Successful Management of Elizabethkingia meningoseptica Meningitis with Intraventricular Vancomycin.

Elizabethkingia meningoseptica, formerly Chryseobacterium meningosepticum usually causes neonatal meningitis and is a rare cause of nosocomial meningitis in adults. E. meningoseptica is resistant to most antibiotics, and the use of inactive drugs as empirical therapy may contribute to poor outcome in many patients.

Pioneers in Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.

"If we are not careful, we soon will be in the post-antibiotic era, and for some patients and some microbes we are already there"- Tom Friedan Antibiotics revolutionized medicine in the 20th century. The era of antibacterial chemotherapy began in 1907 with the discovery of arsphenamine, first synthesized by Alferd Bertheim and Paul Ehrlich in 1907, used to treat syphilis. The first systemically active antibiotic, Prontosil was discovered in 1933 by Gerhard Domagk, for which he was awarded the 1939 Nobel Prize.

The Concepts that Revolutionized the Field of Infectious Diseases.

The fields of Microbiology and Infectious diseases have developed tremendously in the 19th and the 20th centuries. Four revolutionary concepts that evolved during this period form the cornerstones on which these fields have developed further.

Clinicopathological Analysis and Multipronged Quantitative Proteomics Reveal Oxidative Stress and Cytoskeletal Proteins as Possible Markers for Severe Vivax Malaria.

In Plasmodium vivax malaria, mechanisms that trigger transition from uncomplicated to fatal severe infections are obscure. In this multi-disciplinary study we have performed a comprehensive analysis of clinicopathological parameters and serum proteome profiles of vivax malaria patients with different severity levels of infection to investigate pathogenesis of severe malaria and identify surrogate markers of severity. Clinicopathological analysis and proteomics profiling has provided evidences for the modulation of diverse physiological pathways including oxidative stress, cytoskeletal regulation, lipid metabolism and complement cascades in severe malaria.

Diagnostic accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Parkinsonism Index in differentiating progressive supranuclear palsy from Parkinson's disease and controls in Indian patients.

Aims And Objectives: An assessment of the sensitivity and specificity of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging measurements of midbrain, pons, middle cerebellar peduncles (MCPs), and superior cerebellar peduncles (SCPs) and MR Parkinsonism Index (MRPI) in differentiating progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) from Parkinson's disease (PD) and controls was performed. The correlation of these MR imaging measurements with the duration and severity of disease in the Indian patients using the PSP rating scale (PSPRS) was also performed.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-six consecutive patients were enrolled in this study, satisfying the diagnostic criteria by the National Institute for Neurological Disorders and Stroke, and the Society for PSP (NINDS-SPSP), along with 13 PD and 30 control patients.

India: not a country to die in.

This commentary addresses the issue of disproportionate medical interventions for end-of-life patients. A complex mix of sociocultural and medical factors, against the backdrop of the legal milieu, has an impact on the quality of death. The barriers to appropriate end-of-life and palliative care in India are multilayered and not easy to dismantle.

Manubriosternal dislocation with spinal fracture: A rare cause for delayed haemothorax.

Type 2 manubriosternal dislocations with concomitant spinal fracture are rare and may be associated with thoracic visceral injuries. The complication of delayed haemothorax has not been reported yet. We report a case of a young male who suffered manubriosternal dislocation with chance type thoracic spine fracture due to fall of a tree branch over his back.

Accuracy of a real-time continuous glucose monitoring system in children with septic shock: A pilot study.

Aims: The aim of this prospective, observational study was to determine the accuracy of a real-time continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) in children with septic shock.

Subjects And Methods: Children aged 30 days to 18 years admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit with septic shock were included. A real-time CGMS sensor was used to obtain interstitial glucose readings.

Determination of MICs of levofloxacin for Mycobacterium tuberculosis with gyrA mutations.

The purpose of the present study was to correlate gyrA mutations found in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates using the GenoType(®) MTBDRsl assay with minimum inhibitory concentrations of the fluoroquinolone levofloxacin (LVX). Of 123 archived clinical M. tuberculosis isolates evaluated, 93 isolates had an Ala90Val, Ser91Pro, Asp94Ala, Asn/Tyr, Gly or His mutation and 30 were wild-type.

Partial Manifestation of Anti-NMDA-R Encephalitis with Predominant Movement Disorder.

Childhood anti--methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R) antibody encephalitis is a well-recognized autoimmune encephalitis presenting typically with a combination of varied movement disorders, seizures, mutism, behavioral and sleep disturbances, and autonomic changes. Monosymptomatic or incomplete forms of the disorder are rare, but have recently been reported. Here, we describe 2 children with nonparaneoplastic anti-NMDA-R encephalitis with partial presentation in the form of movement disorder and minor behavioral changes.

Type 1 diabetes: Awareness, management and challenges: Current scenario in India.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has a wide presence in children and has a high mortality rates. The disease, if left unmanaged, poses various challenges to the patient and healthcare providers, including development of diabetic complications and thus decreasing the life expectancy of the affected child. The challenges of T1DM include awareness of the disease that is very poor among the general public and also in parents of T1DM children along with the health care professionals.

Improved pulmonary function following pirfenidone treatment in a patient with progressive interstitial lung disease associated with systemic sclerosis.

Pirfenidone is an anti-fibrotic drug which has been approved for the management of patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). However, its role in interstitial lung disease (ILD) due to other causes such as systemic sclerosis (SSc) is not clear. We present a case of a patient with SSc associated ILD who showed a subjective as well as objective improvement in lung function with pirfenidone.

Non-surgical management of cord compression in tuberculosis: a series of surprises.

Study Design: Prospective study.

Purpose: We present a series of 50 patients with tuberculous cord compression who were offered systematic non-surgical treatment, and thereby, the author proposes that clinico-radiological soft tissue cord compression is not an emergency indication for surgery.

Overview Of Literature: Spinal cord compression whether clinical or radiological has usually been believed to be an indication for emergency surgery in spinal tuberculosis.

Cystic fibrosis in India: a systematic review.

Objectives: CF, caused due to abnormal transport of chloride, sodium and bicarbonate ions across epithelial cell membranes, is a multi-organ disorder. More than 1000 mutations causing CF, have been identified in the CFTR gene, of which AF508 is the most severe, predominant mutation. However, data on CF in India is limited.