Unveiling the Promoting Effects of Zr and the Hydrothermal Treatment on the NH-SCR Activity of the Cu-SAPO-18 Catalyst.

Selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH(NH-SCR) remains challenging for diesel vehicles due to the complex exhaust condition. Cu-SAPO-18 zeolite has emerged as an efficient catalyst for the NH-SCR process, attributed to its unique small pore configuration and high NH-SCR activity. Herein, Zr-modified Cu-SAPO-18 has been fabricated and evaluated for the reduction of NO.

Modular Metabolic Engineering of for Enhanced Production of Ursolic Acid.

Ursolic acid, a plant-derived pentacyclic triterpenoid with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and other bioactive properties, holds significant potential for use in nutritional supplements and drug development. However, its extraction from medicinal plants is inefficient due to low yield and dependence on seasonality and geography. Herein, we use modular metabolic engineering to enhance ursolic acid production in by dividing the biosynthetic pathway into five modules.

Arthroscopic-assisted uniportal spinal surgery for treatment of lumbar burst fractures complicated with neurological symptoms: a case report.

Lumbar burst fractures account for 21% to 58% of all thoracolumbar fractures. L5 lumbar burst fractures are rare, comprising 1.2% of spinal burst fractures.

Predicting the risk of bone metastases in patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer - Development and validation of a nomogram model.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a nomogram model that predicts the risk of bone metastasis (BM) in a prostate cancer (PCa) population.

Methods: We retrospectively collected and analyzed the clinical data of patients with pathologic diagnosis of PCa from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2022 in two hospitals in Yangzhou, China. Patients from the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University were divided into a training set and patients from the Affiliated Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Yangzhou University were divided into a validation set.

IL-34 aggravates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by upregulating the HMGB1-IL-17A-IL-6 axis through the JAK signaling pathway.

Interleukin-34 (IL-34) was recently reported to be a new biomarker for atherosclerosis diseases, such as coronary artery disease and vascular dementia. IL-34 regulates the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-17A, IL-1 and IL-6), which are classical cytokines involved in myocardial ischemia‒reperfusion (MI/R) injury. However, the exact role of IL-34 in MI/R remains unknown.

Violet-Light-Induced Ring-Opening of Anthranils with Chlorodiazirines.

A violet-light-induced ring-opening of anthranils with chlorodiazirines has been developed. The metal-free protocol provides a rapid and efficient approach to -(2-carbonylaryl)benzamides in moderate to good yields under mild conditions. The reaction appears to involve α-chlorocarbenes, which trigger the ring-opening of anthranils.

Interplay between Skeletal Muscle Catabolism and Remodeling of Arteriovenous Fistula via YAP1 Signaling.

Background: Arteriovenous (AV) fistulas are the preferred access for dialysis but have a high incidence of failure. This study aims to understand the crosstalk between skeletal muscle catabolism and AV fistula maturation failure.

Methods: Skeletal muscle metabolism and AV fistula maturation were evaluated in mice with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Ultrasound-Activated Copper Matrix Nanosonosensitizer for Cuproptosis-Based Synergy Therapy.

Cuproptosis exhibits enormous application prospects in treatment. However, cuproptosis-based therapy is impeded by the limited intracellular copper ions, the nonspecific delivery, uncontrollable release, and chelation of endogenous overproduced glutathione (GSH). In this work, an ultrasound-triggered nanosonosensitizer (p-TiO-Cu(I)) was constructed for Cu(I) delivery, on-demand release, GSH consumption, and deeper tissue response.

Composition Conversion-Induced Disassembly of Amphiphilic ABA Triblock Copolymer Vesicles: A Monte Carlo Study.

The composition conversion in block copolymer induced by external stimuli such as light and pH is an effective strategy to trigger the disassembly of vesicles experimentally. Based on this strategy, the disassembly behavior of the ABA triblock copolymer vesicle induced by the composition conversion from B block to C block was studied using Monte Carlo simulation. In this study, a part of the B block in the ABA triblock copolymer was converted to the new block C with weaker hydrophobicity, forming the ABCA tetrablock copolymer.

Proximity-Induced Superconductivity in Ferromagnetic FeGeTe and Josephson Tunneling through a van der Waals Heterojunction.

Synergy between superconductivity and ferromagnetism may offer great opportunities in nondissipative spintronics and topological quantum computing. Yet at the microscopic level, the exchange splitting of the electronic states responsible for ferromagnetism is inherently incompatible with the spin-singlet nature of conventional superconducting Cooper pairs. Here, we exploit the recently discovered van der Waals ferromagnets as enabling platforms with marvelous controllability to unravel the myth between ferromagnetism and superconductivity.

Decoding the genetic blueprint: regulation of key agricultural traits in sorghum.

Sorghum, the fifth most important crop globally, thrives in challenging environments such as arid, saline-alkaline, and infertile regions. This remarkable crop, one of the earliest crops domesticated by humans, offers high biomass and stress-specific properties that render it suitable for a variety of uses including food, feed, bioenergy, and biomaterials. What's truly exciting is the extensive phenotypic variation in sorghum, particularly in traits related to growth, development, and stress resistance.

Mining microbial and metabolic dark matter in extreme environments: a roadmap for harnessing the power of multi-omics data.

Extreme environments such as hyperarid, hypersaline, hyperthermal environments, and the deep sea harbor diverse microbial communities, which are specially adapted to extreme conditions and are known as extremophiles. These extremophilic organisms have developed unique survival strategies, making them ideal models for studying microbial diversity, evolution, and adaptation to adversity. They also play critical roles in biogeochemical cycles.

Effects of water ammonia nitrogen on hemolymph and intestinal microbiota of Litopenaeus vannamei.

Ammonia stress was detrimental to shrimp, but how water ammonia nitrogen (ammonia-N) influences the shrimp's health remains unclear. Thus, this study was designed to investigate the effects of water ammonia-N on hemolymph ammonia-N concentration, hepatopancreas structure, and the intestinal microbiota of Litopenaeus vannamei with four experiments. We found that the concentration of ammonia-N in shrimp hemolymph was significantly higher than that in pond water, indicating that water ammonia-N stimulates the accumulation of hemolymph ammonia-N.

Serine Hydrolase-Catalyzed Polyol Lipids are Necessary for Rodlet Layer Formation on the Cell Wall of Entomopathogenic Fungi.

Some key secondary metabolism genes are important for driving the infection process of entomopathogenic fungi; however, their chemical substance basis has not been well investigated. Here, mixtures of polyol lipids are discovered, which are synthesized through iterative chain transfer-esterification-hydrolysis cycles catalyzed by serine hydrolase during the release of online highly reducing polyketide intermediates. Importantly, an gene knockout experiment revealed that the synthesis of polyol lipids is necessary for rodlet layer formation on the cell wall of .

Rapid Electrochemical Uranium Extraction from Real Seawater via the Intermediate of Vacancy-Trapped Isolated Uranyl.

Electrochemical uranium extraction from seawater is a vital project for the sustainable development of the nuclear industry, which requires selective intrinsic binding sites for uranyl. In this work, oxygen vacancies (O vacancies) were developed as an atomically identified confinement for uranyl, and thus, rapid uranium extraction from seawater was achieved. In a short period of 700 s, InO nanosheets with rich O vacancies (V-rich InO nanosheets) exhibited a high extraction efficiency of 88.

Omnidirectionally Stretchable Spin-Valve Sensor Array with Stable Giant Magnetoresistance Performance.

Flexible magnetic sensors, which have advantages such as deformability, vector field sensing, and noncontact detection, are an important branch of flexible electronics and have significant applications in fields such as magnetosensitive electronic skin. Human skin surfaces have complicated deformations, which pose a demand for magnetic sensors that can withstand omnidirectional strain while maintaining stable performance. However, existing flexible magnetic sensor arrays can only withstand stretching along specific directions and are prone to failure under complicated deformations.

Unique hierarchical NiFe-LDH/Ni/NiCoS heterostructure arrays on nickel foam for the improvement of overall water splitting activity.

The development of environmentally friendly, high-efficiency, stable, earth-abundant and non-precious metal-based electrocatalysts with fast kinetics and low overpotential for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is of exceeding significance but still challenging. Herein, a bifunctional electrode of unique hierarchical NiFe-LDH/Ni/NiCoS/NF (NiFe-LDH = nickel-iron layered double hydroxide and NF = nickel foam) electrocatalytic architecture, which is built up from NiFe-LDH nanosheets, Ni nanoparticles and NiCoS nanoneedles sequentially arrayed on a porous NF substrate, has been prepared by a facile hydrothermal and electrodeposition method. This electrocatalytic architecture is binder-free and its outer NiFe-LDH nanosheets can effectively prevent the oxidation of inner Ni nanoparticles and corrosion of NiCoS nanoneedles during water electrolysis.

Direct repeat region 3' end modifications regulate Cas12a activity and expand its applications.

CRISPR-Cas12a technology has transformative potential, but as its applications grow, enhancing its inherent functionalities is essential to meet diverse demands. Here, we reveal a regulatory mechanism for LbCas12a through direct repeat (DR) region 3' end modifications and de-modifications, which can regulate LbCas12a's cis- and trans-cleavage activities. We extensively explored the effects of introducing phosphorylation, DNA, photo-cleavable linker, DNA modifications at the DR 3' end on LbCas12a's functionality.

sp. nov., a new hyphomycete from desertified rocky soil in southwest China.

Two strains of , identified based on morphology and phylogenetic analysis, were isolated from rocky desertification soils in Yunnan province. Phylogenetic analyses inferred from three loci (the internal transcribed spacer of the nuclear ribosomal RNA gene, β-tubulin and RNA polymerase II second-largest subunit) showed that the two strains formed a single clade and were introduced as a new species of , is characterized by having ampulliform or broadly fusiform conidiogenous cells and dark olivaceous-green, oblong-ellipsoidal conidia. Phylogenetically, is most closely related to , but it distinguishes the latter by longer and narrower conidia.

Highly Efficient Biosynthesis of Rebaudioside M9 through Enzyme Screening and Structure-Guided Engineering.

Steviol glycosides (SGs) are highly valued for their sweetness, safety, and zero calories, but their bitter taste and low solubility limit their application. Modifying glycosyl units is a promising strategy to improve sensory qualities. In this study, we identified the enzyme UGT94E13 through phylogenetic analysis and enzyme screening, which catalyzes the glycosylation of rebaudioside M2 (Reb M2) at the C-13 position, producing the novel β-1,6--glycosylated product rebaudioside M9 (Reb M9).

Standardization of Subcutaneous Injection of Prefilled Anticoagulants Through Lean Six Sigma Management: A Before-After Study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the Lean Six Sigma management approach on the standardization of nurses' prefilled anticoagulant subcutaneous injection practices, with a focus on improving anticoagulation outcomes, reducing patient complications, and enhancing overall patient satisfaction.

Background: The lack of standards for prefilled anticoagulant injection has resulted in a high complication rate, decreased patient satisfaction, and diminished service quality. This study investigated the impact of the Lean Six Sigma management approach on the standardization of nurses' prefilled anticoagulant subcutaneous injection practices.

A Supramolecular Fluorescent Chemosensor Enabling Specific and Rapid Quantification of Norepinephrine Dynamics.

Host-guest supramolecular fluorescence probes have garnered significant attention in the detection and sensing of bioactive molecules due to their functionalization potential, adjustable physical properties, and high specificity. However, such probes that reliably, rapidly, and specifically measure neurotransmitter dynamics at the cellular and in vivo level have yet to be reported. Herein, we present a supramolecular fluorescent chemosensor designed for norepinephrine (NE) detection, showing an exceptional response and specificity through host-guest complexation.

Aptamer-Modified TiCT MXene Fluorescent Nanoprobe for Monitoring ATP and GTP during a Mild-Photothermal-Activated Nucleolar Stress Process in Living Cells.

Understanding the molecular energy metabolism of single cells in the nucleolus stress response induced by mild-photothermal therapy (mPTT) is of great importance for investigating the photothermal lethal mechanism. Herein, we successfully fabricated a "turn-on"-type fluorescent nanoprobe based on the fluorescently labeled aptamers (FAM-ATP-apt and Cy3-GTP-apt) and TiCT MXene. When the adapters on the nanoprobes bonded to intracellular ATP and GTP, the fluorescence of the nanoprobes was restored.