Decoding Alzheimer's Disease With Depression: Molecular Insights and Therapeutic Target.

The purpose of this study was to recognise predictive biomarkers and explore the promising therapeutic targets of AD with depression. We confirmed a positive correlation between AD and depression through MR Analysis. Through WGCNA analysis, we identified 1569 genes containing two modules, which were most related to AD.

Regulating the Crystallization and Morphology of PbI Precursor Films for the Growth of High-Quality Perovskite Films via Vapor-Solid Reaction.

Developing vapor-solid reaction methods to prepare organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite thin films is highly compatible with processes in crystalline silicon solar cells and the thin-film photovoltaic industries, facilitating rapid industrialization. In the vapor-solid reaction, the crystallization quality of perovskite thin films is widely influenced by the crystallinity and microstructure of lead iodide (PbI) precursor films. During the thermal evaporation process of preparing the PbI precursor films, we observed that PbI tends to develop a disordered surface morphology and exhibits high crystallinity, which significantly hinders the uniform diffusion of the organic amine salt vapor during the subsequent vapor-solid reaction.

Comparison of Early Functional Recovery Following Triportal Robot-Assisted and Uniportal Video-Assisted Segmentectomy in Patients With Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Background: Robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (RATS) is more precise and flexible than video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. This study compared the early postoperative functional recovery of patients who underwent triportal RATS with that of patients who underwent uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery (UVATS) for segmentectomy.

Methods: This observational, prospective study included 172 patients with clinical stage I or II peripheral NSCLC who underwent RATS or UVATS segmentectomy.

In Situ Raman Spectra and Machine Learning Assistant Thermal Annealing Optimization for Effective Phototransistors.

The relationship between the structure and function of condensed matter is complex and changeable, which is especially suitable for combination with machine learning to quickly obtain optimized experimental conditions. However, little research has been done on the effect of temperature on condensed matter and how it affects device performance because the difference between the in situ physical property parameters (which are lowered by the surface tension and mixing entropy) and the basic parameters of the bulk makes accurate AI predictions difficult. In this work, P3HT/ITIC was chosen as the donor/acceptor material for the active layer of organic phototransistors (OPTs).

Enantioselective Behaviors and Risk Assessments of Chiral Pesticide Mefentrifluconazole in Four Types of Fruits and Vegetables.

Mefentrifluconazole was the first novel isopropyl alcohol triazole fungicide. Existing research indicated that mefentrifluconazole had high activity and low toxicity, presenting potential for monocase application, while limited data existed on its enantioselective dissipation in crops. Here, after confirming the absolute configuration, the enantioselective dissipation and risk assessments of chiral mefentrifluconazole in soybeans, peanuts, tomatoes, grapes, and soil were conducted.

First Report of Goji Fruit Rot Caused by in Ningxia, China.

Goji berry (Lycium barbarum L.) is a fruit with high nutritional and medicinal value, widely cultivated in northwest China (Wang et al. 2023).

Photoredox Nickel-Catalyzed Coupling/Controllable Defluorination: Access to α-Fluoroarylacetic Amides and Acetates.

Herein, an electron donor-acceptor complex (EDA)-enabled photoredox nickel-catalyzed coupling/controllable defluorination domino sequence has been successfully developed, providing an efficient route to a series of α-fluoroarylacetic esters and amides. This methodology accommodates a diverse array of commercially available aryl bromides and chlorodifluoroaryl carboxylic acid derivatives as suitable substrates. Preliminary mechanistic investigations suggest that the reaction is initiated by photoinduced EDA-enabled/nickel-catalyzed direct cross-electrophile coupling, with further defluorination proceeding through the generation of EDA complexes, facilitating a controllable reductive defluorination process.

Phosphating CoMoO-Modified Hematite-Based Photoanode Enhances Surface Charge Transfer and Reaction Activity for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation.

The photoelectrochemical properties of hematite-based photoanodes are hindered by severe carrier recombination and poor reaction activity, which is a major challenge. Herein, we coupled zirconium-doped α-FeO (Zr:FeO) and phosphating cobalt molybdate electrocatalyst (P-CoMoO) to ameliorate the above difficulties. The conductivity and carrier density of hematite significantly increase by Zr doping.

Hydrodynamics of the small vessel as described in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

Small volume dissolution systems are commonly used in dissolution testing, primarily in method development for low dose formulations compared to standard dissolution apparatuses used with evaluation of larger formulations. This is typically done because of cost savings associated with using smaller media volumes and sample sizes, to overcome the lack of material in early development, and to provide higher analytical sensitivity and discrimination ability. The Chinese Pharmacopoeia (CP) includes a small dissolution apparatus in their list ("Method 3 (Small Vessel)") (The State Pharmacopoeia Commission of P.

Danshen-Chuanxiong-Honghua Ameliorates Neurological Function and Inflammation in Traumatic Brain injury in Rats via Modulating Ghrelin/GHSR.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Guanxin II, proposed by Chen Keji (National master of traditional Chinese medicine), possesses cerebral-protective effect. Interestingly, its simplified prescription Danshen-Chuanxiong-Honghua (DCH) can also clinically ameliorate cerebral impairment and improve spatial cognitive deficits, similar to original formula's function.

Aim Of The Study: We aimed to elucidate the rationality of DCH's natural existence, qualitatively identify DCH-derived phytochemicals, thereby validate cerebral protective effect, and expose potential mechanism of DCH and its main absorbed compound ferulic acid (FA).

The transcription factor mesenchyme homeobox 1 exacerbates hepatic fibrosis by transcriptional activation of connective tissue growth factor.

As a chronic condition, liver fibrosis is characterized by diverse etiological factors, and the pivotal event to its pathogenesis is the activation of quiescent hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) into myofibroblasts. Mesenchyme homeobox 1 (MEOX1) is a transcription factors central to cellular development and differentiation. However, the role of MEOX1 signaling in hepatic fibrosis still remains largely unknown.

Distribution and potential sources of iodine in particulate matter at an industrial city in Northwest China.

Iodine plays a key role in atmospheric chemistry that can significantly affect the atmospheric oxidation capacity. Although the oceans are the main reservoir of iodine on Earth, iodine is also widely present in the terrestrial environment. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the present sources of iodine in inland areas is warranted for the evaluation of its environmental effect.

Sucrose improve Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LIP-1's tolerance to heat by increasing biofilm production.

Optimizing the carbon source to increase biofilm production and thus boost the heat tolerance of strains is a promising strategy. However, related research is scarce. This study investigated the effects of varying glucose and sucrose amounts added to MRS medium on biofilm production and heat tolerance by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LIP-1.

A feasibility study of automating radiotherapy planning with large language model agents.

: Radiotherapy planning requires significant expertise to balance tumor control and organ-at-risk (OAR) sparing. Automated planning can improve both efficiency and quality. This study introduces GPT-Plan, a novel multi-agent system powered by the GPT-4 family of large language models (LLMs), for automating the iterative radiotherapy plan optimization.

Engineering strategies for the construction of oriented and functional skeletal muscle tissues.

The growth and formation of tissues, such as skeletal muscle, involve a complex interplay of spatiotemporal events, including cell migration, orientation, proliferation, and differentiation. With the continuous advancement of in vitro construction techniques, many studies have contributed to skeletal muscle tissue engineering (STME). This review summarizes recent advances in the ordered construction of skeletal muscle tissues, and evaluates the impact of engineering strategies on cell behavior and maturation, including biomaterials, manufacturing methods and training means.

The NERVE-ML (Neural Engineering Reproducibility and Validity Essentials for Machine Learning) Checklist: Ensuring Machine Learning Advances Neural Engineering.

Machine learning's ability to capture intricate patterns makes it vital in neural engineering research. With its increasing use, ensuring the validity and reproducibility of machine learning methods is critical. Unfortunately, this has not always been the case in practice, as there have been recent retractions across various scientific fields due to the misuse of machine learning methods and validation procedures.

The transcription factor GmbZIP131 enhances soybean salt tolerance by regulating flavonoid biosynthesis.

Detoxifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) that accumulate under saline conditions is crucial for plant salt tolerance. The Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway functions upstream, while flavonoids act downstream, in ROS scavenging under salt stress. However, the potential crosstalk between the SOS pathway and flavonoids in regulating salt stress responses and the associated mechanisms remain largely unexplored.

A High-Modulus Dual-Cross-Linked Shell Promoting Phosphorus-Carbon Composites for Stable and High-Rate Lithium Ion Storage.

Phosphorus is considered an ideal anode material for lithium ion storage by virtue of its high theoretical capacity and moderate lithiation potential. However, issues such as large volume expansion of phosphorus leading to an electrical loss of contact and instability of the solid electrolyte interface hinder its practical performance. Improvement strategies that can effectively suppress volume expansion and provide stable electrical contacts are urgently needed.

Development of a Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Based Superhydrophobic Surface with Abrasion Resistance, Corrosion Protection, and Anti-icing.

Herein, a superhydrophobic surface was designed and fabricated based on the "lotus effect" construction mechanism. The zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-90) micro-nanoparticles were initially synthesized via a one-pot method, combined with long-chain stearic acid (STA), and subsequently embedded in polyvinyl butyral (PVB) to form a superhydrophobic surface at room temperature. The superhydrophobic surface demonstrated mechanical stability and retained its superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle (CA) greater than 150°, even at a wear distance of 400 cm.

Allergenicity Reduction of Shrimp () via Fucoidan-Mediated Covalent Modification: Insights from Epitope Modifying Effect.

Covalent modification is an effective strategy for reducing allergenicity to individual allergens, but there are few studies on this strategy modifying specific amino acids within epitopes under the influence of food matrix. This study used fucoidan to covalently modify shrimp () and combined mass spectrometry and bioinformatics techniques to explore epitope modification. The results showed that lower concentrations (<2.

Adhesion-Assisted Antioxidant-Engineered Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Enhanced Cardiac Repair in Myocardial Infarction.

Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy holds great promise for treating myocardial infarction (MI). However, the inflammatory and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-rich environment in infarcted myocardium challenges MSC survival, limiting its therapeutic impact. In this study, we demonstrate that chemical modification of MSCs with anti-VCAM1 and polydopamine (PD) significantly enhances MSC survival and promotes cardiac repair.

Gold-Catalyzed Synthesis of (Dihydro)quinolones by Cyclization of Benzaldehyde-Tethered Ynamides and Anilines.

2-Quinolones represent a versatile class of compounds that are prevalent in natural and medicinally relevant molecules. Here we report a new approach to the selective formation of these structures. By gold catalysis, a range of benzaldehyde-tethered ynamides reacted with anilines, leading to 4-amino-3,4-dihydro-2-quinolones with high efficiency and excellent diastereoselectivity in dichloromethane.

Genetic evidence for the suppressive role of zebrafish vhl targeting mavs in antiviral innate immunity during RNA virus infection.

The von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene VHL is a classic tumor suppressor that has been identified in family members with clear cell renal cell carcinomas, central nervous system and retinal hemangioblastomas, phaeochromocytomas, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. The well-defined function of VHL is to mediate proteasomal degradation of hydroxylated hypoxia-inducible factor α proteins, resulting in the downregulation of hypoxia-responsive gene expression. Previously, we reported that VHL inhibits antiviral signaling by targeting mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) for proteasomal degradation.

Sustainable Sulfonylation and Sulfenylation of Indoles with Thiols through Hexamolybdate/HO-Mediated Oxidative Dehydrogenation Coupling.

Arylsulfonylindole and arylsulfenylindole motifs stand as privileged scaffolds in drug discovery. Traditional methods for synthesizing these molecules have relied mainly on prefunctionalized precursors, involving multistep processes and generating a large amount of waste. In this study, we present a modular protocol for the preparation of 3-sulfonylindoles and 3-sulfenylindoles using indoles and thiols as starting materials via hexamolybdate/HO-mediated oxidative dehydrogenative C-S coupling.

A flexible pressure sensor array for self-powered identity authentication during typing.

The keyboard, a staple tool for information entry and human-machine interaction, faces demands for enhanced information security due to evolving internet technologies. This study introduces a self-powered flexible intelligent keyboard (SFIK) that harnesses the giant magnetoelastic effect to convert the mechanical pressure from key presses into electrical signals. The sensor boasts a wide sensing range (35 to 600 kPa) and a rapid response time (∼300 ms), allowing it to record and recognize individual keystroke dynamics.