Imaging Aspect Ratio-Dependent Anisotropic Conversion of Bismuth-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks into Bismuth Oxides.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising templates and precursors that can be converted to a series of functional materials. Probing the dynamic conversion processes within individual MOF crystal particles in real-time is key to understanding the structure-activity relationship, but this remains challenging, particularly for anisotropic MOF crystals. Here, using dark-field optical microscopy, we visually image and quantify the dynamic oxidation conversion of a single bismuth-based metal-organic framework (Bi-MOF) into bismuth oxides by NaClO.

CREB1/CRTC2 regulated tubular epithelial-derived exosomal miR-93-3p promotes kidney injury induced by calcium oxalate via activating M1 polarization and macrophage extracellular trap formation.

Background: Calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals are known to cause renal injury and trigger inflammatory responses. However, the role of exosome-mediated epithelial-macrophage communication in CaOx-induced kidney injury remains unclear.

Methods: To identify key molecules, miRNA sequencing was conducted on exosomes derived from CaOx-treated (CaOx-exo) and control (Ctrl-exo) epithelial cells, identifying miR-93-3p as significantly upregulated.

Spontaneous psoas hematoma following posterior lumbar fusion surgery: a mini literature review.

Background: Spontaneous psoas hematoma is a very rare clinical entity, and the pathogenesis and pathologic mechanisms of spontaneous psoas hematoma remain unclear, thus, it is of great value to explore.

Case Presentation: We encountered a patient who developed femoral nerve paralysis due to psoas muscle hematoma following posterior lumbar fusion surgery. A 69-year-old female with lumbar spinal canal stenosis underwent posterior lumbar fusion at the L3-4 and L4-5 levels.

Vascularized fibular epiphyseal transfer for biological reconstruction of bone defects following resection in children with proximal humeral sarcoma.

Background: The functional reconstruction of bone defects following resection of proximal humerus tumors in children poses a significant challenge. This study utilized vascularized fibular epiphyseal transfer for proximal humerus reconstruction to evaluate the outcome, complications, and survival rates.

Methods: In this study, we conducted a retrospective analysis of 13 pediatric patients who underwent vascularized fibular epiphyseal transfer for biological reconstruction following oncologic resection of the proximal humerus between 2019 and 2021.

Potential biomarkers develop for predicting the prognosis of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after optimized chemoradiotherapy using serum metabolomics.

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the most common type of esophageal cancer, characterized by low five-year survival rate, and concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) has been proposed to treat ESCC, while potential biomarkers for prognostic monitoring after optimized CCRT remains unknown.

Methods: Serum samples from 45 patients with ESCC were collected and categorized into three groups: Control (pre-CCRT), CCRT (during CCRT), and CCRT-1 M (one-month post-CCRT). The therapeutic effect was evaluated using CT imaging and established evaluation criteria.

Does income have a non-linear impact on residents' BMI? Re-examining the obesity Kuznets curve.

Background: After more than 40 years of growth, the income of Chinese residents has greatly increased; however, the problems of overweight and obesity among residents have become increasingly prominent.

Methods: We used data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) to study the relationship between residents' income and obesity using the instrumental variable (IV) method.

Results: The impact of income on residents' body mass index (BMI) is an inverted U-shape; that is, when income is low, BMI significantly rises with income, and when per capita income exceeds 57,066 yuan in 2023 prices (equivalent to 8,098 dollars), further increases in income will lead to a decrease in BMI.

Prognostic value of tumor deposits and positive lymph nodes in colorectal cancer surgery: improved staging for long-term prognosis.

Background: To evaluate the prognostic value of the presence and number of tumor deposits (TDs) and the combination of TDs and number of positive lymph nodes (PLNs) in patients undergoing colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery, and to modify N staging.

Method: The clinical data of 1470 patients with stage I-IV CRC who underwent surgery in Wuhan Union Hospital from February 2014 to May 2018 were collected. The optimal cutoff value for TD + PLNs was obtained using X-tile software, and patients were regrouped accordingly.

Chromosomal inversion at the DG1 promoter drives double-grain spikelets and enhances grain yield in sorghum.

The phenomenon of multiple-grain spikelets is frequently observed in gramineous crops. In the case of dual-floret spikelets, the upper fertile floret develops normally to form a single grain, while the lower sterile floret undergoes abortion. Here we elucidate the role of Double-Grain 1 (DG1), a gene encoding a homeobox-domain-containing protein, in regulating the lower floret meristem activity and double-grain spikelet trait in sorghum.

Dynamic Chirality in Nature-Inspired Photonic Crystal Films: Ultralong Room Temperature Phosphorescence and Stimuli-Responsive Circularly Polarized Luminescence.

Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) systems exhibiting room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are attracting considerable attention for applications in information encryption and smart sensing. However, achieving ultralong circularly polarized RTP (CPRTP) with tunable chirality and stimuli-responsive CPL remains challenging. Inspired by the color-changing properties of the butterfly, we developed a cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-based photonic crystal film with an ultralong RTP lifetime of 2.

Systemic barrier dysfunction in type 2 inflammation diseases: perspective in the skin, airways, and gastrointestinal tract.

The epithelial barrier in different organs is the first line of defense against environmental insults and allergens, with type 2 immunity serving as a protective function. Genetic factors, and biological and chemical insults from the surrounding environment altered regulate epithelial homeostasis through disruption of epithelial tight junction proteins or dilated intercellular spaces. Recent studies suggest that epithelial barrier dysfunction contributes to pathologic alteration in diseases with type 2 immune dysregulation including (but not limited to) atopic dermatitis, prurigo nodularis, asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, and eosinophilic esophagitis.

Vaginal microbiota transplantation alleviates vaginal atrophy in ovariectomized mice.

Vaginal atrophy is a prevalent symptom in menopausal women, affecting over 50% of older women and patients with loss of ovarian function. The role of factors other than estrogen, such as the vaginal microbiota (VM), in the development of vaginal atrophy has not been fully explored. Therefore, we selected 8-week-old C57 mice with bilateral ovariectomy for experimentation.

Major depressive disorder on a neuromorphic continuum.

The heterogeneity of major depressive disorder (MDD) has hindered clinical translation and neuromarker identification. Biotyping facilitates solving the problems of heterogeneity, by dissecting MDD patients into discrete subgroups. However, interindividual variations suggest that depression may be conceptualized as a "continuum," rather than as a "category.

Characterization of Nonequilibrium Interactions of Catalytic Microswimmers Using Phoretically Responsive Nanotracers.

Catalytic microswimmers convert the chemical energy from fuel into motion. They sustain chemical gradients and fluid flows that propel them by phoresis. This leads to unconventional behavior and collective dynamics, such as self-organization into complex structures.

Mobility Control of Mechanical Bonds to Modulate Energy Dissipation in Mechanically Interlocked Networks.

Mechanically interlocked networks (MINs) with dense mechanical bonds can amplify the dynamic behaviors of the mechanical bonds to exhibit decent mechanical properties. Energy dissipation resulting from mechanical bond motion is essential for improving toughness, yet effective strategies to optimize this process remain underexplored. Here, by designing mechanical bond models with controllable mobility, we establish a fortification strategy for the two key factors governing energy dissipation, host-guest recognition and sliding friction, thereby enabling mechanical property enhancement of mechanically interlocked materials.

Comparative efficacy and safety of vedolizumab and antitumor necrosis factor alfa in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: A meta-analysis.

This meta-analysis directly compares the efficacy and safety of vedolizumab and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitors for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), contrary to the previous one which provided an indirect comparison. In this meta-analysis, only the studies that directly compared two treatments (vedolizumab and TNF-α inhibitors) to each other (head-to-head approach) were considered. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science.

Tunable Hydro/Dicarboxylation of Ethylene with CO via a Barrierless Radiolytic Free-Radicals Pathway.

The hydro/dicarboxylation of ethylene (CH) feedstock with CO to produce high-value carboxylic acids is an industrially relevant yet challenging reaction due to their extremely low reactivities. Herein, we present an effective strategy to synthesize propionic acid and succinic acid from a mixture of CO and CH catalyzed by high-energy water radiolysis. The process involves the generation of CO radical anions via the barrierless attachment of hydrated electrons to CO, facilitating an ambient, continuous carboxylation of CH with an efficiency of 81.

In vitro evaluation of six intraoral scanners for cone beam computed tomography data registration in robotic-assisted implant surgery: impact of scanning experience.

Objectives: This study evaluated the accuracy of intraoral scanning (IOS) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data registration (ICR) in robotic computer-assisted implant surgery (r-CAIS) using six different intraoral scanners, considering the impact of surgeon experience.

Methods: A total of 112 standardized mandibular partially edentulous models were assigned to six experimental groups and one control group based on the intraoral scanner used. In the control group, preoperative CBCT data were registered with CBCT data from a model containing an optical tracking marker (OT-Marker).

Treatment of femoropopliteal arterial lesions with excimer laser atherectomy and drug-coated balloon.

ObjectivesProximal to mid-term effects of contrast excimer laser atherectomy (ELA) + drug-coated balloon (DCB) versus PTA + drug-coated balloon (DCB) in the treatment of new lesions in the femoral popliteal segment of patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis and occlusion.MethodsThe clinical data of 105 patients with CT-confirmed femoropopliteal segment lesions (Rutherford grades 3-6) were retrospectively analyzed. According to the computerized randomization method, 58 patients (44 males, mean 72.

Machine learning-based non-invasive continuous dynamic monitoring of human core temperature with wearable dual temperature sensors.

Objective: Due to the growing demand for personal health monitoring in extreme environments, continuous monitoring of core temperature has become increasingly important. Traditional monitoring methods, such as mercury thermometers and infrared thermometers, may have limitations in tracking real-time fluctuations in core temperature, especially in special application scenarios such as firefighting, military, and aerospace. This study aims to develop a non-invasive, continuous core temperature prediction model based on machine learning, addressing the limitations of traditional methods in extreme environments.

Detecting Changes in Singlet Oxygen and Viscosity during Apoptosis-Ferroptosis Mediated Photodynamic Therapy and Establishing Visual Imaging of Fatty Liver.

Cancer is a serious global health threat, and photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective treatment method for cancer. This therapy works by generating a large amount of singlet oxygen (O) under the influence of oxygen and light, which induces apoptosis in tumor cells, leading to their destruction. However, the resistance of cells to apoptosis limits the development of PDT, and thus the combination of ferroptosis and apoptosis provides a new perspective for PDT.

Solution-Processed Quantum Dot Micropatterns: From Liquid Manipulation to High-Performance Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diode Devices.

Micropatterning quantum dots (QDs) is a key process for making high-performance quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs), which have shown advantages in lighting and displays. So far, various solution processes have been developed for fabricating micropatterned QDs, where both uniform distribution and well-defined edges are desirable. Very recently, with the flourishing of near-eye displays, high-resolution QD micropatterns appear particularly attractive, which regretfully have progressed poorly due to the extremely complicated liquid dynamics at microscale.

Tunable Transfer-Hydrodeoxygenated Upgrading of Lignin-Derived Propylphenols to Versatile Value-Added Alkane-Based Chemicals.

Catalytic refining of lignin holds promise for producing sustainable platform chemicals. In this work, a gaseous hydrogen-free catalytic hydrodeoxygenation system is developed for upgrading lignin-derived phenols to alkane chemicals. Commercially available Raney Ni and HZSM-5 are used as a combinational catalyst, with isopropanol serving as the hydrogen-donating solvent.

Efficient Photothermoelectric Conversion of CSS@BP/BiTe Array for Innovative Aircraft Attitude Recognition.

The realization of fast, simple and efficient flight attitude recognition is crucial for flight safety and control stability, but still faces challenges in new materials and technologies. Herein, a chloroplast-like selenium-doped copper sulfide@black phosphorus (CSS@BP) composite material is prepared by ultrasonic chemical synthesis using BP nanosheets to effectively absorb light energy and disperse CSS layers to promote rapid photothermal conversion, which shows the temperature change more than ≈40 °C and an excellent photothermal conversion efficiency of 68.9% at 405 nm, corresponding to the theoretical calculation results.

The mediating role of circulating inflammatory cytokines in causal associations between plasma metabolites and asymptomatic bile duct and cholecyst calculus: A Mendelian randomization study.

Asymptomatic gallbladder and biliary tract calculus may make into symptomatic disease or bring anxiety for patients. The formation of gallstones was associated with genetic risk factors and metabolic abnormalities. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data of 1400 plasma metabolites (PMs) and 91 circulating inflammatory cytokines (CICs) were obtained from the GWAS catalog, while the GWAS data of calculus of gallbladder without cholecystitis and calculus of bile duct without cholangitis or cholecystitis were retrieved from the IEU OpenGWAS project.

Therapeutic potential of triple-negative breast cancer immune checkpoint blockers: A 21-year bibliometric analysis.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive metastatic subtype of BC that frequently develops chemoresistance. Immune checkpoint blockers (ICB) have led to breakthroughs in TNBC treatment. This study aimed to explore research trends and public interest in ICB interventions for TNBC.