Avoidance and Management of Complications in Retrosigmoid Approach to Vestibular Schwannomas.

An experience with two rare complications during surgery of vestibular schwannomas (VSs) is presented, and measures to avoid and manage the complications are discussed.Case A: Spinal cord ischemia in semi-sitting position: A 47-year-old with a giant vestibular schwannoma (VS) underwent surgery through a retrosigmoid approach in the semi-sitting position. The intraoperative phase was uneventful, except for an episode of moderate hypotension.

Thoracic Epidural Chronic Inflammatory Lesion: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Chronic inflammatory lesions (CIL) in the body are rare and inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) is a subtype of CIL. Spine is an uncommon location of CIL, with most cases reported in the thoracic spine. Our objective was to review the current literature on IPT.

Treatment Strategies and Current Results of Petroclival Meningiomas.

Petroclival meningiomas (PCMs) are complex skull-base tumors that continue to pose a formidable surgical challenge to neurosurgeons because of their deep-seated location/intimate relationship with the brainstem and neurovascular structures. The advent of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), along with the shifting of management goals from complete radiological cure to maximal preservation of the patient's quality of life (QOL), has further cluttered the topic of "optimal management" in PCMs. Not all patients with PCM need treatment ("watchful waiting").

SRS for Vestibular Schwannomas - Current Status.

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is an established modality of treatment for vestibular schwannomas (VS). We aim to summarize the evidence-based use of SRS in VSs and address the specific considerations pertaining to the same, along with our own clinical experiences. A thorough review of the literature was done to gather evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of SRS in VSs.

Significance of Dosimetric Parameters in Patients Undergoing Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Vestibular Schwannoma.

Unlabelled: Vestibular schwannoma (VS) is a benign, encapsulated, and slow-growing tumor of the myelin-forming cells of the 8th cranial nerve. Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) has become a widely accepted primary treatment modality for small- to medium-sized VSs. In the case of VS, highly conformal, precisely focused radiation is delivered to the acoustic tumor in a single session under the direct supervision of a radiosurgery team.

Targeted exome sequencing in South Indian patients with Familial hypercholesterolemia.

Background: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder with elevated LDL-C levels which can ultimately lead to premature Coronary Artery Disease (CAD).

Objectives: In presence of limited genetic data on FH in India, the present study was aimed to determine the mutation spectrum in Indian FH patients using a targeted exome sequencing.

Methods: 54 FH cases (31 index cases + 23 extended family members) were categorized according to Dutch Lipid Clinic Network Criteria (DLCNC).

Microsurgery of Giant Intracranial Aneurysm: A Single Institution Outcome Study.

Background: Giant intracranial aneurysms (GIAs) are treacherous lesions and in spite of the many advances, endovascular therapy (EVT) of GIAs is challenging.

Objective: A retrospective analysis of our results with microsurgery of GIAs is presented to examine the role of microsurgery in the current trend of EVT.

Materials And Methods: Between 1996 and 2019, 134 patients with 147 GIAs had microsurgery by the senior author in a single institute.

'To reveal or to conceal'- Disclosure strategies in parents of children with epilepsy in India.

Purpose: Disclosure of epilepsy is a relevant but under-researched topic in epilepsy research. This study was done to assess the disclosure strategies in parents of CWE in a developing country with conservative culture. The study also assessed the influence of demographic factors and seizure characteristics on the choice of disclosure.

Diagnosis and Management of Osteoarticular Tuberculosis: A Drastic Change in Mind Set Needed-It is Not Enough to Simply Diagnose TB.

Background: In the era of increasing drug resistance in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), it is prudent to assess causes of poor response to anti tubercular therapy (ATT) and drug sensitivity pattern (DSP) in osteoarticular TB.

Materials And Methods: As a part of Bombay Orthopaedic society's research project, members were asked to refer non responders to ATT to our institute. Cases were enrolled from October 2010 to March 2014.

Meningioma in a patient with Werner syndrome.

Werner syndrome (WS), also known as adult progeria, is extremely rare, with about 1300 known cases in the world, with over 1000 of these in Japan. It occurs due to loss of function mutations in the WRN gene located on chromosome 8p12. WS is characterized by premature aging and increased risk of neoplasms, with meningiomas being the commonest intracranial tumor.

Indian consensus on gastroesophageal reflux disease in adults: A position statement of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology.

The Indian Society of Gastroenterology developed this evidence-based practice guideline for management of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in adults. A modified Delphi process was used to develop this consensus containing 58 statements, which were generated by electronic voting iteration as well as face-to-face meeting and review of the supporting literature primarily from India. These statements include 10 on epidemiology, 8 on clinical presentation, 10 on investigations, 23 on treatment (including medical, endoscopic, and surgical modalities), and 7 on complications of GERD.

Indian consensus on chronic constipation in adults: A joint position statement of the Indian Motility and Functional Diseases Association and the Indian Society of Gastroenterology.

The Indian Motility and Functional Diseases Association and the Indian Society of Gastroenterology developed this evidence-based practice guideline for management of chronic constipation. A modified Delphi process was used to develop this consensus containing 29 statements, which were generated by electronic voting iteration as well as face to face meeting and review of the supporting literature primarily from India. These statements include 9 on epidemiology, clinical presentation, and diagnostic criteria; 8 on pathophysiology; and the remaining 12 on investigations and treatment.

Unusual Asymptomatic Fluorodeoxyglucose Avid Pheochromocytoma in a Case of Myxoid Liposarcoma of the Extremity on -F Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-computed Tomography.

Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of rare tumors and arise either from soft tissue or from bone. Soft-tissue sarcomas (STSs) initially metastasize to the lungs. Metastases to extrapulmonary sites such as liver, brain, and soft tissue distant from primary tumor usually develop later.

Importance of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Rifampicin.

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is a routinely practised clinical laboratory technique which aids the clinicians with a clear clinical judgement of the drug therapy and optimize the doses if necessary. Rifampicin is the most important and potent component of first line therapy of tuberculosis (TB). Several factors like age, weight, gender, doses and formulations, gastro-intestinal disorders, ethnicity etc alter the absorption and bioavailability of rifampicin thus altering the drug levels.

Multiple Skin Abscesses and Myofibrosis of Bilateral Lower Limbs Following Repeated Intramuscular Injection of Pentazocine with Concomitant Tuberculous Infection.

Introduction: Prescription drug abuse is a major health problem across the globe. Various complications associated with repeated injection of pentazocine are reported in the literature, including skin fibrosis, skin abscesses and ulceration, abnormal skin pigmentation and fibrous myopathy.

Case Report: We present a case of 48 year male with history of pentazocine abuse.

Rare case of primary inferior vena cava leiomyosarcoma on F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan: Differentiation from nontumor thrombus in a background of procoagulant state.

We report a rare case of leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava (IVC) in which F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) scan provided vital evidence, which led to its diagnosis, in a background of procoagulant state of the patient, where previous ultrasound-Doppler and echocardiography studies were nonspecific and revealed bilateral lower limb deep vein thrombosis with thrombus in IVC. The whole body F-18 FDG PET-CT scan was done in view of no significant improvement in clinical status of the patient over few months in spite of appropriate medical management. FDG PET-CT scan revealed high grade uptake in a large mass lesion occupying the right atrium, extending superiorly into terminal superior vena cava, inferiorly into dilated IVC and probably into hepatic veins.

Nail cosmetics.

The nail as an anatomic structure protects the terminal phalanx of the digit from injury. Historically, it has served as a tool for protection and for survival. As civilizations developed, it attained the additional function of adornment.