Hsa-miR-214-3p inhibits breast cancer cell growth and improves the tumor immune microenvironment by downregulating B7H3.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors play an important role in the treatment of solid tumors, but the currently used immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) show limited clinical efficacy in many breast cancers. B7H3 has been widely reported as an immunosuppressive molecule, but its immunological function in breast cancer patients remains unclear.

Methods: We analyzed the expression of B7H3 in breast cancer samples using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases.

Increasing hub disruption parallels dementia severity in autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease.

Hub regions in the brain, recognized for their roles in ensuring efficient information transfer, are vulnerable to pathological alterations in neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Computational simulations and animal experiments have hinted at the theory of activity-dependent degeneration as the cause of this hub vulnerability. However, two critical issues remain unresolved.

Exploring memory-related network via dorsal hippocampus suppression.

Memory is a complex brain process that requires coordinated activities in a large-scale brain network. However, the relationship between coordinated brain network activities and memory-related behavior is not well understood. In this study, we investigated this issue by suppressing the activity in the dorsal hippocampus (dHP) using chemogenetics and measuring the corresponding changes in brain-wide resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) and memory behavior in awake rats.

Clinicopathological and therapeutic comparisons of esophageal cancer between China and the USA: a multicenter hospital-based study.

Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) remains a global health challenge due to its poor prognosis. China and the United States of America (USA) represent two distinct epicenters of EC burden. Understanding the EC disparities in these two countries is vital for tailoring prevention strategies, optimizing treatment, and enhancing outcomes in both countries.

Decoding aging in the heart via single cell dual omics of non-cardiomyocytes.

To understand heart aging at the single-cell level, we employed single-cell dual omics (scRNA-seq and scATAC-seq) in profiling non-myocytes (non-CMs) from young, middle-aged, and elderly mice. Non-CMs, vital in heart development, physiology, and pathology, are understudied compared to cardiomyocytes. Our analysis revealed aging response heterogeneity and its dynamics over time.

Functional resilience of the neural visual recognition system post-pediatric occipitotemporal resection.

Neural representations for visual stimuli typically emerge with a bilateral distribution across occipitotemporal cortex (OTC)? Pediatric patients undergoing unilateral OTC resection offer an opportunity to evaluate whether representations for visual stimulus individuation can sufficiently develop in a single OTC. Here, we assessed the non-resected hemisphere of patients with pediatric resection within ( = 9) and outside ( = 12) OTC, as well as healthy controls' two hemispheres ( = 21). Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we mapped category selectivity (CS), and representations for visual stimulus individuation (for faces, objects, and words) with repetition suppression (RS).

Transgender and Gender Diverse Patients Are Diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder More Frequently Than Cisgender Patients Regardless of Personality Pathology.

Purpose: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severe form of psychopathology associated with a host of negative outcomes. Some literature suggests elevated prevalence among transgender and gender diverse (TGD) samples. Elevated BPD prevalence among TGD populations could be due to factors other than BPD-specific psychopathology.

Effect of randomized treatment withdrawal of budesonide oral suspension on clinically relevant efficacy outcomes in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis: a post hoc analysis.

Background: Relapse after corticosteroid withdrawal in eosinophilic esophagitis is not well understood.

Objectives: Budesonide oral suspension (BOS) 2.0 mg twice daily (b.

Look above the IRP: predicting abnormal confirmatory testing in patients with esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction.

Background: Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) is a manometric diagnosis based on Chicago Classification version 4.0 (CC4.0) that requires confirmatory testing for clinical relevancy.

Combined Solid Organ Transplant and Transfusion-Associated Graft-Versus-Host Disease in a Lung Transplant Recipient: An Uncertain Culprit With Lethal Complications.

Although graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a common complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, it is rare after solid organ transplantation (SOT) or blood transfusion. We present a rare case of SOT-derived and/or transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GVHD) in a 66-year-old man with interstitial lung disease who underwent bilateral lung transplantation (LT) from a 12-year-old female donor and required three units of packed red blood cells intraoperatively. He presented with signs and symptoms consistent with GVHD, and a bone marrow biopsy revealed an XX karyotype.

Olmesartan-Induced Enteropathy: A Rare Case of Chronic Diarrhea.

The case involves a 63-year-old hypertensive man, taking antihypertensive medication (olmesartan) for the previous two years, who sought medical attention due to voluminous diarrhea, with several episodes per day and weight loss of 10 kg. He was submitted to a series of diagnostic procedures without elucidation and empirical treatment with unsuccessful outcome. After hospitalization for clinical stabilization and for presenting with duodenal atrophy, obtained by duodenal biopsy associated with negative markers for celiac disease, the patient was diagnosed with suspected olmesartan-induced enteropathy, showing rapid improvement of diarrhea after the drug was withdrawn, with weight regain in 6 months and normalization of the duodenal histological picture after 10 months.

A Novel Technique for Femoral Stem Extraction Through the Direct Anterior Approach: The Medial Episiotomy With Anterior Transfemoral Osteotomy.

This report describes a medial calcar episiotomy with partial anterior transfemoral osteotomy of the proximal femur to aid in removal of a femoral component in setting of revision total hip arthroplasty through a direct anterior approach. Revision total hip arthroplasty is challenging, labor-intensive, and carries high complication rates. Previously described techniques such as extended trochanteric osteotomies can be utilized to facilitate removal of fixed femoral stems.

Concomitant Uterine and Bilateral Adnexal Torsion in a Postmenopausal Woman: A Case Report.

Adnexal torsion is a well-recognized gynecologic emergency; however, uterine torsion is less well-known. The majority of uterine torsions occur in gravid uteri; torsion in postmenopausal patients is rare. We report a case of uterine and bilateral adnexal torsion in a postmenopausal woman due to a large leiomyoma.

Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Polyp Size and Surveillance Colonoscopy: A Phantom Study.

Background Artificial intelligence (AI) is a hot topic in the world of medicine. AI may be useful in identifying and sizing polyps, which influence surveillance intervals. Therefore, we examined polyp size estimation by AI using a survey study.

Phase 1b/2 study of orally administered pexidartinib in combination with radiation therapy and temozolomide in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma.

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) has a median survival of <2 years. Pexidartinib (PLX3397) is a small-molecule inhibitor of CSF1R, KIT, and oncogenic FTL3, which are implicated in GBM treatment resistance. Results from glioma models indicate that combining radiation therapy (RT) and pexidartinib reduces radiation resistance.

Empowering healthcare professionals with no-code artificial intelligence platforms for model development, a practical demonstration for pathology.

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning based applications are thought to impact the practice of healthcare by transforming diagnostic patient management approaches. However, domain knowledge, clinical and coding expertise are likely the biggest challenge and a substantial barrier in developing practical AI models. Most informatics and AI experts are not familiar with the nuances in medicine, and most doctors are not efficient coders.

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) With T-Cell Differentiation Arising From Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML).

Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by peripheral blood monocytosis and bone marrow dysplasia. In approximately one-fourth of cases, CMML can demonstrate progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML), referred to as AML ex CMML. We present a 58-year-old woman with a past medical history of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) who demonstrated 24% bone marrow blasts on a repeat biopsy obtained two years after being diagnosed with CMML.

The use of hydrogel microspheres as cell and drug delivery carriers for bone, cartilage, and soft tissue regeneration.

Bone, cartilage, and soft tissue regeneration is a complex process involving many cellular activities across various cell types. Autografts remain the "gold standard" for the regeneration of these tissues. However, the use of autografts is associated with many disadvantages, including donor scarcity, the requirement of multiple surgeries, and the risk of infection.

The role of acetazolamide in critical care and emergency medicine.

Acetazolamide is the commonly prescribed oral and intravenous carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; over the years, its use in clinical practice has decreased in favor of more recent drugs. However, it is a rather handy drug, which can be useful in several clinical settings when managing critically ill patients. The objective of this review is the evaluation of the most recent evidence on the use of acetazolamide in emergency medicine and critical care medicine.

North Atlantic Heat Transport Convergence Derived from a Regional Energy Budget Using Different Ocean Heat Content Estimates.

This study uses an oceanic energy budget to estimate the ocean heat transport convergence in the North Atlantic during 2005-2018. The horizontal convergence of the ocean heat transport is estimated using ocean heat content tendency primarily derived from satellite altimetry combined with space gravimetry. The net surface energy fluxes are inferred from mass-corrected divergence of atmospheric energy transport and tendency of the ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis combined with top-of-the-atmosphere radiative fluxes from the clouds and the Earth's radiant energy system project.

Tppp3 is a novel molecule for retinal ganglion cell identification and optic nerve regeneration.

Mammalian central nervous system (CNS) axons cannot spontaneously regenerate after injury, creating an unmet need to identify molecular regulators to promote axon regeneration and reduce the lasting impact of CNS injuries. While tubulin polymerization promoting protein family member 3 (Tppp3) is known to promote axon outgrowth in amphibians, its role in mammalian axon regeneration remains unknown. Here we investigated Tppp3 in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) neuroprotection and axonal regeneration using an optic nerve crush (ONC) model in the rodent.

Polygenic score distribution differences across European ancestry populations: implications for breast cancer risk prediction.

Background: The 313-variant polygenic risk score (PRS) provides a promising tool for clinical breast cancer risk prediction. However, evaluation of the PRS across different European populations which could influence risk estimation has not been performed.

Methods: We explored the distribution of PRS across European populations using genotype data from 94,072 females without breast cancer diagnosis, of European-ancestry from 21 countries participating in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) and 223,316 females without breast cancer diagnosis from the UK Biobank.

Integrated hepatic transcriptomics and metabolomics identify Pck1 as a key factor in the broad dysregulation induced by vehicle pollutants.

Background: Exposure to air pollution is associated with worldwide morbidity and mortality. Diesel exhaust (DE) emissions are important contributors which induce vascular inflammation and metabolic disturbances by unknown mechanisms. We aimed to determine molecular pathways activated by DE in the liver that could be responsible for its cardiometabolic toxicity.

Yes, We Can! Ensuring That our Graduating Resident's Procedural Skills Meet the Needs of Their Patients.

Objectives: There is a burgeoning discrepancy between the procedural competency of graduating diagnostic radiology residents and the needs of our patient population. The causes of this mismatch and opportunities for improvement are explored by the APDR Procedural Competency of Graduating DR Residents Task Force.

Materials And Methods: The APDR convened a task force consisting of diverse broad stakeholder viewpoints, drawing from organized radiology, academic and private practices.