Prevalence Study of Cognitive Impairment and its Associated Sociodemographic Variables using Mini-Mental Status Examination among Elderly Population Residing in Field Practice Areas of a Medical College.

Context: The world is aging rapidly through "demographic transition." The aging leads to CI Refers as Cognitive Impairment (CI) - a risk factor for dementia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among the elderly aged ≥50 years.

Utilization of Medicines Available at Home by General Population of Rural and Urban Set Up of Western India.

Introduction: In India, medicines are procured with prescription or without prescription by patients, which are kept at home and often are utilized in inappropriate manner. It may remain unused, get expired or may be repeated in the way of self medication. So there remains an increase chance of self-medication compared to prescribed drugs.

Genetic profile of PTEN gene in Indian oral squamous cell carcinoma primary tumors.

Background: Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is the tumor suppressor gene located on chromosome10q23.3. Genetic variations in the PTEN gene have been found in various sporadic tumors.

Genetic alterations of the PIK3CA oncogene in human oral squamous cell carcinoma in an Indian population.

Objective: The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PIK3) genes, which code for heterodimeric lipid kinases, consist of a catalytic subunit, p110α (PIK3CA), which regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. Recently, a high frequency of somatic mutations was observed in the PIK3CA gene in various cancer types, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study aimed to determine the frequency of oncogenic hotspot mutations in exons 9 and 20 of the PIK3CA gene and its correlation with the clinical characteristics of OSCC patients in an Indian population.

Primary clear cell carcinoma of lung presented with generalized lymphadenopathy mimicking lymphoma.

Primary Clear cell carcinoma of lung with distant metastasis is a rare tumour. Here is a case of 45 year old male presented with gradual onset dyspnoea, low grade fever and weight loss. Radiologically patient had hilar and parahilar lesion at posterior mediastinum with mild changes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with right supraclavicular, peripancreatic and celiac axis lymph nodes enlargement.

Retrograde intubation in a case of ankylosing spondylitis posted for correction of deformity of spine.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients are most challenging. These patient present the most serious array of intubation and difficult airway imaginable, secondary to decrease or no cervical spine mobility, fixed flexion deformity of thoracolumbar spine and possible temporomandibular joint disease. Sound clinical judgment is critical for timing and selecting the method for airway intervention.

Elongated uvula and diagnostic utility of spirometry in upper airway obstruction.

Elongated uvula is relatively an uncommon condition. Upper airway obstruction is often a missed complication of such a rare condition. Clinical presentations of upper airway obstruction often mimic asthma.

Oxygen cylinders: "life" or "death"?

Oxygen is crucial to maintain and save human life. Other than medical purposes it is widely used for manufacture of mineral water, fabrication works and other industrial activities. If adequate precautionary measures are not adopted while handling, storage or transport of oxygen cylinder or container, accidental blast may claim human life and other damage as well.

A study of occurrence of domestic accidents in semi-urban community.

Context: Domestic accidents are worldwide public health problems. The consequences of a domestic accident may prove disastrous as it may result in disability and loss of productivity. In this context, the present study was carried out to characterize the occurrence of domestic accidents in a semi-urban community.

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: Rare cause of head and neck swelling.

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberance of head and neck is a rare neoplasm and accounts for less than one percent of Head and Neck Neoplasm. The objective of this report is to understand etiology, presentation, histopathologic identification and treatment option for this tumour. The goal of current report is to acquaint the clinician with presentation and treatment option for this disease.

Psychiatric comorbidity of headache in a medical relief camp in a rural area.

Background: Headache is one of the most common complaints seen by primary care physicians, but very few well-planned studies have been conducted to know its prevalence.

Aim: To study the prevalence of headache and associated psychiatric morbidity.

Methods: A medical relief camp was held in village Mavta (near Ratlam in Madhya Pradesh) in 2002.

Prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV.

Perinatal transmission is the most common cause of HIV infection in pediatric population below the age of 15 years. Much progress has been made to decrease the risk of transmission than just offering the option of medical termination of pregnancy to the mother. Future research is needed not only to develop the simple preventive program, but also to make it more cost effective, acceptable and accessible to the general population.

Body dysmorphic disorder : an unusual presentation of schizophrenia.

Although body dysmorphic disorder is a psychiatric disorder in its own right, rarely it can be a variant of a variety of psychiatric syndromes like schizophrenia, mood disorders, OCD etc. Following is an unusual case report of a female patient who presented with body dysmorphic disorder later diagnosed as having schizophrenia.

A comparative study of cardiovascular stress during different swimming strokes.

The study was aimed: (i) to compare maximum heart rate during exhaustive running (HRmasr) and swimming (HRmaxs), (ii) to compare heart rate (HR) in various modes of swimming-front crawl (FC), butterfly (BF), breast stroke (BRS) and back stroke (BS). HRmaxr (192.3 +/- 4.

Blood lactate concentration at selected of olympic modes weightlifting.

This study highlights the blood lactate response of weightlifters (N = 5) in two modes of olympic lifts: Snatch (SN) and Clean & Jerk (CJ), during three types of training namely (1) one repetition lift (ORL), (2) Multiple set session (MSS) and (3) one set session (OSS). In ORL, 30, 40, 50, and 60 kg, each of one repetition only, were lifted with an interval of 5 min between two consecutive loads. Both MSS and OSS consisted of 6 sets of lift: 50% x 6 (i.

Widening the horizons of otolaryngologist an interdisciplinary approach for surgical problems of cervical spine.

Till recent past the realm of ENT surgeons was limited to tonsils and mastoids. But with the passage of time and strides made by the Biomedical Engineering, the horizon has widened and the Otolaryngology has kept pace with other medical specialities. Lesions of Clivus, cervicomedullary junction and cervical vertebra often present difficulty to the Neuro Surgeon and Orthopaedic Surgeon.

Truck crew and risk of contraction of STDS, including HIV: encouraging the use of condoms by the method of applying theories.

Studies from India conclude that the long distance truck crew are at a high risk of contracting and transmitting STDs and HIV on account of their high risk sexual behaviours. These studies indicate the necessity of changing the behaviour of the truck crew in favour of safer sexual practices. This article addresses this important issue of developing an intervention to decrease the risk of contraction of STDs, including HIV, by encouraging the use of condoms by the method of applying psycho-social theories, which aim at changing behaviours of the target group.

Use of dynamic compression plates in rigid internal fixation for Mandibular fractures.

Vehicular accidents and Urban violence continues to be a major source of faciomaxillary injuries, Mandible being more commonly injured than other facial bones. A series of seventy five patients surgically treated for facial fractures between Jan '92 and Dec. '94 was reviewed.

Adolescent boys in Gujarat, India: their sexual behavior and their knowledge of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and other sexually transmitted diseases.

We assessed the sexual behavior patterns of 368 unmarried, sexually active adolescent boys (294 rural, 74 urban) and their knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and correct use of condoms. The mean knowledge score for STDs was low and significantly associated with educational level (p < .0001).

Evidence for antiaggressive property of some calcium channel blockers.

The effect of calcium channel blockers on foot shock induced (aggression (FSA) were studied in mice. Verapamil, (10, 20 and 40 mg kg-1 i.p.

Research stimulating programme for interns.

The present study shows that acquisition of research skills and competence is lacking in the usual training which is imparted to under graduate medical students. It also shows that the acquisition of these skills can be facilitated by suitable structured training programmes during their internship period. Funds for such activities are often available from various agencies, provided that the individual research study areas chosen are of interest to them.

Training of opinion leaders in family planning in India: does it serve any purpose?

Community leaders are known to play a crucial role in the diffusion of innovations. The government of India started an ambitious programme for the training of opinion leaders in family planning, so as to provide a boost to its National Family Planning (Welfare) Programme. The present study attempts to analyse the knowledge, attitudes and practices of opinion leaders who had been trained in such Orientation Training Camps, vis a vis their untrained counterparts from the same geopolitical region.