The transcription factor GmbZIP131 enhances soybean salt tolerance by regulating flavonoid biosynthesis.

Detoxifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) that accumulate under saline conditions is crucial for plant salt tolerance. The Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway functions upstream, while flavonoids act downstream, in ROS scavenging under salt stress. However, the potential crosstalk between the SOS pathway and flavonoids in regulating salt stress responses and the associated mechanisms remain largely unexplored.

A High-Modulus Dual-Cross-Linked Shell Promoting Phosphorus-Carbon Composites for Stable and High-Rate Lithium Ion Storage.

Phosphorus is considered an ideal anode material for lithium ion storage by virtue of its high theoretical capacity and moderate lithiation potential. However, issues such as large volume expansion of phosphorus leading to an electrical loss of contact and instability of the solid electrolyte interface hinder its practical performance. Improvement strategies that can effectively suppress volume expansion and provide stable electrical contacts are urgently needed.

Development of a Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Based Superhydrophobic Surface with Abrasion Resistance, Corrosion Protection, and Anti-icing.

Herein, a superhydrophobic surface was designed and fabricated based on the "lotus effect" construction mechanism. The zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-90) micro-nanoparticles were initially synthesized via a one-pot method, combined with long-chain stearic acid (STA), and subsequently embedded in polyvinyl butyral (PVB) to form a superhydrophobic surface at room temperature. The superhydrophobic surface demonstrated mechanical stability and retained its superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle (CA) greater than 150°, even at a wear distance of 400 cm.

Allergenicity Reduction of Shrimp () via Fucoidan-Mediated Covalent Modification: Insights from Epitope Modifying Effect.

Covalent modification is an effective strategy for reducing allergenicity to individual allergens, but there are few studies on this strategy modifying specific amino acids within epitopes under the influence of food matrix. This study used fucoidan to covalently modify shrimp () and combined mass spectrometry and bioinformatics techniques to explore epitope modification. The results showed that lower concentrations (<2.

Adhesion-Assisted Antioxidant-Engineered Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Enhanced Cardiac Repair in Myocardial Infarction.

Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy holds great promise for treating myocardial infarction (MI). However, the inflammatory and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-rich environment in infarcted myocardium challenges MSC survival, limiting its therapeutic impact. In this study, we demonstrate that chemical modification of MSCs with anti-VCAM1 and polydopamine (PD) significantly enhances MSC survival and promotes cardiac repair.

Gold-Catalyzed Synthesis of (Dihydro)quinolones by Cyclization of Benzaldehyde-Tethered Ynamides and Anilines.

2-Quinolones represent a versatile class of compounds that are prevalent in natural and medicinally relevant molecules. Here we report a new approach to the selective formation of these structures. By gold catalysis, a range of benzaldehyde-tethered ynamides reacted with anilines, leading to 4-amino-3,4-dihydro-2-quinolones with high efficiency and excellent diastereoselectivity in dichloromethane.

Genetic evidence for the suppressive role of zebrafish vhl targeting mavs in antiviral innate immunity during RNA virus infection.

The von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene VHL is a classic tumor suppressor that has been identified in family members with clear cell renal cell carcinomas, central nervous system and retinal hemangioblastomas, phaeochromocytomas, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. The well-defined function of VHL is to mediate proteasomal degradation of hydroxylated hypoxia-inducible factor α proteins, resulting in the downregulation of hypoxia-responsive gene expression. Previously, we reported that VHL inhibits antiviral signaling by targeting mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) for proteasomal degradation.

Sustainable Sulfonylation and Sulfenylation of Indoles with Thiols through Hexamolybdate/HO-Mediated Oxidative Dehydrogenation Coupling.

Arylsulfonylindole and arylsulfenylindole motifs stand as privileged scaffolds in drug discovery. Traditional methods for synthesizing these molecules have relied mainly on prefunctionalized precursors, involving multistep processes and generating a large amount of waste. In this study, we present a modular protocol for the preparation of 3-sulfonylindoles and 3-sulfenylindoles using indoles and thiols as starting materials via hexamolybdate/HO-mediated oxidative dehydrogenative C-S coupling.

A flexible pressure sensor array for self-powered identity authentication during typing.

The keyboard, a staple tool for information entry and human-machine interaction, faces demands for enhanced information security due to evolving internet technologies. This study introduces a self-powered flexible intelligent keyboard (SFIK) that harnesses the giant magnetoelastic effect to convert the mechanical pressure from key presses into electrical signals. The sensor boasts a wide sensing range (35 to 600 kPa) and a rapid response time (∼300 ms), allowing it to record and recognize individual keystroke dynamics.

Enhanced activity and self-regeneration in dynameric cross-linked enzyme nanoaggregates.

Directed evolution, enzyme design, and effective immobilization have been used to improve the catalytic activity. Dynamic polymers offer a promising platform to improve enzyme activity in aqueous solutions. Here, amphiphilic dynamers and lipase self-assemble into nanoparticles of 150- to 600-nanometer diameter, showing remarkable threefold enhancement in catalytic activity.

Strong interaction between plasmon and topological surface state in BiSe/CuS nanowires for solar-driven photothermal applications.

Developing high-performance photothermal materials and unraveling the underlying mechanism are essential for photothermal applications. Here, photothermal performance improved by strong interaction between plasmon and topological surface state (TSS) is demonstrated in BiSe/CuS nanowires. This hybrid, which CuS nanosheets were grown on BiSe nanowires, leverages the plasmon resonance and TSS-induced optical property, generating wide and efficient light absorption.

System metabolic engineering modification of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to increase SAM production.

S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) is an important compound with significant pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications. Currently, microbial fermentation is dominant in SAM production, which remains challenging due to its complex biosynthetic pathway and insufficient precursor availability. In this study, a multimodule engineering strategy based on CRISPR/Cas9 was established to improve the SAM productivity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Dietary risk factors in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis: a cohort study with paired healthy relatives as controls.

Purpose: Conflicting results have been reported on dietary factors in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Here, we compared the dietary intakes of IBD patients with those of paired healthy relatives (HRs), aiming to minimize the impact of genetic and environmental confounders.

Methods: Patients with Crohn's disease (CD, N = 45) and ulcerative colitis (UC, N = 20), their paired HRs (N = 45, N = 20) and healthy non-relative (HNR, N = 25, N = 55) controls were recruited.

MAZ-mediated LAMA5 transcription activation promotes gastric cancer progression through the STAT3 signaling.

Laminin subunit alpha-5 (LAMA5) has been identified as an oncogene in many cancers, while its role and mechanism in gastric cancer (GC) remain to be explored. Here, the influences of LAMA5 knockdown on GC were investigated in vitro and in vivo. LAMA5 expression was silenced in GC cells alone or in combination with the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activator Colivelin, followed by CCK-8, colony formation, EdU, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, and Transwell assay.

Carbon Doping and Oxygen Vacancy-Tungsten Trioxide/CuSnS S-Scheme Heterojunctions for Boosting Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Performance.

Developing ideal photocatalysts for energy regeneration and environmental remediation by combining the advantages of individual semiconductors remains a significant challenge. Herein, tungsten trioxide (WO)/CuSnS S-scheme heterojunction composite photocatalysts are developed. Initially, doped oxygen vacancy (OV) was prepared on two-dimensional WO nanosheets by direct calcination method.

Quantum Well Superlattice Heteronanostructures for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution.

In this study, we construct a quantum well effect-based two-dimensional Z-scheme superlattice heteronanostructure photocatalyst constructed from hydrogen-bonded porphyrin organic frameworks (HOFs) and carbon nitride. Porphyrin HOFs extend spectral absorption, while their π-conjugation and electron density variations significantly enhance charge separation and exhibit favorable alignment with the energy levels of carbon nitride, thereby enabling efficient charge transfer. Carboxylic acid channels in the HOFs further promote the decomposition of water molecules, thereby boosting hydrogen production.

Effect of spermidine on cuproptosis in follicular granulosa cells.

1. A study was conducted to investigate the effect of spermidine on cuproptosis in granulosa cells of goose ovarian follicles. Granulosa cells from F2-F5 grade follicles of Sichuan white geese were isolated and cultured.

Shape-Controlled Reversible Li Plating-Stripping for Stable and High-Rate Anode-Free Lithium Metal Batteries.

Anode-free lithium metal batteries are promising toward high-energy-density power sources with low-cost, but their practical applications are challenged by poor cycling stability and low rate capability. Herein, a shape change-free and lithium-free anode that well controls the reversible Li plating-stripping is reported, which is composed of a highly-ordered hollow ZnO matrix with a surface-coated lithium-phosphorus-oxynitride (LiPON) layer. The ZnO matrix supplies sufficient cavities and lithiophilic sites to facilitate uniform Li plating/stripping within the hollow cavity, while the LiPON layer maintains stable solid-electrolyte interphase from mechanical and electrochemical damage.

Bio-Inspired Retina by Regulating Ion-Confined Transport in Hydrogels.

The effective and precise processing of visual information by the human eye primarily relies on the diverse contrasting functions achieved through synaptic regulation of ion transport in the retina. Developing a bio-inspired retina that uses ions as information carriers can more accurately replicate retina's natural signal processing capabilities, enabling high-performance machine vision. Herein, an ion-confined transport strategy is proposed to construct a bio-inspired retina by developing artificial synapses with inhibitory and excitatory contrasting functions.

A General Strategy for Exceptionally Robust Conducting Polymer-Based Bioelectrodes with Multimodal Capabilities Through Decoupled Charge Transport Mechanisms.

Bioelectrodes function as a critical interface for signal transduction between living organisms and electronics. Conducting polymers (CPs), particularly poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate), are among the most promising materials for bioelectrodes, due to their electrical performance, high compactness, and ease of processing, but often suffer from degradation or de-doping even in some common environments (e.g.

Negative Enthalpy Doping Stabilizes P2-Type Oxides Cathode for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries.

P2-type NaNiMnO (NNMO) as cathode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) largely suffers from continuous accumulation of local stress caused by destructive structural evolution and irreversible oxygen loss upon cycling, leading to rapid capacity degradation. Herein, a strategy of negative enthalpy doping (NED), wherein transition metal (TM) sites are substituted with 0.01 mol each Sn, Sb, Cu, Ti, Mg, and Zn to increase the stability of the TM layers, is proposed.

Distance-Readout Paper-Based Microfluidic Chip with a DNA Hydrogel Valve for AFB1 Detection.

Accurate and rapid aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) detection is essential for ensuring the safety of food supplies. In this paper, we introduce a distance-readout paper-based microfluidic chip (DPMC) that offers a sensitive and reliable method for the detection of AFB1. The DPMC comprises a DNA hydrogel sensitive valve and a paper-based capillary channel.

Phase and Orbital Engineering Effectuating Efficient Adsorption and Catalysis toward High-Energy Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

The delicate construction of electrocatalysts with high catalytic activity is a strategic method to enhance the kinetics of lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs). Adjusting the local structure of the catalyst is always crucial for understanding the structure-activity relationship between atomic structure and catalyst performance. Here, in situ induction of electron-deficient B enables phase engineering MoC, realizing the transition from hexagonal (h-MoC) to cubic phase (c-B-MoC).

Electroactive Dressing with Selective Sorption of Exudate Enables Treatment of Complicated Wound.

Exudate management and cell activity enhancement are vital to complicated wound healing. However, current exudate management dressings indiscriminately remove exudate, which is detrimental to cell activity enhancement. Herein, a novel class of electroactive bilayer (cMO/PVA) dressing is developed by constructing manganese oxide nanoneedle-clusters decorated commercial carbon cloth (MO), in situ casting polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel, and finally charging.

Socioeconomic Inequalities in PM Exposure and Local Source Contributions at Community Scales Using Hyper-Localized Taxi-Based Mobile Monitoring in Xi'an, China.

The relationship between the socioeconomic status (SES) and PM exposure is rather inconclusive. We employed taxi-based measurements with 30 m resolution to characterize PM exposure with local source contribution (PM adjusted concentration) discerned for 2019 winter and 2020 summer, in Xi'an. A big data set comprising ∼6 × 10 hourly PM measurements and SES data from ∼5000 communities was utilized to examine the socioeconomic inequalities in community-level PM exposure.