to the ongoing discovery and study of bacterial glycosylation systems.

Targeted Mitochondrial Function for Cardiac Fibrosis: an Epigenetic Perspective.

Mitochondria, commonly referred to as "energy factories"of cells, play a crucial role in the function and survival of cardiomyocytes. However, as research on cardiac fibrosis has advanced, mitochondrial dysfunction(including changes in energy metabolism, calcium ion imbalance, increased oxidative stress, and apoptosis)is now recognized as a significant pathophysiological pathway involved in cardiac remodeling and progression, which also negatively affects the function and structure of the heart. In recent years, research focusing on targeting mitochondria has gained significant attention, offering new approaches for treating cardiac fibrosis.

Clinical value of CEUS with tumor marker monitoring in evaluating the prognosis of HCC after MWA.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) combined with tumour markers in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing microwave ablation (MWA).

Methods: MWA patients with HCC were divided into good prognosis (n = 75) and poor prognosis (n = 69) groups. The levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carbohydrate antigen (CA19-9), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) before and after MWA were analysed using an independent sample t-test.