Perceptions of Illness Control, Coherence, and Self-Efficacy Following a Web-Based Lifestyle Program for Multiple Sclerosis: A Qualitative Analysis of Semistructured Interviews.

Background: Evidence suggests that illness perceptions held by people living with multiple sclerosis (MS) impact affective distress and physical health outcomes. In a randomized controlled trial, we developed 2 MS Online Courses-the standard care course and the intervention course (IC). The IC was adapted from an evidence-based lifestyle program.

Electrophysiological Phenotype-Genotype Study of Sustained Monomorphic Ventricular Tachycardia in Inherited, High Arrhythmic Risk, Left Ventricular Cardiomyopathy.

Background: Among inherited cardiomyopathies involving the left ventricle, whether dilated or not, certain genotypes carry a well-established arrhythmic risk, notably manifested as sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (SMVT). Nonetheless, the precise localization and electrophysiological profile of this substrate remain undisclosed across different genotypes.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with cardiomyopathy and left ventricle involvement due to high-risk genetic variants and SMVT treated by electrophysiological study were recruited from 18 European/US centers.

Anyone can cook, but only the fearless can be a great chef.

Role models play a crucial role in inspiring and guiding careers in science, offering tangible examples of success and resilience. Reflecting on my journey from a small town in southern Chile to leading a lab at Karolinska Institutet, I've learned that relatable role models are particularly impactful for overcoming imposter syndrome and fostering a sense of belonging in academia. Early in my career, I drew inspiration from peers and mentors, gradually building my confidence and embracing my strengths.

Publicly available continuously updated topic specific databases of randomised clinical trials: A scoping review.

Conducting systematic reviews of clinical trials is arduous and resource consuming. One potential solution is to design databases that are continuously and automatically populated with clinical trial data from harmonised and structured datasets. We aimed to map publicly available, continuously updated, topic-specific databases of randomised clinical trials (RCTs).

Safety and Efficacy of Half-dose and Half-fluence Photodynamic Therapy in Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Purpose: To investigate the comparative efficacy and safety of half-dose photodynamic therapy (PDT) and half-fluence PDT in the management of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted on Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, covering publications from January 2000 to March 2024.

Twice-Yearly Lenacapavir for HIV Prevention in Men and Gender-Diverse Persons.

Background: Twice-yearly subcutaneous lenacapavir has been shown to be efficacious for prevention of HIV infection in cisgender women. The efficacy of lenacapavir for preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in cisgender men, transgender women, transgender men, and gender-nonbinary persons is unclear.

Methods: In this phase 3, double-blind, randomized, active-controlled trial, we randomly assigned participants in a 2:1 ratio to receive subcutaneous lenacapavir every 26 weeks or daily oral emtricitabine-tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (F/TDF).

Regional Metabolic Abnormalities in Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Meta-analysis of 498 Cases With Brain FDG PET.

Purpose: Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is a group of conditions that are insufficiently understood and difficult to diagnose. Several publications indicate that FDG PET has superior sensitivity compared with MRI. This study aimed to perform a systematic review of publications to assess the characteristics and frequency of brain FDG PET compared with MRI findings at the individual level in AIE, including case reports and case series.

Correction: Silva, P.J. Computational Development of Inhibitors of Plasmid-Borne Bacterial Dihydrofolate Reductase. 2022, , 779.

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Insights into Medication-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Through the Application of Salivary Proteomics and Bioinformatics.

Long-term treatment with bisphosphonates is accompanied by an increased risk of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). Currently, no clinically useful biomarkers for the predictive diagnosis of MRONJ are available. To investigate the potential key proteins involved in the pathogenesis of MRONJ, a proteomic LC-MS/MS analysis of saliva was performed.

Estimating the Number of Polygenic Diseases Among Six Mutually Exclusive Entities of Non-Tumors and Cancer.

In the era of precision medicine with increasing amounts of sequenced cancer and non-cancer genomes of different ancestries, we here enumerate the resulting polygenic disease entities. Based on the cell number status, we first identified six fundamental types of polygenic illnesses, five of which are non-cancerous. Like complex, non-tumor disorders, neoplasms normally carry alterations in multiple genes, including in 'Drivers' and 'Passengers'.

Discovery of RNA Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer Using Cross-Platform Transcriptomics.

Microarray and Single-Molecule Molecular Inversion Probe (smMIP)-based targeted RNA sequencing are two RNA profiling platforms for identifying disease-associated biomarkers. The microarray uses a GeneChip array with oligonucleotide probes to measure expression levels across thousands of genes, while smMIPs capture and quantify RNA transcripts and transcript variants via next-generation sequencing. To evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of both platforms, a comparative gene expression profiling study was conducted using RNA samples from 52 prostate tissues (normal, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and various prostate cancer (PCa) grades).

Molecular Profiling of Mouse Models of Loss or Gain of Function of the KCNT1 (Slack) Potassium Channel and Antisense Oligonucleotide Treatment.

The potassium sodium-activated channel subtype T member 1 () gene encodes the Slack channel K1.1, which is expressed in neurons throughout the brain. Gain-of-function variants in are associated with a spectrum of epilepsy syndromes, and mice carrying those variants exhibit a robust phenotype similar to that observed in patients.

Prospective Screening of Cancer Syndromes in Patients with Mesenchymal Tumors.

Background: The etiology of most mesenchymal tumors is unknown, and knowledge about syndromes with an increased risk of tumors in bone or soft tissue is sparse.

Methods: We present a prospective germline analysis of 312 patients with tumors suspected of being sarcomas at a tertiary sarcoma center. Germline and tumor whole genome sequencing, tumor transcriptome, and methylome analyses were performed.

SOD1 Is an Integral Yet Insufficient Oxidizer of Hydrogen Sulfide in Trisomy 21 B Lymphocytes and Can Be Augmented by a Pleiotropic Carbon Nanozyme.

Down syndrome (DS) is a multisystemic disorder that includes accelerated aging caused by trisomy 21. In particular, overexpression of cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) is linked to excess intracellular hydrogen sulfide (HS), a mitochondrial toxin at higher concentrations, which impairs cellular viability. Concurrent overexpression of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) may increase oxidative stress by generating excess hydrogen peroxide (HO) while also mitigating the toxic HS burden via a non-canonical sulfide-oxidizing mechanism.

Exploration of New Drug Candidate Derived from Antioxidants of Korean Native Halophytes: Control of with Antipathogenic Activity.

The rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria poses a significant challenge to the treatment of bacterial infections, necessitating the development of novel antibiotics or strategies to preserve the efficacy of existing ones. This study investigates the role of oxidative stress modulation in the pathogenicity of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strains, aiming to identify potential avenues for new drug design. Specifically, the anti-biofilm effects of crude extracts and fractions from seven halophyte species native to Jeju Island, South Korea, were evaluated against ATCC 17978.

Tetracalcium Phosphate/Monetite/Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate Biocement for Alveolar Bone Augmentation After Tooth Extraction in Pig Mandible.

A tetracalcium phosphate/monetite/calcium sulfate hemihydrate powder cement mixture (CAS) in the form of a paste was used as a socket preservative to prevent alveolar ridge resorption after the extraction of the second premolar tooth in the mandible of a pig model. During the post-surgery period, the animals were monitored daily. No signs of inflammation, infection, or other complications were observed in the defect site for six months.

Low-dose tamoxifen treatment reduces collagen organisation indicative of tissue stiffness in the normal breast: results from the KARISMA randomised controlled trial.

Background: Tissue stiffness, dictated by organisation of interstitial fibrillar collagens, increases breast cancer risk and contributes to cancer progression. Tamoxifen is a standard treatment for receptor-positive breast cancer and is also aproved for primary prevention. We investigated the effect of tamoxifen and its main metabolites on the breast tissue collagen organisation as a proxy for stiffness and explored the relationship between mammographic density (MD) and collagen organisation.

Conjoint analysis of methylation, transcriptomic, and proteomic profiles in pemphigus vulgaris.

Background: The underlying pathogenesis of pemphigus vulgaris, an autoimmune skin disorder, remains incompletely understood. An integrative analysis comprising DNA methylation, mRNA expression, and proteomic data in patients with pemphigus vulgaris was conducted to identify potential pathogenic contributors and explore the molecular mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis.

Results: The analysis revealed differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in the promoter, exon, intron, and downstream regions in the peripheral blood DNA of patients with pemphigus vulgaris.

Engineering of LOV-domains for their use as protein tags.

Light-Oxygen-Voltage (LOV) domains are the protein-based light switches used in nature to trigger and regulate various processes. They allow light signals to be converted into metabolic signaling cascades. Various LOV-domain proteins have been characterized in the last few decades and have been used to develop light-sensitive tools in cell biology research.

A Pharmacokinetic and Bioavailability Study of Phlorotannins Following Intravenous and Oral Administration in Sprague-Dawley Rats.

This study examines the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of phlorotannins from in rats following intravenous and oral administration. Known for their potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and many other bioactivities, these phlorotannins, particularly dieckol, 8,8'-bieckol, and phlorofucofuroeckol-A (PFF-A), were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Intravenous administration at 10 mg/kg allowed detectability in plasma for up to 36 h for dieckol and 8,8'-bieckol, but only 2 h for PFF-A.