A Rare Presentation of Malignant Melanoma in an Adult: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Insights.

This case presents a rare and aggressive manifestation of malignant melanoma, initially presenting as a chest wall swelling in a young male with a history of trauma and subsequent management for hemothorax and pyothorax. The complexity of this case lies in its atypical presentation and the challenges posed in diagnosis and treatment. A 30-year-old gentleman presented to the general surgery clinic with a chief complaint of swelling on the right side of his chest, persisting for two months following a traumatic fall, which later resulted in hemothorax and prothorax required drainage and eventually ended up developing a swelling requiring further investigations.

Adverse Effects of Cancer Treatment in Patients With Cervical Cancer.

Background: In lower- to middle-income countries such as India, the literature on the adverse effects (AEs) of cancer treatment in patients with cervical cancer is very limited. This knowledge gap provides an opportunity to investigate and improve the quality of life for women with cervical cancer.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the AEs of various cancer treatment combinations in patients with cervical cancer.

Prediabetes: An overlooked risk factor for major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events in atrial fibrillation patients.

Background: Prediabetes is a well-established risk factor for major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). However, the relationship between prediabetes and MACCE in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients has not been extensively studied. Therefore, this study aimed to establish a link between prediabetes and MACCE in AF patients.

Rising trends in the burden of cardiovascular comorbidities and major adverse cardiovascular events among young female smokers in two national cohorts studied ten years apart (2017 vs. 2007).

Background: Ample evidence suggests that female smokers face a greater risk of smoking-related health problems than male smokers. Due to the growing number of young smokers in the United States, there has been limited information on the effects of smoking on young female smokers over the past decade.

Methods: Hospitalizations of young (18-44 years) female tobacco smokers were identified using the National Inpatient Sample datasets from 2007 and 2017.

Navigating the Complexities of Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Preterm Infants: An Updated Review.

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a type of bleeding that occurs in the ventricular cavity of the brain. In this comprehensive study, we provide a summary of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants. Preterm babies are at high risk of developing IVH because their germinal matrix is not fully developed, making their blood vessels more prone to rupture.

Cardio-Metabolic Disease and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS): A Narrative Review.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is considered the most common endocrine disorder affecting females in today's world. Although it has been primarily studied and discussed in terms of its reproductive symptoms such as infertility, amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea, acne, hirsutism, and mood disorders, there is yet another unexplored and under-diagnosed category in the PCOS spectrum of diseases: its cardio-metabolic consequences. PCOS patients are prone to these abnormalities from a very young age, increasing their morbidity and mortality rates compared to their regular counterparts.

Fibromyalgia and Depression: A Literature Review of Their Shared Aspects.

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain syndrome characterized by widespread, persistent pain that lasts more than three months without an evident organic lesion. FM has been considered controversial throughout history due to its validity as a diagnosis being constantly in question. Most patients diagnosed with FM are females.

Hybrid Conferences in the Post-COVID-19 Era: Time Yet for a Paradigm Shift for Medical Associations.

Unlabelled: Since the first COVID-19 lockdown in India was declared, all scientific conferences and related activities have been conducted in online formats (1). The ACS(I) [Association of Cutaneous Surgeons (India)] conducted its Annual National Conference called ACSICON-2021 for over 1150 delegates in mid-2021 in a hybrid mode. ACS(I) was one of the first organizations to embrace the hybrid conferencing strategy in the post-COVID-19 era in India.

Anterior Subconjunctival Anesthesia for Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of anterior subconjunctival anesthesia (ASCA) with sub-tenon's anesthesia (STA) for manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS), regarding pain, akinesia, surgeon comfort, and complications.

Methods: This trial randomized 164 patients into two groups. Group 1 received ASCA, and Group 2 received STA.

Impact of accreditation on documentation and staff perception in the ophthalmology department of an Indian medical college.

Purpose: National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers operates the health-care accreditation program in India. Research on impact of accreditation on eye-care centers is scarce. This article was conceptualized to scientifically evaluate the changes in documentation brought about by accreditation and its effects on staff in the Ophthalmology Department of an Indian Medical College.

Psychological well-being in medical undergraduates in a rural medical college in South India.

Background: Medical colleges strive to create a learning environment best suitable for undergraduate medical education. In this process, measures taken can affect and influence the medical undergraduate psychological well-being. The demands of medical education lead to a psychological distress far beyond that experienced by the students of other specialties.

Efficacy and safety of intraoperative intracameral mydriasis in manual small incision cataract surgery - A randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of intracameral mydriatic solution, as compared to preoperative topical mydriatics, in patients undergoing manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) under peribulbar anesthesia. To assess the sustainability of intracameral mydriasis in MSICS by monitoring pupil size at specific junctures during the surgery.

Methods: This trial recruited 127 patients, who underwent MSICS under peribulbar block.

Histopathological Study of Central Nervous System Lesions: Emphasizing Association of Neoplasms with ABO Blood Groups.

Introduction: The Central Nervous System (CNS) lesions show considerable geographic and racial variations with respect to the incidence and the pattern of distribution of lesions. The ABO blood status is a readily accessible factor in genetic constitution of the patients. It has been shown to be associated with many diseases.

Atypical parathyroid adenoma.

Parathyroid lesions clinically manifest themselves in the form of primary hyperparathyroidism most of the times. Parathyroid adenoma constitutes one of the important causes of the same. Although rare, they pose considerable diagnostic dilemma to the pathologist.

Evaluation of accuracy of ambulatory glucose profile in an outpatient setting in children with type 1 diabetes.

Background: In children with type 1 diabetes, intensive diabetes management has been demonstrated to reduce long-term microvascular complications. At present, self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) by patients at home and glycated hemoglobin estimation every 3 months are used to monitor glycemic control in children. Recently, ambulatory glucose profile (AGP) is increasingly being used to study the glycemic patterns in adults.

Jadassohn Lewandowsky Syndrome: A Rare Entity.

Pachyonychia congenita (PC) is a rare autosomal dominant genodermatosis characterized by hyperkeratosis affecting the nails and palmoplantar areas, oral leucokeratosis, and cystic lesions. It is classically subdivided into two major variants, PC-1 (Jadassohn-Lewandowski syndrome) and PC-2 (Jackson-Lawler syndrome), according to the localization of the mutations in the KRT6A/KRT16 or KRT6B/KRT17 genes, respectively. We report a 9-year-old male patient with a history of thickened, discolored nails, raised spiny skin lesions all over the body since birth with focal plantar keratoderma and absence of natal teeth.

Lymphatic filariasis: A view at pathological diversity.

Filariasis is traditionally diagnosed following screening of peripheral smear for microfilaria. Clinically lymphatic filariasis mimics the common local diseases. Thus, it is plausible to observe this parasitic infection in histological sections.

Metastatic or metachronous adamantinoma: An Enigma.

Adamantinoma is an uncommon tumour of low grade malignancy in terms of biologic aggressiveness; metastasis occurring many years after amputation. A young male underwent an above knee amputation of left leg for adamantinoma of tibia. He returned with pain and swelling in his right thigh five years later.

Morphological spectrum of pilar cysts.

Background: Cysts of the skin are one of the commonly excised specimens in the surgical outpatient department. A majority of them being clinically diagnosed as sebaceous cysts, their true nature is only discernible on histopathological examination. Closer examination of the type of keratinization involved will throw light into the exact nature of the cyst.

Aggressive giant cell tumor of the anterior arc of the rib.

Giant cell tumor of bone also known as osteoclastoma is a distinct clinical, roentgenographic and pathologic entity with specific characteristics. It is a benign but locally aggressive neoplasm, classically seen as a purely lytic lesion of the epiphyseal or metaphyseal-epiphyseal region of long tubular bones extending to the articular surface. It usually occurs after skeletal maturation and is one of the rare bone tumors that more frequently affects women.