The PA-X host shutoff site 100 V exerts a contrary effect on viral fitness of the highly pathogenic H7N9 influenza A virus in mice and chickens.

Several viruses, including influenza A virus (IAV), encode viral factors to hijack cellular RNA biogenesis processes to direct the degradation of host mRNAs, termed "host shutoff." Host shutoff enables viruses to simultaneously reduce antiviral responses and provides preferential access for viral mRNAs to cellular translation machinery. IAV PA-X is one of these factors that selectively shuts off the global host genes.

[Prediction of the course of antibiotic-associated diarrhea caused by based on clinical and laboratory characteristics of the disease].

Background: The most severe complications of antibiotic use are clostridial infection (CDI) and pseudomembranous colitis (PMC). There is a need for further study of these conditions and identification of their triggers.

Aim: To identify risk factors for severe forms of antibiotic-associated diarrhea caused by .

Efficient and visual detention of ammonia and TNP vapors by a sustainable highly luminescent 1D Zn(II) coordination polymer.

To realize the aim of easy and accurate detection of ammonia and picric acid (PA) in both aqueous and vapor phases based on function-oriented investigation principles, in the present study, we include a luminescent performance with recognition performance, taking into account the application conditions. Zn(II) ions with luminescence qualities and an amine-substituted imidazole moiety with selective recognition properties towards picric acid and ammonia are coupled to generate a novel 1D luminous Zn(II) coordination polymer, Zn-CP [{Zn(II)( 2-ABZ)2(2-BDC)}].MeOH]∞, where 2-ABZ and 2-BDC stand for terephthalic acid and protonated 2 aminobenzimidazole, respectively.

Nanopore Sequencing as a Cutting-Edge Technology for Medulloblastoma Classification.

Background: Medulloblastoma (MB) is one of the most prevalent embryonal malignant brain tumors. Current classification organizes these tumors into four molecular subgroups (WNT, SHH, Group 3, and Group 4 MB). Recently, a comprehensive classification has been established, identifying numerous subtypes, some of which exhibit a poor prognosis.

Role of immature choroid plexus in the pathology of model mice and human iPSC-derived organoids with autism spectrum disorder.

During gestation, the choroid plexus (ChP) produces protein-rich cerebrospinal fluid and matures prior to brain development. It is assumed that ChP dysfunction has a profound effect on developmental neuropsychiatric disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the mechanisms linking immature ChP to the onset of ASD remain unclear.

Composition, microstructure, rheology, and meltdown behavior of commercial nondairy frozen desserts.

The demand for nondairy and plant-based products has increased, but there is still a need for more information about and improvement in these products, especially when it comes to frozen desserts. Similar to ice cream, which simultaneously is an emulsion, dispersion, and foam, nondairy frozen desserts also have a complex structure. As a starting point, 15 commercial nondairy frozen desserts, marketed as offering an ice cream-like experience, were purchased and evaluated for compositional, physical, structural, rheological, and meltdown properties.

Comparative Effectiveness of Fluticasone Furoate/Umeclidinium/Vilanterol and Budesonide/Glycopyrrolate/Formoterol Fumarate among US Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with exacerbations which can reduce quality of life and increase mortality. Single-inhaler triple therapy (SITT) is recommended for maintenance treatment of COPD among patients experiencing exacerbations despite dual-therapy use. This real-world comparative effectiveness study compared the impact of SITTs, fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol (FF/UMEC/VI), and budesonide/glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate (BUD/GLY/FORM), on COPD exacerbations and mortality.

The Role of Podocytes in Lupus Pathology.

Purpose Of Review: Kidney injury due to lupus nephritis (LN) is a severe and sometimes life-threatening sequela of systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmune injury to podocytes has been increasingly demonstrated to be a key driver of LN-related kidney injury because these cells play key roles in glomerular filtration barrier homeostasis. Irreparable podocyte injury impairs these processes and can lead to proteinuria, which is an indicator of poor prognosis in LN.

Pathological complete response after chemotherapy in initially unresectable distal cholangiocarcinoma.

Surgical resection is the only curative treatment for cholangiocarcinoma, but it is often diagnosed at advanced stages, making surgical resection infeasible. Recently, the concept of conversion surgery has expanded the indications for surgical treatment, thanks to advancements in both perioperative management and chemotherapy. However, it remains unclear which patients benefit most from this treatment strategy.

Late-onset disseminated BCG infection with hepatosplenomegaly after intravesical BCG immunotherapy in a non-immunocompromised patient.

Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy for bladder cancer rarely leads to disseminated BCG infections, most of which occur early after BCG instillations or in immunocompromised patients. We report late-onset disseminated BCG infection after intravesical BCG immunotherapy in a non-immunocompromised patient. A 78-year-old non-immunocompromised man was admitted with fever and hepatosplenomegaly.

An Exploratory Analysis of Child Characteristics Predicting Clinical Outcomes in Parent-Led Cognitive Behavioral Teletherapy for Anxiety in Autistic Children.

Parent-led cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an efficient, promising form of therapy that may be well suited for autistic youth with anxiety disorders. A recent clinical trial found that parent-led CBT - in which parents led their child through a guided CBT workbook with varying degrees of therapist support - was efficacious for reducing anxiety and associated functional impairment. While such findings demonstrate promise for future intervention development and dissemination efforts with this population, more work is needed to elucidate clinical factors that impact response to treatment as well as drop-out.

Acanthamoeba Infection in a Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipient: Challenges in Diagnosis, Management, and Source Identification.

We report a case of Acanthamoeba infection in an HCT recipient with steroid-refractory GVHD. We highlight the multiple challenges that free-living ameba infections present to the clinician, the clinical laboratory, transplant infectious disease for review, hospital epidemiology if nosocomial transmission is considered, and public health officials, as exposure source identification can be a significant challenge. Transplant physicians should include Acanthamoeba infections in their differential diagnosis of a patient with skin, sinus, lung, and/or brain involvement.

Impact of adipocytes on ultrasound evaluation of parathyroid adenomas.

Purpose: Parathyroid lipoadenomas are difficult to recognize preoperatively; hence, they may remain undetected. Difficulty in recognition is thought to be due to the adipocytes present in the tumor. This study aimed to clarify the impact of adipocytes as a component of parathyroid adenomas on ultrasound evaluation.

Warmth and Control: Examining the Associations between Chinese Parenting Behaviors and Children's Academic Performance in Different Parent-Child Dyads.

Few studies have comprehensively examined the reciprocal relation between specific parenting practices and children's academic performance across parent and child gender. The present study investigated the bidirectional associations between parental warmth/control and children's academic performance using a three-wave longitudinal multi-informant design. A total of 814 families (M = 10.

International web-based survey of patients with non-hydrocephalic symptomatic pineal cysts.

Objectives: To report the results of an international patient-reported survey that adds to the growing body of evidence surrounding the role of surgery in the management of a subset of patients with non-hydrocephalic symptomatic pineal cyst.

Design: An international web-based survey of health outcomes in patients with nhSPC.

Subjects: All survey participants who self-reported a diagnosis of symptomatic pineal cyst without hydrocephalus after radiological imaging.

Unveiling root nodulation in Tribulus terrestris and Roystonea regia via metagenomics analysis.

Root nodule symbiosis is traditionally recognized in the Fabales, Fagales, Cucurbitales, and Rosales orders within the Rosid I clade of angiosperms. However, ambiguous root nodule formation has been reported in Zygophyllaceae and Roystonea regia (Arecaceae), although a detailed analysis has yet to be conducted. We aimed to perform morphological analyses of root structures in these plants and utilize metagenomic techniques to identify and characterize the bacterial populations within the nodule-like structures.

Clinical evaluation of single bond universal adhesive in non-carious cervical lesions: a 36-month retrospective study.

Objective: To evaluate the 36-month clinical performance of Single Bond Universal Adhesive (SBU; 3M ESPE, Germany) in non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) using different modes of adhesion according to the FDI criteria. The primary outcome was the retention loss of the restorations, while the secondary outcomes included marginal staining, marginal adaptation, post-operative sensitivity and tooth vitality, recurrence of caries erosion and abfraction, and tooth integrity, all evaluated according to the FDI criteria.

Materials And Methods: In this study, the SBU Adhesive was applied to 246 NCCLs of 25 patients using different modes of adhesion: Self-etch (SE), selective-enamel-etching (SLE), and etch-and-rinse (ER).

Androgen receptor pathway inhibitors vs. docetaxel chemotherapy for metastatic hormone-sensitive and first-line castration resistant prostate cancer.

Purpose: No currently available phase III trial compared docetaxel vs. androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPI) regarding cancer-control outcomes in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). Moreover, few is known about the effect of sequential therapies in mHSPC and subsequent metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

Evaluating optic system compression in sellar tumors: A novel application of quantitative pupillometry.

Introduction: Tumorous growths in the sellar region pose significant clinical challenges due to their proximity to critical visual structures such as the optic chiasm and optic nerves. Given their proximity to the optic system, these tumors are often diagnosed due to a progressive decrease in visual acuity. Thus, surgical intervention is crucial to prevent irreversible damage, as timely decompression can halt the progression of edema and subsequent optic atrophy.

Evaluation of the ETV success score and its predictive value in pediatric occlusive hydrocephalus: implications for patient counseling.

Introduction: Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy (ETV) is a well-established treatment for pediatric hydrocephalus, particularly in cases of aqueductal stenosis. The ETV Success Score (ETVSS) is a predictive tool widely used to estimate the likelihood of ETV success based on factors like age. Its accuracy, especially in infants under 3 months, is still debated.

Automated Nanoliter Volume Assay Optimization on a Cost-Effective Microfluidic Disc.

Optimizing multireagent assays often requires successive titration of individual components until the optimal combination of conditions is achieved. This process is time-consuming, laborious, and often expensive since parallelized experimentation requires bulk consumption of reagents. Microfluidics presents a solution through miniaturization of standard processes by reducing reaction volume, executing multiple parallel workflows, and enabling automation.

Discovery of a Chimeric Polyketide Family as Cancer Immunogenic Chemotherapeutic Leads.

Discovery of cancer immunogenic chemotherapeutics represents an emerging, highly promising direction for cancer treatment that uses a chemical drug to achieve the efficacy of both chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Herein, we report a high-throughput screening platform and the subsequent discovery of a new class of cancer immunogenic chemotherapeutic leads. Our platform integrates informatics-based activity metabolomics for the rapid identification of microbial natural products with both novel structures and potent activities.

Correlation between ultrasonography and elastography parameters and molecular subtypes of breast cancer in young women.

Objective: To explore the differences of conventional ultrasound characteristics, elastic imaging parameters and clinicopathological characteristics of distinct molecular subtypes of breast cancer in young women, and to identify imaging parameters that exhibited significant associations with each molecular subtype.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis encompassing 310 young women with breast cancer. Observations were made regarding the ultrasonography and elastography characteristics of the identified breast lesions.

Arginine depletion-induced autophagy and metabolic dysregulation are involved in the disease severity of hand, foot, and mouth disease.

Amino acid metabolism provides significant insight into the development and prevention of many viral diseases. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the amino acid profiles of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) patients with those of healthy individuals and to further reveal the molecular mechanisms of HFMD severity. Using UPLC-MS/MS, we determined the plasma amino acid expression profiles of pediatric patients with HFMD (mild,  = 42; severe, = 43) and healthy controls ( = 25).

Abstracts of the International Academy of Pathology Malaysian Division (IAPMD) 9th Annual Scientific Meeting (ASM) 2024: Lung and Molecular Pathology, Head and Neck Pathology, held on 7th - 8th September 2024.

No abstract available.