Challenges and opportunities of acquiring cortical recordings for chronic adaptive deep brain stimulation.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS), a proven treatment for movement disorders, also holds promise for the treatment of psychiatric and cognitive conditions. However, for DBS to be clinically effective, it may require DBS technology that can alter or trigger stimulation in response to changes in biomarkers sensed from the patient's brain. A growing body of evidence suggests that such adaptive DBS is feasible, it might achieve clinical effects that are not possible with standard continuous DBS and that some of the best biomarkers are signals from the cerebral cortex.

A multiparametric screen uncovers FDA-approved small molecules that potentiate the nuclear mechano-dysfunctions in ATR-defective cells.

Targeting nuclear mechanics is emerging as a promising therapeutic strategy for sensitizing cancer cells to immunotherapy. Inhibition of the mechano-sensory kinase ATR leads to mechanical vulnerability of cancer cells, causing nuclear envelope softness and collapse and activation of the cGAS-STING-mediated innate immune response. Finding novel compounds that interfere with the non-canonical role of ATR in controlling nuclear mechanics presents an intriguing therapeutic opportunity.

INTEGRATING RADIOLOGICAL IMAGING TECHNIQUES INTO ANATOMY EDUCATION: MEDICAL TRAINING ENHANCEMANT THROUGH EARLY CT AND MRI TEACHING.

Unlabelled: Brain morphology understanding is essential for radiologists, neurologists, and neurosurgeons. Historically, anatomical learning of brain relied on ex vivo specimens. Modern in vivo brain CT and MRI provide spatial, three-dimensional imaging capabilities crucial to help diagnose diseases, plan surgeries, and monitor treatment progress.

Delivery of Monomethyl Auristatin F to the Tumor Microenvironment with Noninternalizing Fibroblast Activation Protein-Cleavable Small Molecule-Drug Conjugates Elicits Potent Anticancer Activity.

OncoFAP is an ultrahigh affinity ligand of fibroblast activation protein (FAP), a tumor-associated antigen overexpressed in the stroma of the majority of solid tumors. OncoFAP has been previously implemented as a tumor-homing moiety for the development of small molecule drug conjugates (SMDCs). In the same context, the glycine--proline dipeptide was included with the aim to selectively undergo cleavage only in the presence of the target FAP, triggering the consequent release of the cytotoxic payload in the tumor microenvironment.

Activation of cannabinoid receptor 2 by turmeric oleoresin reduces inflammation and oxidative stress in an osteoarthritis model.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease characterized by the progressive degradation of articular cartilage, resulting in pain and reduced mobility. Turmeric ( L.) has been widely recognized for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but the molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects remain inadequately explored.

Multidisciplinary consensus-based statement on the current role of middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE) in chronic SubDural hematoma (cSDH).

Introduction: Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization (MMAE) in patients with chronic SubDural Hematoma (cSDH) is a novel treatment approach, albeit the specific role of MMAE in the treatment of cSDH is not yet defined.

Research Question: The aim of this work is to provide a consensus-based statement from a multidisciplinary panel on the current role of MMAE in patients with cSDH.

Materials And Methods: A literature search was performed using the keywords MMAE and cSDH.

An umbrella review on how digital health intervention co-design is conducted and described.

Co-design has been suggested to improve intervention effectiveness and sustainability. However, digital health intervention co-design is inconsistently reported. This umbrella review aims to synthesize what is known about co-design of digital health interventions.

Aprotic Electrolytes Beyond Organic Carbonates: Transport Properties of LiTFSI Solutions in S-Based Solvents.

This work illustrates a physico-chemical study of the structural, dynamic, and transport properties of electrolytes made of LiTFSI solutions in sulphoxide and sulphone solvent mixtures. Experimental measurements, by Raman and NMR spectroscopies, as well as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, reveal the formation of a variety of ionic aggregates depending on the solvent composition that significantly affect the ion mobility and conductivity of the electrolyte. Mixtures containing tetrahydrothiophene-1-oxide exhibit a larger ion mobility due to a rapid exchange mechanism between solvent molecules, whereas the use of tetramethylene sulphone favors the formation of ionic aggregates due to the strong dipolar interactions between solvent molecules.

Dopant-Free Spiro-OMe Imidazole-Based Hole-Transporting Material for Stable and Low-Cost Organic-Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cell.

The engineering of charge transport materials, with electronic characteristics that result in effective charge extraction and transport dynamics, is pivotal for the realization of efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we elucidate the critical role of terminal substituent methoxy groups (-OCH) on the bandgap tuning of the spiro-like hole transport materials (HTMs) to realize performant and cost-effective PSCs. By considering spiro-OMeTAD as the benchmark HTM, we kept the backbone of spiro while replacing diphenylamine with phenanthrenimidazole.

Guiding Competitive Binding Assays Using Protein-Protein Interaction Prediction: The HER2-Affitin Use Case.

Affitins are a class of small artificial proteins, designed as alternatives to antibodies for therapeutic, diagnostic, and biotechnological applications. Recent patents by Bracco Imaging S.p.

Outcomes and management of invasive procedures in participants with hemophilia A post gene therapy: a post hoc analysis of the GENEr8-1 phase III trial.

Background: Hemophilia A is caused by coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) deficiency and increases bleeding risk during invasive procedures.

Objectives: To investigate FVIII concentrate use and bleeding outcomes for invasive procedures after valoctocogene roxaparvovec gene transfer.

Design: This manuscript presents post hoc analysis of the phase III GENEr8-1 trial.

Patella Baja Revisited: Interposition of a Pedunculated Flap of the Hoffa Fat Pad to Treat Adhesions Between the Tibia and Patellar Tendon and Restore the Functional Length of the Patellar Tendon.

Adhesions in the deep infrapatellar region may occur as iatrogenic complications (e.g., after bone-patellar tendon-bone grafting), as part of arthrofibrosis or infrapatellar contracture syndrome, or owing to specific diseases such as Osgood-Schlatter disease.

Posterolateral Elbow Dislocation: An All-Arthroscopic Reconstruction of the Lateral Ulnar Collateral Ligament.

The elbow is one of the most commonly dislocated joints. Although simple dislocations of the elbow usually resolve with conservative management, certain patients can experience residual chronic instability. Posterolateral rotational instability accounts for approximately 80% of elbow chronic instability cases.

Predicting the replicability of social and behavioural science claims in COVID-19 preprints.

Replications are important for assessing the reliability of published findings. However, they are costly, and it is infeasible to replicate everything. Accurate, fast, lower-cost alternatives such as eliciting predictions could accelerate assessment for rapid policy implementation in a crisis and help guide a more efficient allocation of scarce replication resources.

Metagenome-resolved functional traits of Rubrobacter species implicated in rosy discoloration of ancient frescoes in two Georgian Cathedrals.

Pink biofilm formation on stone monuments and mural paintings poses serious harm to cultural heritage preservation. Pink biofilms are globally widespread and recalcitrant to eradication, often causing recurrences after restoration. Yet, the ecological drivers of pink biofilm formation and the metabolic functions sustaining the growth of pigment-producing biodeteriogens remain unclear.

Evaluation of whole-slide imaging for diagnosing frozen sections.

A promising application of digital pathology is the use of Whole slide imaging (WSI) for rapid and remote intraoperative consultations. Based on recommendations from the College of American Pathologists, we compared diagnostic accuracy and technical analysis of WSI with optical microscopy (OM) for reporting frozen sections (FS). A series of 105 consecutive FS cases were included in our study and were categorized as primary diagnosis, assessment of margin status, and lymph node status.

Antioxidant activity and comparative RNA-seq analysis support mitigating effects of an algae-based biostimulant on drought stress in tomato plants.

Drought is a significant global environmental stress. Biostimulants offer a sustainable solution to enhance crop tolerance and mitigate productivity losses. This study assessed the impact of foliar application of ERANTHIS®, a biostimulant derived from the algae Ascophyllum nodosum and Laminaria digitata and yeast extracts, on tomato plants under mild water stress.

Effect of rate-adaptive atrial support compared to VDD pacing in cardiac resynchronization therapy recipients: A randomized cross-over study.

Background: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a cornerstone treatment for heart failure, yet the optimal pacing mode remains uncertain. This study investigates the impact of DDDR (rate-adaptive atrial support) versus VDD pacing modes on functional capacity and echocardiographic outcomes in patients with CRT-defibrillators.

Methods: In a multicenter, double-blind, crossover trial, 26 sinus rhythm patients undergoing CRT-defibrillator implantation were randomized to DDDR at 60 beats-per-minute or VDD at 30 beats-per-minute.

Prevalence of Mitral Annular Disjunction at Cardiac MRI: Results from a Multicenter Registry.

Purpose To determine the prevalence of mitral annular disjunction (MAD) in patients undergoing cardiac MRI for various clinical indications and to assess the association of MAD with arrhythmia, mitral valve prolapse (MVP), and myocardial alteration. Materials and Methods This study analyzed data from a retrospective observational registry of consecutive patients undergoing cardiac MRI for different clinical indications. Cardiac MRI examinations were performed from January 2019 to June 2019 at 13 Italian hospitals.

Hemodynamic relationship with angioarchitecture of cerebral arteriovenous malformation and changes after embolization: a pilot study by 4D flow MR.

Background: The hemodynamics of cerebral arteriovenous malformation (cAVM) is difficult to evaluate with conventional imaging or clinical grading. The aim of this study is to: (I) investigate the association between the angioarchitecture and hemodynamic parameters in cAVM based on 4-dimentional flow magnetic resonance (4D flow MR); (II) quantify flow changes during follow-up after embolization and explore the potential of flow-guided staged embolization.

Methods: Twenty-one patients with digital subtraction angiography (DSA)-diagnosed cAVM were prospectively enrolled in a tertiary hospital consecutively from April 2022 to January 2024 for a cohort study.

Enabling amidation in water: micellar catalysis approach for sustainable synthesis of iopamidol.

Micellar catalysis is becoming an increasingly versatile tool to carry out a wide range of organic transformations using water as the reaction medium. The approach was recently found to be effective also in the case of water sensitive organics such as acyl chlorides. This finding is of great relevance for the manufacturing of challenging substrates such as the known iodinated contrast agent iopamidol, requiring the use of aprotic dipolar solvents (DMF, NMP, DMAc) in the key amidation step of an acyl dichloride intermediate with serinol.

Contemporary treatment patterns of overweight and obesity: insights from the Mass General Brigham health care system.

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of obesity, obesity-related conditions (ORCs), and antiobesity medication (AOM) eligibility and prescribing practice among eligible patients in a large health care system.

Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis of the multicenter Mass General Brigham health care system (Boston, Massachusetts) spanning 2018 to 2022, adults eligible for AOMs (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m or BMI 27-29.9 kg/m with ≥1 ORC) were identified.

1,2-DCA biodegradation potential of an aquifer assessed in situ and in aerobic and anaerobic microcosms.

Background: 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA) biodegradation can occur through aerobic or anaerobic pathways that can be exploited in bioremediation strategies. Bioremediation interventions are site specific and generally based on anaerobic pathways, nevertheless expanding knowledge on proper conditions favoring the biodegradation and especially on 1,2-DCA degrading microorganisms is crucial. In this work the intrinsic biodegradation potential of an aquifer impacted by Chlorinated Aliphatic Hydrocarbons (mainly 1,2-DCA) was evaluated by characterizing the aquifer microbiome across space and time and by setting up biostimulation treatments in microcosms under different aerobic and anaerobic conditions, in parallel.

Clinico-pathological predictors of radiologic complete response to first-line anti-HER2 therapy in metastatic breast cancer.

This study aimed to identify the clinico-pathological variables predictive of radiologic complete response (rCR) to first-line anti-HER2 therapy in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Patients were selected from the database of the GIM14 study and classified according to the best radiologic response obtained to first-line anti-HER2 therapy and upon time-to-treatment-discontinuation (TTD). A total of 545 patients were included in the analysis.