Revealing molecular mechanisms of early-onset tongue cancer by spatial transcriptomics.

Tongue cancer at a young age demonstrates an increase in incidence, aggressiveness, and poor response to therapy. Classic etiological factors for head and neck tumors such as tobacco, alcohol, and human papillomavirus are not related to early-onset tongue cancer. Mechanisms of development and progression of this cancer remain unclear.

[Indocyanine green is an integral part of breast reconstructive surgery using perforator flaps].

Introduction: The use of allotransplants for breast reconstruction in surgical stage of the the breast cancer treatment requires tissue perfusion control. The aim of the study was to analyze the effectiveness of using indocyanine green as a drug for determining the perfusion of perforant flaps in breast reconstructive surgery.

Material And Methods: A retrospective series of observations of 27 breast reconstructions using autologous transplants is presented: 19 reconstructions with DIEP-flap, 2 with SIEA-flap, 5 with TD-flap; 1 with thoracoepigastric flap.

Multiple myeloma and infections in the era of novel treatment modalities.

Infections are major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with multiple myeloma. Current treatment landscape of newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma includes different classes of drugs, such as proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, and monoclonal antibodies, all of which are characterized by specific risk and pattern of infectious complications. Additionally, autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, widely used in the treatment of multiple myeloma, are complex procedures, carrying a significant risk of complications, and mainly infections.

Pembrolizumab Plus Axitinib Versus Sunitinib as First-line Treatment of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: 43-month Follow-up of the Phase 3 KEYNOTE-426 Study.

Previous analyses of KEYNOTE-426, an open-label, phase 3 randomized study, showed superior efficacy of first-line pembrolizumab plus axitinib to sunitinib in advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). We report results of the final protocol-prespecified analysis of KEYNOTE-426. Patients received pembrolizumab 200 mg intravenously every 3 wk plus axitinib 5 mg orally twice daily or sunitinib 50 mg orally once daily (4 wk per 6-wk cycle).

Predictive significance of HIF-1α, Snail, and PD-L1 expression in breast cancer.

Currently, the prediction of breast cancer (BC) effectiveness to drug treatment is based on determining the expression level of steroid hormone receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2). However, significant differences in individual response to drug treatment require the search for new predictive markers. Here, by comprehensively examining HIF-1α, Snail, and PD-L1 expression in BC tumor tissue, we demonstrate that high levels of these markers correlate with unfavorable factors of BC prognosis: the presence of regional and distant metastases and lymphovascular and perineural invasion.

[Study of gastric adenocarcinomas association with the Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNAs].

Objective: Assessment of the incidence of EBV-associated gastric adenocarcinomas in a sample of Russian patients, as well as clarification of the clinical and morphological characteristics and median survival of patients with EBV-associated gastric cancer.

Material And Methods: We used samples of surgical material from 282 patients with a verified diagnosis of gastric cancer. Each sample was stained by in situ hybridization using primers for the Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNAs (EBER).

[Metastatic solid pseudopapillary tumor in the perinephric fat without a primary identified focus].

Solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas is an extremely rare neoplasm of the exocrine portion of this organ, which affects mostly young women and is characterized by a low malignancy potential and a relatively benign clinical course. According to the literature, even in disease progression as metastases, the overall 5-year survival rate is more than 95%. The paper describes a clinical case of a female patient with a solid pseudopapillary pancreatic tumor regarded as a metastatic neoplasm in the retroperitoneal space after surgical treatment previously performed in 2001.

Ipatasertib plus abiraterone and prednisolone in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (IPATential150): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial.

Background: The PI3K/AKT and androgen-receptor pathways are dysregulated in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancers (mCRPCs); tumours with functional PTEN-loss status have hyperactivated AKT signalling. Dual pathway inhibition with AKT inhibitor ipatasertib plus abiraterone might have greater benefit than abiraterone alone. We aimed to compare ipatasertib plus abiraterone with placebo plus abiraterone in patients with previously untreated mCRPC with or without tumour PTEN loss.

Open-Label, Single-Arm, Phase II Study of Pembrolizumab Monotherapy as First-Line Therapy in Patients With Advanced Non-Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Purpose: Programmed death 1 (PD-1) pathway inhibitors have not been prospectively evaluated in patients with non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC). The phase II KEYNOTE-427 study (cohort B) was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of single-agent pembrolizumab, a PD-1 inhibitor, in advanced nccRCC.

Methods: Patients with histologically confirmed, measurable (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors [RECIST] version 1.

[Persistence of Epstein-Barr virus antigens in gastric cancer: characteristic of inflammatory cellular reactions in tumor].

The Aim Of The Study: Is to establish the relationship between the persistence of viral antigens of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and the cellular composition of the immune microenvironment of tumor tissue and the mucous membrane of peritumoral area in gastric cancer.

Material And Methods: We used samples of surgical material from 55 patients with a verified diagnosis of gastric cancer. The expression of CD4, CD8, CD68, CD1a and LMP-1 was assessed.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of PSMA-targeting paclitaxel conjugates.

Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most commonly occurring cancer in men. Conventional chemotherapy has wide variety of disadvantages such as high systemic toxicity and low selectivity. Targeted drug delivery is a promising approach to decrease side effects of therapy.

[Pulmonary metastases: classification and the need for staging?].

Aim: To analyze pulmonary metastases classifications which are used in Russian and foreign literature at present time.

Material And Methods: It is proposed the variant of pulmonary metastases staging depending on quantitative and regional prevalence of the process.

Results: The development of pulmonary metastases classification is advisable to determine homogeneous subgroups of patients with metastatic lesion for prospective randomized trials in order to obtain objective results about the results of surgical or other local treatment of patients with intrapulmonary metastases.

Synthesis and Investigation of Photophysical and Biological Properties of Novel S-Containing Bacteriopurpurinimides.

Novel hybrid molecule containing 2-mercaptoethylamine was synthesized starting from O-propyloxime-N-propoxy bacteriopurpurinimide (dipropoxy-BPI), which was readily oxidized in oxygen atmosphere yielding the corresponding disulfide analogue (disulfide-BPI). Spectral, photophysical, photodynamic, and biological properties of compound were properly evaluated. Compounds bearing disulfide moiety can directly interact with glutathione (GSH), thereby reducing its intracellular concentration.

Plasma Level of hsa-miR-619-5p microRNA Is Associated with Prostatic Cancer Dissemination beyond the Capsule.

Profiles of circulating microRNA in the plasma of patients with prostate cancer with pathomorphological stages pT2, pT3, and pT4 are analyzed. The level of circulating microRNA hsa-miR-619-5p is elevated in patients with extracapsular spreading of the tumor, increasing significantly from stage pT2 to stage pT4.

Changes in the Level of Circulating hsa-miR-297 and hsa-miR-19b-3p miRNA Are Associated with Generalization of Prostate Cancer.

We performed diagnostic classification of plasma specimens from patients with non-metastatic and metastatic prostate cancer based on pairs of miRNA that have no individual diagnostic significance. Of 230 miRNA detected in plasma specimens, 3 pairs were diagnostically significant. The miRNA pair hsa-miR-19b-3p and hsa-miR-297 demonstrated highest sensitivity and specificity.

[Results of malignancy detection during prophylactic medical examinations in 2013-2014].

Aim: To analyze the efficiency of prophylactic medical examination for malignancies that considerably contributes to adult mortality.

Material And Methods: The data of the national health statistics (Form 131/o, 7, 35) were used to make an expert analytical assessment of the results of prophylactic medical examinations for cancer in certain adult population groups in Russia in 2013-2014.

Results: Medical examinations covered 20.

[Therapy for Burkitt's lymphoma according to the BL-M-04 protocol: 12-year experience].

Aim: To evaluate the efficiency and toxicity of the intensive Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) therapy protocol BL-M-04.

Subjects And Methods: A total of 70 patients diagnosed with BL, including 45 men and 25 women whose age was 15 to 62 years (median age 31 years), were followed up in 2003 to 2014. Stage I (according to S.

[Intravascular leiomyomatosis].

Intravenous leiomyomatosis is a rare disease from a group of tumors with the indefinite grading potential. The paper describes two cases of intravenous leiomyomatosis with its detailed morphological pattern, molecular genetic findings, and a brief literature review. Losses of heterozygosity of microsatellite repeats thatwere located on chromosome 10 in 10q22.

Epigenetic alterations of chromosome 3 revealed by NotI-microarrays in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

This study aimed to clarify epigenetic and genetic alterations that occur during renal carcinogenesis. The original method includes chromosome 3 specific NotI-microarrays containing 180 NotI-clones associated with 188 genes for hybridization with 23 paired normal/tumor DNA samples of primary clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC). Twenty-two genes showed methylation and/or deletion in 17-57% of tumors.

An original device for intraoperative detection of small indeterminate nodules†.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of our newly designed tactile mechanoreceptor in detection of pulmonary lesions during thoracoscopy.

Methods: Twenty-seven patients with peripheral undetermined subpleural solitary pulmonary lesions detected on computed tomography were included in a prospective non-randomized trial. All nodules from 7 to 18 mm in diameter were located deep in the lung parenchyma (≥ 10 mm from the lung surface).