Advanced Logic Computing and Hybrid Crypto-Steganography for Molecular Information Coding Using Gold/Silver Nanoclusters.

In the domain of digital data exchange, ensuring information security is the supreme demand for data storage and transmission. Interlinking cryptographic techniques with steganographic principles can enhance data confidentiality. However, there have been no reports thus far to develop molecular platforms for hybrid crypto-steganography systems.

One-Pot Decarbonylative Borylation of Aliphatic Aldehydes.

We present a mild and direct method for the radical borylation of simple aliphatic aldehydes. By employing an enamine and a photocatalyst under light irradiation, aldehydes can be transformed effectively into alkyl boronic esters via a formal decarbonylative process. This alternative route for radical borylation synthesis can not only be applied to the transformation of primary, secondary, and tertiary aldehydes but also be adapted to other radical conversion reactions through the generated alkyl radical intermediate.

-Oxide Zwitterionic-Based Antifouling Loose Nanofiltration Membranes with Superior Water Permeance and Effective Dye/Salt Separation.

Loose nanofiltration (LNF) membranes with high permeance and separation selectivity are highly desired for the effective separation of organic dyes and inorganic salts. Herein, a novel polyamide LNF membrane was fabricated using zwitterionic amine reactant trimethylamine -oxide-based polyethylenimine (TPEI) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) via interfacial polymerization (IP). A thin, loose, and smooth polyamide layer was formed due to the low diffusion rate and modified chemical structure of TPEI.

Li Intercalation into Nanosized Chevrel Phase MoS toward Efficient Electrochemical Nitroarene Reduction.

Electrochemical nitroarene reduction enables the green production of anilines at ambient conditions thanks to the manipulated transfer of multiple electrons and protons via controlling potentials and currents, but challenges remain in pH-neutral electrolysis using nonprecious catalysts. Here, Chevrel phase MoS with high conductivity and insertable frameworks is proposed for the first time as a cost-efficient candidate with prominent performance and, more importantly, as a new platform to unravel cation effects on nitroarene electroreduction. Nanosized MoS derived from polymer-confined sulfidation affords a high yield (∼95%) and Faradaic efficiency (∼99%) for reducing 4-nitrostyrene to 4-aminostyrene at -0.

Formal synthesis of (-)-warburganal and synthesis of (+)-isodrimenin.

The formal divergent synthesis of natural products (-)-warburganal and synthesis of (+)-isodrimenin has been developed from α-hydroxy β,γ-unsaturated aldehyde I, which was easily prepared from available (+)-sclareolide in 5 steps. Reduction of intermediate I to II an aldehyde reduction provides a 10-step access to (-)-warburganal, while oxidation of I to III allylic oxidation and hemiacetalization facilitates a 9-step synthesis of (+)-isodrimenin.

Effective Regulation of Organic Radicals within a Radical-Doped Metal-Organic Framework by Post-Treatment.

This work reports a rare radical-doped metal-organic framework (MOF) crystal with one-dimensional open channels achieved by coordination-driven self-assembly. X-ray single-crystal diffraction, solid-state UV-vis-NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and electron paramagnetic resonance analysis were used to clarify its unique structure and why many organic radicals stably exist in the crystal lattice. The study shows that this crystal has strong intermolecular cofacial π-π interactions, a narrow optical bandgap (only 1.

Ambiently Dried Aerogel-Foam Composites with Gradient Pore Structure for Enhanced Sound Absorption.

Silica-based aerogels are widely regarded as promising sound-absorbing materials due to their low density and high specific surface area. However, their hard surface and small pores hinder sound wave penetration, resulting in a relatively poor sound absorption performance. To overcome this limitation, our study employs melamine foam (MF) as a scaffold to construct a gradient aerogel composite acoustic absorber.

High Hole Mobility van der Waals Junction Field-Effect Transistors Based on Te/GaAs for Multimode Photodetection and Logic Applications.

Recently, interface scattering and low mobility have significantly impeded the performance of two-dimensional (2D) P-type transistors. 2D semiconductor tellurium (Te) has garnered significant interest owing to its unique atomic chain crystal structure, which confers ultrahigh hole mobility. van der Waals heterojunction enhances transistor performance by reducing scattering at the gate-channel interface, attributed to its high-quality interface.

Inverse L-shaped association of triglyceride glucose index with all-cause and cerebral cardiovascular-related mortality in osteoarthritis patients: a cohort of 4145 patients.

Background: Currently, osteoarthritis (OA) is recognized as a systemic disease, wherein metabolic disturbances play a part in joint degeneration and elevated risk of mortality. This study investigates the prognostic value of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index in determining all-cause and cerebral cardiovascular mortality among OA patients, accentuating the necessity for customized interventions.

Methods: A cohort of osteoarthritis patients from the 1999-2018 NHANES was linked to the 2019 National Death Index (NDI) for mortality confirmation.

Cultivation methods and biology of Lentinula edodes.

In this study, the biological applications of cultivation methods related to cultivar selection, vegetative growth, and reproductive development in Lentinula edodes cultivation are briefly reviewed to clarify the current situation and inform future developments. The current cultivars widely used in the main production areas are derived from wild strains distributed in northern Asia. The most effective techniques for cultivar identification are molecular markers identified in two nuclear genome datasets and one mitochondrial genome dataset.

Visual Detection Strategy Based on Size-Gradient Coffee Rings on a Superslippery Platform.

Superwetting surfaces have attracted considerable attention in analytical fields due to their unique ability to concentrate target analytes within evaporating droplets, characterized by a constant contact angle and a centripetal mobile contact line. While previous studies have underscored the resistance of superslippery surfaces to the coffee-ring effect, our research presents a novel strategy that dynamically introduces the coffee-ring effect on such surfaces for visual detection. By harnessing the synergistic interaction between the coffee-ring effect and the mobile contact line properties of the superslippery surface, our work leverages affinity recognition between the functionalized surface and the target analyte within the droplet to dynamically create defects for contact line pinning, thereby generating coffee rings on the superslippery surface and enabling qualitative visual detection based on their distinct patterns.

Transformation of Zirconium Metal-Organic Cages to Metal-Organic Gels.

Zirconium metal-organic cages (Zr-MOCs) that assemble from zirconocence-based clusters and carboxylate-based ligands have been widely used as building blocks for constructing various MOC-based materials with diverse applications because of their high stability and solubilities. However, in this work, we found that the structures of a series of Zr-MOCs are quite flexible when heated at 60 °C in an ,'-dimethylformamide solution, in which they are completely disassembled into fragments and reassembled into amorphous metal-organic gels (MOGs). The transformation mechanism was investigated via proton nuclear magnetic resonance, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and other techniques, which revealed that cyclopentadiene (CP) breaks out of the [ZrCP(μ-OH)(μ-O)] cluster and remains in solution, whereas the trinuclear [Zr(μ-OH)(μ-O)] cluster dimerizes into a hexanuclear [Zr(μ-OH)(μ-O)] cluster and forms amorphous MOGs with terephthalic acid-based ligands.

A one-pot multicomponent tandem reaction for the rapid synthesis of 2-amino-3-benzylindoles.

The simultaneous introduction of two functional groups into molecules a one-pot process is of great importance for the synthesis of complex molecules. However, this remains a challenging task due to the need for precise control of regio- and chemo-selectivity. In this paper, we present a novel oxidative cross-dehydrogenation coupling (CDC) reaction that selectively introduces two nucleophiles at the C2,3-positions of indoles, thereby constructing the C-N and C-C bonds simultaneously in one pot.

Photocatalytically switchable chemoselective difluoramidation of olefins for the synthesis of diversified difluoro-γ-lactams.

Herein, we describe a visible light-promoted intramolecular difluoramidation reaction of olefins. By precisely adjusting the reaction conditions, the difficult-to-control olefin radical addition process was effectively controlled. Heck-type coupling of olefins and hydrofluoroamidation of olefins, as well as difunctionalization of olefins, were successfully achieved with good selectivity.

Target-Triggered Enzymatic Cascade LF-NMR Biosensor for the Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells.

A target-triggered, enzymatic cascade-amplified low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) sensor was developed for the detection of the circulating tumor cell (CTC) A549. A multifunctional two-dimensional bionanomaterial GDA@GOX&DNA1 was designed as the initiator, with FeO@DNA2/Apt as the recognition unit and CaO@MnO as the signal unit. When A549 was present, the aptamer (Apt) detached from the recognition unit, allowing the formation of GDA@GOX&DNA1-DNA2@FeO and triggering the following reactions: (1) glucose oxidase (GOX) catalyzed the reaction between the substrate glucose and oxygen (O) to produce gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide (HO); (2) the generated acid and HO reacted with MnO, producing signal probes Mn and O; and (3) CaO reacted with the acid, generating HO.

Dissecting genetic regulation of metabolic coordination.

Understanding genetic regulation of metabolism is critical for gaining insights into the causes of metabolic diseases. Traditional metabolome-based genome-wide association studies (mGWAS) focus on static associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and metabolite levels, overlooking the changing relationships caused by genotypes within the metabolic network. Notably, some metabolites exhibit changes in correlation patterns with other metabolites under certain physiological conditions while maintaining their overall abundance level.

Regulating Crystallization for Pure-Iodide 1.68 eV Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells with a Fill Factor over 86.

Mixed halide wide-bandgap (WBG) perovskites, widely used as a top-cell absorber in tandem solar cells, exhibit severe photoinduced halide phase segregation. A feasible solution is to exploit pure-iodide WBG perovskites, essentially increasing Cs content instead of Br to achieve bandgap widening. However, the efficiency of pure-iodine WBG perovskite solar cells (PSCs) reported so far has been inferior to that of the typical mixed halide WBG PSCs due to complex nucleation and phase transition processes, leading to poor crystallization quality and a high density of defect states in pure-iodine WBG perovskites.

Direct Access to CF-Containing 4-1,3-Oxazines and 2-Aminopyrimidines Via a [4 + 2] Annulation Using In Situ Generated Carbodiimide Anions.

The carbodiimide anions which were generated in situ from -cyano--aryl--toluenesulfonamides (NCTS) in the presence of the base participated in annulations that remain less reported to date. Herein, we have developed for the first time an efficient and environmentally friendly [4 + 2] annulation reaction of CF-substituted hetero-1,3-dienes with NCTS for the efficient synthesis of CF-substituted 4-1,3-oxazines and 2-aminopyrimidines under transition-metal-free conditions. The methodology demonstrates the advantages of readily available substrates, simple operation, good functional group tolerance, and broad substrate scope, providing a promising route to the synthesis of structurally diverse CF-substituted scaffolds.

Artificial Intelligence Technology Assists Enzyme Prediction and Rational Design.

Since the structure of enzymes determines their function, elucidating the structure of enzymes lays a solid foundation for deciphering their catalytic mechanism and enabling rational design. The development of artificial intelligence (AI) has sparked a technological revolution, infusing new vitality into theoretical studies of enzymology and the advancement of enzyme engineering techniques. This Review outlines the development process and main methods of AI applied in the structural elucidation and functional prediction of enzymes.

Iron-Catalyzed Reductive Ring-Rearrangement Reaction of Bridged Benzo[]oxocin-4-ones with Grignard Reagents to Afford Bridged Benzo[]oxocin-2-ols.

An iron-catalyzed reductive ring-rearrangement reaction of bridged benzo[]oxocin-4-ones with Grignard reagents to produce bridged benzo[]oxocin-2-ols is reported. Mechanistic studies indicate that an iron redox catalysis cycle involving oxidative addition to the C-O bond by low-valence iron and β-methoxyl elimination as key steps operates in this reaction.

Tunable optical and thermodynamic properties: the ignition of energetic metal complexes with different crystal fields.

Primary explosives are generally composed of a metal, energetic ligands and oxyacid anions, and are exploded by optical or thermal initiation pathways to provide energy. Nowadays, near-infrared (NIR) laser initiation is a safe way to ignite explosives to effectively avoid electromagnetic interference. Therefore, low NIR laser sensitivity and high thermal stability are the preconditions for applicable laser-initiated explosives.

Rational design of terpolymer acceptors for high-efficiency all-polymer solar cells.

Three terpolymers, J1, J2 and J3, were developed a ternary polymerization strategy. J2 with 5% ITIC possesses suitable complementary absorption, matching energy levels, especially the appropriate aggregation behaviour and improved compatibility between J2 and PM6 to offer an excellent power conversion efficiency of up to 16.48%.

hmLIGHT Enhances Vaccine Antitumor Effects by Facilitating T-cell Infiltration and Activation in the 4T1 Breast Cancer Model.

Mounting evidence suggests that immunotherapies are promising strategies for fighting against cancers. However, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), insufficient lymphocytic infiltration, and poor immunogenicity hamper the broader implementation of immunotherapies. LIGHT, a member of the TNF superfamily, has been shown to recruit T cells into the TME, turning "cold" tumors into "hot" ones.

Hollow Mesoporous Carbon Nanospheres/Ni Hybrids Aid in Metabolic Encoding for COVID-19 Recovery Assessment in Mothers and Fetuses.

Metabolite analysis of body fluids is an advanced method for disease diagnosis and status assessment. Laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) has been widely employed for metabolic analysis due to the fast detection speed and simple sample pretreatment. Here, we designed and synthesized hollow mesoporous carbon nanospheres anchored with Ni (HMCSs/Ni) to simultaneously enhance the ionization and thermal desorption processes of the LDI process owing to their hollow and mesoporous structure, large surface area, and abundant Ni-N bonds.

Vertically Phase-Separated PEDOT:PSS Film via Solid-Liquid Interface Doping for Flexible Organic Electrochemical Transistors.

Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are seen as some of the most promising devices in organic bioelectronics. Recent interest in OECTs is sparked by the high performance of an organic semiconductor channel material, i.e.