Turmeric-black pepper-honey nanoemulsion formulation and antiulcerogenic effect evaluation against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats.

Gastric ulcer is a common disorder of the digestive system. The combination of turmeric and honey is known to treat stomach ulcers. However, curcumin, an active component in turmeric, has limitations, i.

Reduction of Cystatin B results in increased cathepsin B activity in disomic but not Trisomy 21 human cellular and mouse models.

Down syndrome, resulting from trisomy of human chromosome 21, is a common form of chromosomal disorder that results in intellectual disability and altered risk of several medical conditions. Individuals with Down syndrome have a greatly increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (DSAD), due to the presence of the APP gene on chromosome 21 that encodes the amyloid-β precursor protein (APP). APP can be processed to generate amyloid-β, which accumulates in plaques in the brains of people who have Alzheimer's disease and is the upstream trigger of disease.

Self-paced combined training alleviated oxidative stress, inflammatory responses and hyperlipidaemia in people living with multiple sclerosis: a randomised controlled trial.

To examine the effects of self-paced combined high-intensity interval training and resistance training (HIIT-RT) on oxidative stress, inflammation lipid profile and body composition in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Twenty-three PwMS were randomly assigned to either a control group (CG, n = 12) or a training group (TG, n = 11). The TG performed a 12-week self-paced HIIT-RT (3 times/week).

Constructs across a hierarchical, dimensional model of psychopathology show differential associations with social and general cognitive ability.

Many psychiatric disorders and associated psychopathology dimensions are related to social cognitive deficits and reduced general cognitive ability. The current study applied a hierarchical, dimensional approach to better understand associations among psychopathology, social cognition, and general cognitive ability. Data were collected from two samples (n = 653), including psychosis-spectrum patients, their first-degree relatives, and individuals from community sources.

Automated extracellular volume fraction measurement for diagnosis and prognostication in patients with light-chain cardiac amyloidosis.

Aims: T1 mapping on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is useful for diagnosis and prognostication in patients with light-chain cardiac amyloidosis (AL-CA). We conducted this study to evaluate the performance of T1 mapping parameters, derived from artificial intelligence (AI)-automated segmentation, for detection of cardiac amyloidosis (CA) in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and their prognostic values in patients with AL-CA.

Methods And Results: A total of 300 consecutive patients who underwent CMR for differential diagnosis of LVH were analyzed.

Differences and analogies in thyroid cancer discovered incidentally or by thyroid related screening: A multicenter study.

Objective: The prevalence of Thyroid-Cancer (TC) has increased worldwide and an association with metabolic and cardio-vascular disorders has been reported. Moreover, an increasing percentage of patients are currently diagnosed incidentally through non-thyroid related imaging for other clinical conditions. Our aim was to assess the prevalence of Thyroid-Related (TD) versus Incidental (ID) pre-surgery reasons leading to TC diagnosis and to compare the two groups in terms of clinical characteristics, size and severity of TC at presentation and rate of non-thyroid cancers and cardiovascular/metabolic comorbidities.

Clinical course and potential associated factors of progressive calcinosis cutis in early systemic sclerosis: a cohort study.

Background: Calcinosis cutis of hands can progress and impair hand function in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Understanding the natural disease and comprehensive management is crucial.

Objective: To examine clinical course and identify risk factors associated with progressive calcinosis cutis in early SSc.

PSC and colitis: A complex relationship.

Primary sclerosing cholangitis is one of the most challenging conditions in hepatology, and due to our limited understanding of its pathogenesis, no causal therapies are currently available. While it was long assumed that a minority of people with IBD also develop PSC, which is sometimes labeled an extraintestinal manifestation of IBD, the clinical phenotype, genetic and intestinal microbiota associations strongly argue for PSC-IBD being a distinct form of IBD, existing alongside ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. In fact, the liver itself could contribute to intestinal pathology, clinically overt in 60 - 80 % of patients.

Clinical Evaluation of 3D Motion-Correction Via Scout Accelerated Motion Estimation and Reduction Framework Versus Conventional T1-Weighted MRI at 1.5 T in Brain Imaging.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of motion artifacts and image quality of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T1-weighted imaging applying 3D motion correction via the Scout Accelerated Motion Estimation and Reduction (SAMER) framework compared with conventional T1-weighted imaging at 1.5 T.

Materials And Methods: A preliminary study involving 14 healthy volunteers assessed the impact of the SAMER framework on induced motion during 3 T MRI scans.

Comparison of Lean, Obese, and Weight Loss Models Reveals TREM2 Deficiency Attenuates Breast Cancer Growth Uniquely in Lean Mice and Alters Clonal T Cell Populations.

Obesity is an established risk factor for breast cancer development and poor prognosis. The adipose environment surrounding breast tumors, which is inflamed in obesity, has been implicated in tumor progression, and TREM2, a transmembrane receptor expressed on macrophages in adipose tissue and tumors, is an emerging therapeutic target for cancer. A better understanding of the mechanisms for the obesity-breast cancer association and the potential benefits of weight loss could help inform treatment strategies.

Physical activity alleviated associations of oxidation capacity of the atmosphere with platelet-based inflammatory indicators: findings from the Henan Rural Cohort Study.

: several adverse effects of ozone (O) and nitrogen dioxide (NO) are assessed using combined oxidant capacity (O) and redox-weighted oxidant capacity (Owtx) as surrogates. However, the associations of oxidant capacity (O and Owtx) with platelet-based inflammatory indicators and the potential modifying role of physical activity (PA) remain unclear. : 31 318 participants were selected from the baseline survey of the Henan Rural Cohort Study.

Cerebral Microbleeds and Amyloid Pathology Estimates From the Amyloid Biomarker Study.

Importance: Baseline cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and APOE ε4 allele copy number are important risk factors for amyloid-related imaging abnormalities in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) receiving therapies to lower amyloid-β plaque levels.

Objective: To provide prevalence estimates of any, no more than 4, or fewer than 2 CMBs in association with amyloid status, APOE ε4 copy number, and age.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study used data included in the Amyloid Biomarker Study data pooling initiative (January 1, 2012, to the present [data collection is ongoing]).

Age, Sex, and Anatomical Location Patterns in Cutaneous Pyogenic Granuloma Cases.

Importance: Cutaneous pyogenic granulomas (PGs) are commonly encountered, benign, vascular tumors, in which epidemiologic factors have been variably reported, in part, due to sample size limitations and a focus on either adult or pediatric patients.

Objective: To assemble a large dataset of pathologically diagnosed PGs across the continuum of age and investigate patterns of PGs by demographic factors, including age, sex, and anatomical location.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective case series included case reports of patients with pathologically confirmed PGs of cutaneous origin reported between April 1, 2010, to March 31, 2020.

Depressive Symptoms and Amyloid Pathology.

Importance: Depressive symptoms are associated with cognitive decline in older individuals. Uncertainty about underlying mechanisms hampers diagnostic and therapeutic efforts. This large-scale study aimed to elucidate the association between depressive symptoms and amyloid pathology.

Future Directions in the Treatment of Low-Grade Gliomas.

There is major interest in deintensifying therapy for isocitrate dehydrogenase-mutant low-grade gliomas, including with single-agent cytostatic isocitrate dehydrogenase inhibitors. These efforts need head-to-head comparisons with proven modalities, such as chemoradiotherapy. Ongoing clinical trials now group tumors by intrinsic molecular subtype, rather than classic clinical risk factors.

Management of Low-Grade Gliomas.

The term "low-grade glioma" historically refers to adult diffuse gliomas that exhibit a less aggressive course than the more common high-grade gliomas. In the current molecular era, "low-grade" refers to World Health Organization central nervous system grade 2 gliomas almost always with an isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation (astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas). The term "lower-grade gliomas" has emerged encompassing grades 2 and 3 IDH-mutant astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas, to acknowledge that histological grade is not as important a prognostic factor as molecular features, and distinguishing them from grade 4 glioblastomas, which lack an IDH mutation.

Recent Advancements and Future Perspectives on Molecular Biomarkers in Adult Lower-Grade Gliomas.

There has been a significant paradigm shift in the clinical management of lower-grade glioma patients given the recent updates to the 2021 World Health Organization classification along with long-term results from randomized phase III clinical trials. As a result, we are now better able to diagnose and assign patients to the most appropriate treatment course. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the most robust and reliable molecular biomarkers for adult lower-grade gliomas and discusses current challenges facing this patient population that future correlative biology studies combined with advancements in technologies could help overcome.

Severe Lymphopenia Predicts Poorer Survival in Patients With Rectal Cancer Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation.

Purpose: Chemoradiation-induced lymphopenia is common and associated with poorer survival in multiple solid malignancies. However, the association between chemoradiation-related lymphopenia and survival outcomes in rectal cancer is yet unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of lymphopenia and its predictors in patients with rectal cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiation.

[Prevalence and phylogenetic analysis of cytomegalovirus (Orthoherpesviridae: ) genetic variants from children and immunocompromised patients in central Russia].

Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a DNA-containing virus that is widespread worldwide and is of great importance in infectious pathology of children and adults. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of CMV among children and immunocompromised patients in the Nizhny Novgorod region (central Russia) and to perform a phylogenetic analysis of the identified strains.

Materials And Methods: DNA samples of CMV detected in frequently ill children and adult recipients of solid organs were studied.

Endothelial activation and dysfunction caused by influenza A virus ().

Annual epidemics of influenza result in 3-5 million cases of severe illness and more than 600 000 deaths. Severe forms of influenza are usually characterized by vascular endothelial cells damage. Thus, influenza A viruses, including subtypes A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), as well as highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses, can infect the vascular endothelium, leading to activation and subsequent dysfunction of these cells.

Evidence of Rapid Infection of Four Sweetpotato Potyviruses in a Commercial Field in California.

Sweetpotato ( Lam.) is grown worldwide and is a staple food in many countries. One of the main constraints for sweetpotato production is cultivar decline, caused by the accumulation of viruses and subsequent losses of storage root yield and quality over years of vegetative propagation.

The paradoxical GH response at OGTT does not predict Pasireotide efficacy but matters for glucose metabolism.

Purpose: A paradoxical increase in GH after oral glucose load (GH-Par) characterizes about one-third of acromegaly patients and is associated with a better response to first-generation somatostatin receptor ligands (fg-SRLs). Pasireotide is typically considered as a second-/third-line treatment. Here, we investigated the predictive role of GH-Par in pasireotide response and adverse event development.

Residual pain and fatigue are affected by disease perception in rheumatoid arthritis in sustained clinical and ultrasound remission.

Objective: Regardless of remission status, residual pain (RP) might persist in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to characterize RP, its perception, and patient-dependent features and to evaluate its possible association with residual synovitis in patients with RA in remission.

Methods: Ninety-seven patients with RA, including 68 in sustained clinical and ultrasound remission (Rem/RA) and 29 in high/moderate DAS28-CRP disease activity (H-Mo/RA) were enrolled in the study.

Social Networks, Health Support, and Dietary Intake in Mothers Receiving Home Visiting Services.

Home visiting programs (HVPs) provide services to pregnant individuals and parents of young children to improve families' health and well-being. However, little is known about these families' social contexts. This study explores the social networks and dietary intake of mothers enrolled in a HVP, focusing on health support and health undermining.

Enhanced antitumor efficacy of nanostructured lipid carrier co-loaded with docetaxel and 5-fluorouracil for targeted gastric cancer therapy.

This study presents nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) co-loaded with Docetaxel (DCT) and 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) as a targeted therapeutic approach for gastric cancer (GC). Using nanoprecipitation, NLC-DCT/5-FU were synthesized and exhibited an average particle size of 215.3 ± 10.