Oral cancer stem cells: A comprehensive review of key drivers of treatment resistance and tumor recurrence.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide with high recurrence rates and resistance to conventional therapies. Recent studies have highlighted the pivotal role of oral cancer stem cells (OCSCs) in driving treatment resistance and tumor recurrence. OCSCs possess unique properties, including self-renewal, differentiation potential, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which contribute to their ability to survive treatment and initiate tumor relapse.

Synergistic design of CuO/CoFe₂O₄/MWCNTs ternary nanocomposite for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline under visible light.

This study involves a novel CuO/CoFe₂O₄/MWCNTs (CCT) nanocomposite, developed by integrating cobalt ferrite (CoFe₂O₄) and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), for the degradation of tetracycline (TC) under visible light. The photocatalyst was extensively characterized using XRD, HR-SEM, EDX, HR-TEM, UV-Vis, BET, and PL analysis. The synthesized CoFe₂O₄ and CuO nanoparticles exhibited crystallite sizes of 46.

Sustainable Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent-Mediated Synthesis of Magnesium Zirconate Nanoparticles: A Photocatalyst for the Degradation of Anti-Viral Drug.

The anti-viral drug hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has captivated significant interest in the pharmaceutical field, as it is a quinolone derivative. Its unrestrained occurrence causes prominent health hazards owing to its persistent, carcinogenic, recalcitrant, and teratogenic nature. Herein, in this work, an experimental investigation was carried out toward the photocatalytic degradation of HCQ drug using magnesium zirconate (MgZrO) nanoparticles as an effective photocatalyst.

Impact of a structured teaching on the ill effects of tobacco chewing among Indian adults.

Tobacco chewing remains a prevalent health issue globally, particularly in India, where it is deeply ingrained in cultural practices. This study evaluates the impact of a structured teaching program on knowledge regarding the ill effects of tobacco chewing among adults enrolled in arts and commerce colleges in Patan, India. A quasi-experimental design was employed, with 100 participants recruited from arts and commerce colleges.

SARS-CoV-2 impairs male fertility by targeting semen quality and testosterone level: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Since the discovery of COVID-19 in December 2019, the novel virus has spread globally causing significant medical and socio-economic burden. Although the pandemic has been curtailed, the virus and its attendant complication live on. A major global concern is its adverse impact on male fertility.

Distinctive Anatomical Patterns of the Mandibular Coronoid Process, Condyle, and Sigmoid Notch: Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Imaging for Advanced Personal Identification.

Introduction: The human mandible plays a significant role in personal identification due to its unique morphological characteristics. The coronoid process, condyle, and sigmoid notch exhibit variations that can be utilized for forensic and anthropological purposes. This study aims to analyze the morphological diversities of these mandibular features in our ethnic group using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging.

Sorghum drought tolerance is enhanced by cerium oxide nanoparticles via stomatal regulation and osmolyte accumulation.

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] yield is limited by the coincidence of drought during its sensitive stages. The use of cerium oxide nanoparticles in agriculture is minimal despite its antioxidant properties.

A Rare Case Report of Dedifferentiated Endometrioid Carcinoma.

Dedifferentiated endometrioid carcinoma (DEC) is an exceptionally rare subtype of endometrial cancer characterized by a high-grade component juxtaposed with a low-grade endometrioid adenocarcinoma. This case report presents a unique instance of dedifferentiated endometrioid carcinoma in a 64-year-old female patient who presented with post-menopausal bleeding and abdominal pain. Diagnostic evaluation including imaging studies and histopathological examination revealed a mixed tumor comprising both high-grade and low-grade components.

Evaluation of Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes and Natural Killer Cell Distribution in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Oral Epithelial Dysplasia: An Immunohistochemical Study.

Background The tumor microenvironment comprises stromal cells, a few immune cells, vascular channels, and an extracellular matrix. The immune cells play a pivotal role in arresting the development of various tumors by identifying and killing the abnormal tumor cells. These immune cells with cytotoxic function include the natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T lymphocytes.

Identification and Evaluation of Cancer Stem Cells in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Oral Epithelial Dysplasia Using NANOG: An Immunohistochemical Study.

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity may show precursor lesions, termed as potentially malignant disorders, of which leukoplakia is the most frequent one. Oral leukoplakia is a clinical diagnosis for which the histological diagnosis may be either hyperplasia or oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and sometimes even oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Cancer stem cells (CSCs), identified in various tumors, are a specific group of cells that exhibit the properties of self-renewal and differentiation.

Chitosan-nanoclay embolic material for catheter-directed arterial embolization.

Minimally invasive transcatheter embolization is a common nonsurgical procedure in interventional radiology. It is used for the deliberate occlusion of blood vessels for the treatment of disease or injured vasculature, including vascular malformation and malignant/benign tumors. Here, we introduce a gel embolic agent comprising chitosan nanofibers and nanoclay with excellent catheter injectability and tunable mechanical properties for embolization.

γ-Ray-Induced Photocatalytic Activity of Bi-Doped PbS toward Organic Dye Removal under Sunlight.

Photocatalysts based on semiconducting chalcogenides due to their adaptable physio-chemical characteristics are attracting attention. In this work, Bi-doped PbS (henceforth PbS:Bi) was prepared using a straightforward chemical precipitation approach, and the influence of γ-irradiation on PbS's photocatalytic ability was investigated. Synthesized samples were confirmed structurally and chemically.

Blood pressure control in hypertensive sleep apnoea patients of the European Sleep Apnea Database cohort - effects of positive airway pressure and antihypertensive medication.

Aims: We analysed longitudinal blood pressure (BP) data from hypertensive obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients in the European Sleep Apnea Database cohort. The study investigated the interaction between positive airway pressure (PAP)-induced BP change and antihypertensive treatment (AHT).

Methods And Results: Hypertensive patients with AHT [monotherapy/dual therapy = 1283/652, mean age 59.

Inhibition of Oral Fibrinogenesis Through Transforming Growth Factor-Beta/SMAD2/3 Signalling Inhibition Using Mangosteen Pericarp Extract.

Background Chewing areca nuts can result in an oral disorder known as oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), which has the potential to be cancerous. Although it is only beginning to spread to European and the North American continents, it is highly prevalent in Southeast Asia. The probability of malignant transformation from OSF is raised by chewing tobacco use.

Super oriented cycles in permutations.

The degree of dissimilarity between genome sequences of homologous species is a measure of the evolutionary distance between them. It serves as a metric in the construction of phylogenetic trees, which depict the evolutionary relationships and common ancestry among different species. Given two genome sequences, evolutionary distance is determined by estimating the number of global mutations that transform one sequence to the other.

Biopolymer supported electroanalytical methods for the determination of biomolecules and food additives - a comprehensive perspective.

This review aims at highlighting the significant role biopolymers play in a multitude of fields such as medical diagnostics, the cosmetics industry, food toxicity, and environmental sensing applications. The development of biomaterials, their properties, evaluation, and applications have been subjects of interest for researchers in recent years. Biomaterials and nanomaterials increase the sensing platforms' adaptability and may enable the development of sensors by taking advantage of their new and synergistic features.

Parents' perceptions and concerns regarding pediatric dental care under general anesthesia in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia): a cross-sectional study.

The prevalence of dental caries in Saudi children is estimated to be 80% for primary dentition and 70% for permanent dentition. Dental treatment under general anesthesia (GA) might be recommended for children with uncooperative behavior or complicated dental treatment requirements. Despite its advantages, some parents have concerns regarding this approach.

Clinical decision support system for early detection of Alzheimer's disease using an enhanced gradient boosted decision tree classifier.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common forms of dementia contributing to more than 70% of the cases. The factors accounting for the cause and progression of neurodegenerative diseases like AD are primarily genetic, in addition to life style and environmental factors. Early and accurate diagnoses of AD empower practitioners to take timely clinical decisions and preventive actions.

Surgeon Ratings of the Severity of Idiopathic Median Neuropathy at the Carpal Tunnel Are Not Influenced by Magnitude of Incapability.

Background: Accurately distinguishing the severity of pathophysiology from the level of symptom intensity and incapability is a foundation of effective treatment strategies under the biopsychosocial paradigm of illness. With respect to idiopathic median neuropathy at the carpal tunnel (the symptoms and signs of which are referred to as carpal tunnel syndrome), surgeons who are more likely to recommend surgery based on the magnitude of symptoms and incapability rather than the severity of neuropathy may be underappreciating and undertreating mental health opportunities and overtreating mild, and on occasion unmeasurable, disease. A survey-based experiment that randomizes elements of the patient presentation can help determine the relative influence of magnitude of incapability on ratings of pathology severity.