Exploring host-pathogen interactions through genome wide protein microarray analysis.

During bacterial pathogenesis extensive contacts between the human and the bacterial extracellular proteomes take place. The identification of novel host-pathogen interactions by standard methods using a case-by-case approach is laborious and time consuming. To overcome this limitation, we took advantage of large libraries of human and bacterial recombinant proteins.

Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation versus Escalation of Antiarrhythmic Drugs.

Background: Recurrent ventricular tachycardia among survivors of myocardial infarction with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is frequent despite antiarrhythmic drug therapy. The most effective approach to management of this problem is uncertain.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial involving patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and an ICD who had ventricular tachycardia despite the use of antiarrhythmic drugs.

Medication Initiation Burden Required to Comply With Heart Failure Guideline Recommendations and Hospital Quality Measures.

Background: Guidelines for heart failure (HF) recommend prescription of guideline-directed medical therapy before hospital discharge; some of these therapies are included in publicly reported performance measures. The burden of new medications for individual patients has not been described.

Methods And Results: We used Get With The Guidelines-HF registry data from 2008 to 2013 to characterize prescribing, indications, and contraindications for angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, β-blockers, aldosterone antagonists, hydralazine/isosorbide dinitrate, and anticoagulants.

Biological Impact of Transpulmonary Driving Pressure in Experimental Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Background: Ventilator-induced lung injury has been attributed to the interaction of several factors: tidal volume (VT), positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), transpulmonary driving pressure (difference between transpulmonary pressure at end-inspiration and end-expiration, ΔP,L), and respiratory system plateau pressure (Pplat,rs).

Methods: Forty-eight Wistar rats received Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide intratracheally. After 24 h, animals were randomized into combinations of VT and PEEP, yielding three different ΔP,L levels: ΔP,LLOW (VT = 6 ml/kg, PEEP = 3 cm H2O); ΔP,LMEAN (VT = 13 ml/kg, PEEP = 3 cm H2O or VT = 6 ml/kg, PEEP = 9.

What is backward disequilibrium and how do i treat it? A complex patient case study.

Background And Purpose: Postural vertical refers to a component of an individual's perception of verticality that is derived from information about the direction of gravitational forces. Backward disequilibrium (BD) is a postural disorder observed in some older adults who have a distortion in their perception of postural vertical. Individuals with BD sustain their center of mass (COM) posterior to their base of support and resist correction of COM alignment.

Model-based navigation of left and right ventricular leads to optimal targets for cardiac resynchronization therapy: a single-center feasibility study.

Background: Left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular pacing site characteristics have been shown to influence response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). This study aimed to determine the clinical feasibility of image-guided lead delivery using a 3-dimensional navigational model displaying both LV and right ventricular (RV) pacing targets. Serial echocardiographic measures of clinical response and procedural metrics were evaluated.

Modulation of stress versus time product during mechanical ventilation influences inflammation as well as alveolar epithelial and endothelial response in rats.

Background: Mechanical ventilation can lead to lung biotrauma when mechanical stress exceeds safety thresholds. The authors investigated whether the duration of mechanical stress, that is, the impact of a stress versus time product (STP), influences biotrauma. The authors hypothesized that higher STP levels are associated with increased inflammation and with alveolar epithelial and endothelial cell injury.

Pregnancy with gilbert syndrome - a case report.

A primigravida presented to us at 32 weeks of gestation with vomiting, myalgia and jaundice. On examination she had icterus, she was dehydrated, uterus was corresponding to dates and the fetal heart rate was good. On evaluation, all the investigations were normal except mild unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia and hypoglycaemia.

Neuroimaging features and predictors of outcome in eclamptic encephalopathy: a prospective observational study.

Background And Purpose: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is associated with eclampsia. We assessed the distribution and nature of typical and atypical cranial MR imaging findings in these patients and their correlation with clinical and laboratory data and predictors of outcome.

Materials And Methods: Forty-five clinically confirmed cases of eclampsia were included in this prospective observational study.

Mutational analysis of the adaptor protein 2 sigma subunit (AP2S1) gene: search for autosomal dominant hypocalcemia type 3 (ADH3).

Context: Autosomal dominant hypocalcemia (ADH) types 1 and 2 are due to calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) and G-protein subunit-α11 (GNA11) gain-of-function mutations, respectively, whereas CASR and GNA11 loss-of-function mutations result in familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH) types 1 and 2, respectively. Loss-of-function mutations of adaptor protein-2 sigma subunit (AP2σ 2), encoded by AP2S1, cause FHH3, and we therefore sought for gain-of-function AP2S1 mutations that may cause an additional form of ADH, which we designated ADH3.

Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the hypothesis that gain-of-function AP2S1 mutations may cause ADH3.

The role of postoperative antibiotics in facial fractures: comparing the efficacy of a 1-day versus a prolonged regimen.

Background: The goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of the duration of postoperative antibiotics (1 day vs. ≥ 5 days) on wound infections following surgical treatment of facial fractures.

Methods: Three hundred thirty-nine patient case histories with a total of 498 fractures were reviewed retrospectively with regard to infections occurring within a 6-month period following surgical management.

2-isoxazol-3-phenyltropane derivatives of cocaine: molecular and atypical system effects at the dopamine transporter.

The present study examined RTI-371 [3β-(4-methylphenyl)-2β-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-isoxazol-5-yl]tropane], a phenyltropane cocaine analog with effects distinct from cocaine, and assessed potential mechanisms for those effects by comparison with its constitutional isomer, RTI-336 [3β-(4-chlorophenyl)-2β-[3-(4-methylphenyl)-isoxazol-5-yl]tropane]. In mice, RTI-371 was less effective than cocaine and RTI-336 in stimulating locomotion, and incompletely substituted (∼60% maximum at 5 minutes or 1 hour after injection) in a cocaine (10 mg/kg i.p.

Preclinical efficacy of N-substituted benztropine analogs as antagonists of methamphetamine self-administration in rats.

Atypical dopamine-uptake inhibitors have low abuse potential and may serve as leads for development of cocaine-abuse treatments. Among them, the benztropine (BZT) derivatives, N-butyl (JHW007), N-allyl (AHN2-005), and N-methyl (AHN1-055) analogs of 3α-[bis(4'-fluorophenyl)methoxy]-tropane dose-dependently decreased cocaine self-administration without effects on food-maintained responding. Our study examined selectivity by assessing their effects on self-administration of other drugs.

Stimulants as specific inducers of dopamine-independent σ agonist self-administration in rats.

A previous study showed that cocaine self-administration induced dopamine-independent reinforcing effects of σ agonists mediated by their selective actions at σ1 receptors (σ1Rs), which are intracellularly mobile chaperone proteins implicated in abuse-related effects of stimulants. The present study assessed whether the induction was specific to self-administration of cocaine. Rats were trained to self-administer the dopamine releaser, d-methamphetamine (0.

SLO2, a mitochondrial pentatricopeptide repeat protein affecting several RNA editing sites, is required for energy metabolism.

Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins belong to a family of approximately 450 members in Arabidopsis, of which few have been characterized. We identified loss of function alleles of SLO2, defective in a PPR protein belonging to the E+ subclass of the P-L-S subfamily. slo2 mutants are characterized by retarded leaf emergence, restricted root growth, and late flowering.

Ragsdale v. Turnock, 10 March 1988, as amended on 13 April 1988.

The plaintiffs, physicians and women seeking abortions, challenged licensing regulations imposed by the state of Illinois on abortion clinics. The Court found the following requirements to place unconstitutional burdens on a woman's right to obtain an abortion: 1) that separate licenses be obtained for facilities devoted primarily to performing first trimester abortions; 2) that a physician who was to perform an abortion also perform a pregnancy test, even if such a test had already been performed by another physician; 3) that persons undergoing abortions be given counseling which includes a discussion of alternatives, a description of procedures, and an explanation of risks and possible complications; 4) that physicians providing preabortion counseling not be involved financially in the woman's decision; 5) that facilities performing abortions comply with the physical plant and staffing provisions of the Illinois Ambulatory Surgery Treatment Center Act; and 6) "certificate of need" proceeding requirements of the Health Facilities Planning Act. In 1988, other US Courts reached the following decisions with respect to the licensing of abortion clinics: 1) a building inspector had violated the right of privacy of women to obtain abortions by classing an outpatient abortion clinic as a hospital, thereby forcing it to obtain a special-use permit to operate in the zone where it was to be sited (P.