1,483 results match your criteria: "PES Institute of Medical Sciences & Research[Affiliation]"

HSF1 is a prognostic determinant and therapeutic target in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

J Exp Clin Cancer Res

September 2024

Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, via P. Manzella 4, Sassari, 07100, Italy.

Article Synopsis
  • Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a highly aggressive liver cancer with poor treatment options, prompting research into new therapies targeting the Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1) transcription factor.
  • Studies showed that HSF1 levels are significantly elevated in various stages of iCCA and correlate with worse patient outcomes, while inhibiting HSF1 delayed tumor development in mouse models.
  • The HSF1 inhibitor KRIBB-11 was effective in slowing iCCA cell growth, inducing cell death, and reducing key metabolic functions in cancer cells, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic avenue.
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Evaluation of molecular interaction between intercellular lipid organization in human stratum corneum and terpenes using time-resolved synchrotron X-ray diffraction.

Chem Phys Lipids

November 2024

Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Department of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, the Medical Frontier Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kita Ando, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka, Japan.

The stratum corneum (SC) presents certain limitations for topical administration of medication, which can be overcome using penetration enhancers (PEs) such as terpene (TP). The SC is also crucial for maintaining the skin barrier and consists of two lamellar structures: the short periodicity phase (SPP) and long periodicity phase (LPP). In this study, we monitored changes in the X-ray diffraction peaks of the human SC, 30 min after TP application (neroridol, 1,8-cineol, and d-limonene).

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Postpartum rehabilitation plays a crucial role in promoting maternal health and well-being following childbirth. This systematic review aims to explore recent trends and advancements in postpartum rehabilitation interventions across various categories. A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed and Embase databases, yielding a total of 358 search results.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the chondrogenic potential of chondrocyte transplants cultured in vitro on polyethersulfone (PES) membranes. Forty-eight rabbits (96 knee joints) were used in the project. The synthetic, macro-porous PES membranes were used as scaffolds.

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One of the fundamental mechanisms developed by the host to contain the highly infectious and rapidly proliferating SARS-coronavirus is elevation of body temperature, a natural fallout of which is heat shock proteins over-expression. Here, for the first time, we demonstrate that the SARS-CoV-2 exploits the host Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) chaperone for its entry and propagation, and blocking it can combat the infection. SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as febrile temperature enhanced Hsp70 expression in host Vero E6 cells.

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Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a complex congenital heart defect (CHD) characterized by a spectrum of underdeveloped left-sided cardiac structures. It is a serious defect and warrants either 3-staged surgical palliation or a heart transplant. Despite numerous surgical advancements, long-term outcomes remain challenging and still have significant morbidity and mortality.

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Predictors of pharyngeal electrical stimulation treatment success in tracheotomised stroke patients with dysphagia: Secondary analysis from PHADER cohort study.

Neurotherapeutics

September 2024

Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignal Analysis, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany. Electronic address:

Pharyngeal electrical stimulation (PES) has emerged as a promising intervention for neurogenic dysphagia, with potential benefits in reducing dysphagia severity in stroke patients. PES may facilitate decannulation in tracheotomised stroke patients with dysphagia, yet the predictive factors for treatment success have not been investigated in detail. This study used data from the PHAryngeal electrical stimulation for treatment of neurogenic Dysphagia European Registry (PHADER) study to identify predictive factors for PES treatment success among patients with post stroke dysphagia who required mechanical ventilation and tracheotomy.

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Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a global pregnancy concern, characterized by hypertension with an unclear etiology. This study employs Mendelian randomization (MR) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to clarify its genetic and molecular roots, offering insights into diagnosis and treatment avenues.

Methods: We integrated PE-specific genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, expression and protein quantitative trait loci (eQTL and pQTL) data, and single-cell data from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).

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In vivo comparative assessments on pleural adhesive effects of three commercially available sealants.

JTCVS Tech

August 2024

Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Objective: Surgical sealant, which is used for the reinforcement of suture lines, has been widely used in lung-resection surgeries with the aim of reducing postoperative morbidity; however, it may exacerbate surgical-site adhesion, creating the risks of restrictive thoracic movement and a difficult entrance for redo operation. We aimed to assess the pleural adhesive effects of 3 frequently used surgical sealants, (1) fibrin glue (fibrin), (2) a composite of polyethylene glycol and human serum albumin (PEG/HSA), and (3) bioabsorbable polyglycolic acid felt (PGA), in an in vivo setting.

Methods: Eighty-one rats were randomly assigned to 3 experimental groups-fibrin, PEG/HSA, and PGA.

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Blood donation, a fundamental act of altruism, has undergone significant evolution over the centuries. Despite medical progress, the persistent challenge lies in securing an adequate supply of blood and its derivatives. This article critically examines the proposal to introduce monetary incentives for blood donation, delving into ethical, legal, and pragmatic dimensions.

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Regarding medico-legal malpractice suits, lawyers and insurers focus on informed consent documentation. Unfortunately, there is no standard protocol for obtaining informed consent for platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections. The objective of the present study was to create a pre-designed, evidence-based informed consent form specifically for PRP injections.

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High-sensitivity flow cytometers have been developed for multi-parameter characterization of single extracellular vesicles (EVs), but performance varies among instruments and calibration methods. Here we compare the characterization of identical (split) EV samples derived from human colorectal cancer (DiFi) cells by three high-sensitivity flow cytometers, two commercial instruments, CytoFLEX/CellStream, and a custom single-molecule flow cytometer (SMFC). DiFi EVs were stained with the membrane dye di-8-ANEPPS and with PE-conjugated anti-EGFR or anti-tetraspanin (CD9/CD63/CD81) antibodies for estimation of EV size and surface protein copy numbers.

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MALDI Imaging Mass Spectrometry Reveals Lipid Alterations in Physiological and Sertoli Cell-Only Syndrome Human Testicular Tissue Sections.

Int J Mol Sci

July 2024

Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary.

Azoospermia, the absence of sperm cells in semen, affects around 15% of infertile males. Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCOS) is the most common pathological lesion in the background of non-obstructive azoospermia and is characterised by the complete absence of germinal epithelium, with Sertoli cells exclusively present in the seminiferous tubules. Studies have shown a correlation between successful spermatogenesis and male fertility with lipid composition of spermatozoa, semen, seminal plasma or testis.

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(1) Introduction: Diagnostic ureteroscopy (URS) is an important component in the workup of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). Whether URS was associated with increased recurrence in the bladder was not fully concluded. The current study aimed to evaluate the implication of URS on the incidences of intravesical recurrence following radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) in non-metastatic UTUC patients without prior history of bladder cancer via multi-institutional data.

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Introduction: Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious pregnancy-related complication caused by high blood pressure in pregnant women. The severe form has more devastating effects. According to the growing evidence, the placenta is a crucial component in the pathogenesis of PE, and eliminating it will alleviate symptoms.

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Performance of formulas included in the ESCRS intraocular lens power calculator.

J Cataract Refract Surg

December 2024

From the Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland (Skrzypecki); Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (Koch, Wang).

Purpose: To compare the refractive prediction errors (PEs) of formulas included in the ESCRS intraocular lens (IOL) power calculator to aid in informed decisions on IOL power selection based on the output of this tool.

Setting: Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.

Design: Retrospective case-series.

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Global and multi-partition local network analysis of scalp EEG in West syndrome before and after treatment.

Neural Netw

November 2024

Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310006, China. Electronic address:

West syndrome is an epileptic disease that seriously affects the normal growth and development of infants in early childhood. Based on the methods of brain topological network and graph theory, this article focuses on three clinical states of patients before and after treatment. In addition to discussing bidirectional and unidirectional global networks from the perspective of computational principles, a more in-depth analysis of local intra-network and inter-network characteristics of multi-partitioned networks is also performed.

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Objectives: Parents of children diagnosed with severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss may experience a range of emotions owing to a lack of knowledge and experience in dealing with such children. However, most audiology clinics only attend to children with deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) and not their parents. Thus, parents' emotional and support needs are frequently excluded from the intervention sessions, making their own needs invisible.

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Article Synopsis
  • * By testing ten pairs of human cadaveric feet, researchers found that while both arches affect the collapse of the longitudinal arch and forefoot abduction, the MLA has a stronger influence compared to the TTA.
  • * The results highlight that although weakness in the TTA significantly impacts certain aspects of PCFD, it doesn't surpass the influence of the MLA, which may inform better treatment approaches for flatfoot conditions.
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Pulmonary embolisms (PEs) are obstructions of the pulmonary arteries by thrombi, which are emboli and they most frequently originate from the deep venous system of the inferior limbs. Emboli can also come from the inferior vena cava, abdominal and pelvic veins, or the upper body venous system from the right atrium or ventricle of the heart. Thrombi can form inside pulmonary arteries as well.

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Background: Prevalence of pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients referred to diagnostic imaging is decreasing, indicating a need for improving patient selection. The aim of this study was to assess reduction in referral to diagnostic imaging by integrating a bespoke ultrasound protocol and describe associated failure rate and adverse events in patients with suspected PE.

Methods: In a randomized open-label multicentre trial spanning June 18, 2021, through Feb 1, 2023, adult patients with suspected PE and 1) a Wells score of 0-6 and elevated age-adjusted D-dimer or 2) Wells score >6 were randomly assigned 1:1 to direct diagnostic imaging (controls) or focused lung, cardiac, and deep venous ultrasound by unblinded investigators.

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PD-L1 siRNA hitched polyethyleneimine-elastase constituting nanovesicle induces tumor immunogenicity and PD-L1 silencing for synergistic antitumor immunotherapy.

J Nanobiotechnology

July 2024

The Center for Clinical Molecular Medical Detection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.

Background: PD-1/PD-L1 blockade has become a powerful method to treat malignant tumors. However, a large proportion of patients still do not benefit from this treatment, due to low tumor immunogenicity and low tumor penetration of the agents. Recently, neutrophil elastase has been shown to induce robust tumor immunogenicity, while the insufficient enzyme activity at the tumor site restricted its anti-tumor application.

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Background: There is limited literature investigating the catecholamine levels in patients with paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The primary objective of this study was to correlate the severity of PSH (assessed using the PSH-Assessment measure [AM]) with plasma catecholamine levels at a resting state.

Methods: In this prospective case-control study, blood samples for epinephrine and norepinephrine estimation were obtained at rest on three consecutive days, only for 'cases' of PSH after severe TBI (s-TBI) and for control patients (matched for age, gender, and Glasgow coma scale [GCS].

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Aberrant upregulation of fatty acid synthase (FASN), catalyzing de novo synthesis of fatty acids, occurs in various tumor types, including human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although FASN oncogenic activity seems to reside in its pro-lipogenic function, cumulating evidence suggests that FASN's tumor-supporting role might also be metabolic-independent. : In the present study, we show that FASN inactivation by specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) promoted the downregulation of the S-phase kinase associated-protein kinase 2 (SKP2) and the consequent induction of p27 in HCC cell lines.

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For more than a century, physicians have searched for ways to pharmacologically reduce excess body fat. The tide has finally turned with recent advances in biochemically engineered agonists for the receptor of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and their use in GLP-1-based polyagonists. These polyagonists reduce body weight through complementary pharmacology by incorporating the receptors for glucagon and/or the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP).

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