Cryopreserved Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Show Comparable Effects to Un-Cryopreserved Cells in Treating Osteoarthritis.

Non-cryo and hypothermic preservations are two available options for short-term storage of living cells. For long-term cell storage, cryopreservation is an essential procedure as it prolongs the storage time, allowing for the transport and testing of cells, as well as the establishment of cell banks. But it is unclear whether cryopreservation reduces the therapeutic effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSCs) on osteoarthritis (OA).

Integrin Trafficking, Fibronectin Architecture, and Glomerular Injury upon AdipoR1 Depletion.

Background: Deficiency of adiponectin and its downstream signaling may contribute to the pathogenesis of kidney injury in type 2 diabetes. Adiponectin activates intracellular signaling via adiponectin receptors 1 and 2 (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2), but the role of AdipoR-mediated signaling in glomerular injury in type 2 diabetes remains unknown.

Methods: The expression of AdipoR1 in the kidneys of people with type 2 diabetes and the expression of podocyte proteins or injury markers in the kidneys of AdipoR1-knockout (AdipoR1-KO) mice and immortalized AdipoR1-deficient human podocytes were investigated by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting.

Role of Leucine-Rich Repeat-Containing G-Protein-Coupled Receptors 4-6 (LGR4-6) in the Ovary and Other Female Reproductive Organs: A Literature Review.

Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptors regulate stem cell activity and tissue homeostasis within female reproductive organs, primarily through their interaction with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. LGR4-6 are increasingly recognized for their roles in organ development, regeneration, and cancer. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the roles of LGR4-6 in female reproductive organs, highlighting their significance in normal physiology and disease states, specifically in the context of ovarian cancer.

The 2021 Podiatric Residency Candidate and Program Virtual Interview Experience During COVID-19 with Multispecialty Reflections and Recommendations for a Successful Virtual Match: A 2024 Update.

This objective of this communication is to provide an update from the Council of Teaching Hospitals (COTH) and the American Association of Colleges of Podiatric Medicine (AACPM) with respect to the profession's residency interview process, otherwise known as the Centralized Residency Interview Process (CRIP). During the 2022-2023 academic year, CRIP returned to an in-person format following a period of virtual interviews during the COVID-19 pandemic. Survey data since this change indicate that a large majority of residency program directors and student applicants prefer an in-person format to the residency interview process.

Incidence of Wounds Associated with Posterior Midline Incision for Achilles Tendon Pathology in a Large Cohort at a Tertiary Care Center.

Background: We sought to determine the wound complications associated with a straight midline incision overlying the Achilles tendon. Data on sex, age, body mass index (BMI), surgery performed, date of surgery, and wound development were collected.

Methods: We retrospectively collected data on 217 patients with a mean ± SD age of 46.

The Added Effect of Artificial Intelligence in CT Assessment of Abdominal Lymphadenopathy.

Lymphadenopathy is associated with lymph node abnormal size or consistency due to many causes. We employed the deep convolutional neural network ResNet-34 to detect and classify CT images from patients with abdominal lymphadenopathy and healthy controls. We created a single database containing 1400 source CT images for patients with abdominal lymphadenopathy (n = 700) and healthy controls (n = 700).

Validation of a New Measurement Device (Perikit®) For Perimetry and Volumetry of The Lower Limb: Metrological and Intra-Observer Comparative Study.

Accurate quantitative assessments are crucial to understanding development of diseases and their effective treatments. Various validated perimetry and volumetry measurement methods for patients with lymphedema exist and each has its own advantages and limitations and choosing the right instrument is essential. PeriKit® (PK) is a new measurement device that requires validation.

Segment specific loss of NFAT5 function in the kidneys is sufficient to induce a global kidney injury like phenotype.

Nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5 (NFAT5) is a transcription factor known for its role in osmotic stress adaptation in the renal inner medulla, due to the osmotic gradient that is generated between the renal cortex and renal inner medulla. However, its broader implications in kidney injury and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are less understood. Here we used two different Cre deleter mice (Ksp1.

Immunohistochemical Expression of PD-L1 and CTLA-4 in Triple Negative Breast Cancer and Their Prognostic Associations.

Objective: Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) and Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte -Associated Antigen-4 (CTLA-4) are presently considered as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets in numerous human malignancies. The goal of this study was to determine whether PD-L1 and CTLA-4 might be used to predict patients' survival in Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 100 primary TNBC cases that had surgical resection at the Oncology Center of Mansoura University (OCMU), Faculty of Medicine, Egypt.

8-OHdG and Nrf2 Protein are Expressed Consistently in Various T Stages of Invasive Breast Carcinoma.

Objective: Oxidative stress prompts breast cancer cells to adapt by raising the lethal threshold and enhancing the antioxidant mechanism, thereby enabling survival and continuous proliferation that facilitates tumor progression. Nrf2 and 8-OHdG are indicative of oxidative stress activity and impact the progression of breast cancer. We aimed to analyze the expression of Nrf2 and 8-OHdG in various T stages of breast cancer in our hospital.

Bioinformatics Analysis of Programmed Death-1-Trastuzumab Resistance Regulatory Networks in Breast Cancer Cells.

Objective: Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1, encoded by PDCD1) regulatory network participates in glioblastoma multiforme development. However, such a network in trastuzumab-resistant human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer remains to be determined. Accordingly, this study was aimed to explore the PD-1 regulatory network responsible for the resistance of breast cancer cells to trastuzumab through a bioinformatics approach.

Biomarker Panels Associated with Diagnosis and Overall Survival in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Revealed from Protein-Protein and mRNA-miRNA Interaction Networks.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common form of liver cancer, has a significant mortality rate, largely due to late diagnosis. Recent advances in medical research have demonstrated the potential of biomarkers for early detection. Moreover, the discovery and use of prognostic biomarkers offer a ray of hope in the fight against liver cancer.

Analyzing Secondary Cancer Risk: A Machine Learning Approach.

Objective: Addressing the rising cancer rates through timely diagnosis and treatment is crucial. Additionally, cancer survivors need to understand the potential risk of developing secondary cancer (SC), which can be influenced by several factors including treatment modalities, lifestyle choices, and habits such as smoking and alcohol consumption. This study aims to establish a novel relationship using linear regression models between dose and the risk of SC, comparing different prediction methods for lung, colon, and breast cancer.

Investigating the Anticancer Properties of Bacterial Toxoid in Combination Vaccines.

Background: The use of bacterial vaccines as a potential Bacterial-Based Cancer Therapy (BBCT) presents an innovative approach, transforming these vaccines into multifunctional tools capable of serving dual roles in medicine.

Materials And Methods:  This study aimed to conduct in vitro, immunity-independent experiments to investigate the anticancer properties of vaccine-derived bacterial toxoids on various cancer cell lines. Six concentrations of the DTP vaccine (5 x 10-4, 25 x 10-5, 125 x 10-6, 625 x 10-7, 312 x 10-7, and 15 x 10-6 µg/ml) were tested on two cancer cell lines (SKG and HCAM) and a normal Rat Embryonic Fibroblast (REF) cell line.

Impaired Granularity in T cell Subsets but not in B cell Favors the Carcinogenesis of the Breast: A Preliminary Study in Indonesian Women Cohort.

Objective: The progress made in cancer immunology has led to the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. However, despite these advances, the superficial characteristics of immune cells have been frequently overlooked: This oversight may be attributed to a limited understanding of the intricate relationships between immune cells and their microenvironment. This study seeks to address this limitation by comprehensively examining cell size and granularity in breast cancer (BC) patients and healthy donors (HD).

The Role of Tumor-Associated Neutrophils in Early Luminal HER2-Negative Breast Cancer Progression.

Objectives: To study the predictive role of tumor-associated neutrophils in early luminal HER2-negative breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted on 60 women cases aged from 31 to 79 years underwent surgery for luminal HER2-negative ductal breast cancer in tertiary care cancer centre. We first estimated basic morphological signs: tumor size, tumor grade (by Nottingham Histologic Score), tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), Lymphovascular invasion, hormonal receptors status, proliferative index, and regional lymph nodes metastasis.

Comparison of Five Pathological Tumor Regression Grading Systems for Rectal Cancer Following Chemoradiation: Correlation Coefficient and Intra-Rater Reliability.

Objective: To determine the correlation among five different types of tumor regression grading (TRG) systems. Test-retest reliability analyses were conducted at two time points to assess the internal validity and consistency of these five TRG systems.

Methods: A test-retest study was performed in 34 pathologically confirmed rectal adenocarcinoma specimens.

Detection of H-Pylori in the Explanted Liver Tissue and the Enlarged Perihepatic Lymph Nodes of Cirrhotic Patients with Decompensated End-Stage Liver Disease Recruited for Liver Transplantation.

Background: Helicobacter pylori bacteria colonize the gastric mucosa and contribute to the occurrence and development of gastrointestinal diseases. According to the WHO, H. pylori bacteria are considered class I carcinogen.

Staging at Diagnosis and Survival of Hematologic Neoplasms in Children and Adolescents in Mato Grosso, Brazil: A Population-based Study.

Objective: To apply the Toronto Childhood Cancer Staging Guidelines (TG) and Estimate the Observed Survival Probabilities for Pediatric Patients with Leukemia and Lymphoma.

Methods: Staging at diagnosis was conducted according to tier 2 of the TG. The study cohort included patients aged 0 -19 years from the Population-Based Cancer Registry (PBCR) of Mato Grosso, diagnosed with leukemia and lymphoma between 2008 and 2017, with follow-up until December 31, 2022.

Immunohistochemical Expression of VEGF and Microvessel Density (CD 34) in Oral Epithelial Dysplasia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Original Research.

Background: Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from preexisting ones via capillary sprouting, is a crucial process in tumor growth and metastasis. As a tumor's angiogenic capacity increases, its microvasculature, measured by micro vessel density (MVD), also increases. This study aims to evaluate the expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and CD34 in oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma through immunohistochemical methods.

New Genetic Variations in RNA-binding Protein Gene and Breast Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study.

Background: LIN28, a highly conserved RNA-binding protein, regulate a wide variety of post-transcriptional cellular processes. The current study aimed to identify genetic variants of five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the LIN28B gene (rs221634, rs22163, rs314276, rs9404590, and rs12194974) and their association with Breast cancer.

Method: 220 patients and 230 controls were genotyped by the RFLP assay for Lin28B gene variants.

Immunoscore CD3/CD8 and FOXP3 Expression Correlate to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response in Triple Negative Breast Cancer: A Case-Control Study.

Objectives: To explore the significance of diminished CD3/CD8 and CD3/CDR45RO immunoscores, as well as elevated FOXP3 expression, as potential risk factors for unfavorable responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy among patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).

Methods: A case-control study was conducted across two hospitals (a public and a private facility) from August 1st, 2021, to August 31st, 2022. The study population comprised patients diagnosed with the TNBC subtype, with available paraffin blocks from biopsy procedures.

Use of Oral Rub and Rinse Technique for Oral Cancer Screening: Results from a Community-based Program in an LMIC.

Background: Oral cancer screening programs can aid in the early identification of potentially malignant oral lesions. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Oral Rub and Rinse (ORR) technique as an oral cancer screening tool and to test its potential in detecting genetic alterations in exfoliated cells obtained through ORR.

Methods: The screening programs were conducted in rural Dakshina Kannada and Udupi districts in Karnataka.

F-18 FDG PET/CT based Preoperative Machine Learning Prediction Models for Evaluating Regional Lymph Node Metastasis Status of Patients with Colon Cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a simple machine-learning model incorporating lymph node metastasis status with F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) and clinical information for predicting regional lymph node metastasis in patients with colon cancer.

Methods: This retrospective study included 193 patients diagnosed with colon cancer between January 2014 and December 2017. All patients underwent F-18 FDG PET/CT and blood test before surgery.

The p16 Immunostaining Predicts the Risk of Recurrence in Prostate Cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the influence of p16 immunohistochemical expression on the biochemical recurrence rate of pT2-pT3 prostate cancer.

Materials And Methods: A total of 488 pT2-pT3 stage prostate adenocarcinomas undergoing radical prostatectomy were included in this study. Following a review of Gleason classification and retrieval of sociodemographic and clinicopathological data, as well as the date of last consultation and biochemical recurrence, immunohistochemistry for p16 was performed.