Stereotactic body radiotherapy boost as an alternative to brachytherapy for cervical cancer: A scoping review.

Purpose: This scoping review aims to evaluate the evidence for stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) boost as a potential alternative for brachytherapy (BCT) in treating cervical cancer.

Material And Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases. Studies investigating SBRT boost in cervical cancer patients who were either contraindicated for or refused BCT were included.

The Senologic International Society Survey on Ductal Carcinoma : Present and Future.

Objective: Therapeutic management of ductal carcinoma (DCIS) is heterogeneous among countries worldwide, and some treatment indications are still controversial. To investigate DCIS management in different countries; identify both consensual practices and controversial topics; and survey opinions about the future management of DCIS.

Materials And Methods: The Senologic International Society network members participated to an online survey using a questionnaire, between November 2021 and February 2022.

Autophagy Regulation and Photodynamic Therapy: Insights to Improve Outcomes of Cancer Treatment.

Cancer is considered an age-related disease that, over the next 10 years, will become the most prevalent health problem worldwide. Although cancer therapy has remarkably improved in the last few decades, novel treatment concepts are needed to defeat this disease. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) signalize a pathway to treat and manage several types of cancer.

Asymptomatic postmenopausal women: what are the risk factors for endometrial malignancies? A multicentric retrospective study.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for endometrial malignancies in asymptomatic postmenopausal women.

Methods: Multicentric retrospective analytical study in two Brazilian Reference Centers. All women without postmenopausal bleeding who were submitted to hysteroscopy with biopsy were included (1665).

Assessment of IGF-1 expression in the peripheral blood of women with recurrent breast cancer.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy affecting women worldwide. The insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) gene encodes a protein responsible for a wide variety of physiological processes, including differentiation and cell proliferation. Despite several studies on tumor tissues, no study has evaluated IGF-1 expression in the peripheral blood of women with recurrent breast cancer.

CYP19A1 gene expression in the peripheral blood of Brazilian women with breast cancer relapse.

Background: The CYP19A1 gene, which encodes the enzyme responsible for androgen aromatization into estrogens, may play an important role in breast cancer aggressiveness. However, no study has evaluated CYP19A1 gene expression in the peripheral blood of women with relapsed breast cancer.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, CYP19A1 gene expression was quantified by RT-PCR in the peripheral blood of 146 women with breast cancer who were first divided into two groups according to the expression of CYP19A1 (low and high); each group had 73 patients.

The impact of letrozole administration on oocyte morphology in breast cancer patients undergoing fertility preservation.

Abstract: Patients submitted to oncological fertility preservation with letrozole and gonadotropins seem to present a higher rate of immature oocytes and lower fertilization rates in comparison to infertile patients submitted to IVF cycles with gonadotropins. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of letrozole on oocyte morphology in patients with breast cancer submitted to fertility preservation.

Methods: Retrospective analysis performed at a public tertiary hospital in São Paulo, Brazil.

CD163 tumor-associated macrophage accumulation in breast cancer patients reflects both local differentiation signals and systemic skewing of monocytes.

Objectives: The accumulation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) is correlated with poor clinical outcome, but the mechanisms governing their differentiation from circulating monocytes remain unclear in humans.

Methods: Using multicolor flow cytometry, we evaluated TAMs phenotype in 93 breast cancer (BC) patients. Furthermore, monocytes from healthy donors were cultured in the presence of supernatants from dilacerated primary tumors to investigate their differentiation into macrophages (MΦ) .

Could Increased Expression of Hsp27, an "Anti-Inflammatory" Chaperone, Contribute to the Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cell Bias towards Tolerance Induction in Breast Cancer Patients?

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most efficient - and link the innate immune sensing of the environment to the initiation of adaptive immune responses, which may be directed to either acceptance or elimination of the recognized antigen. In cancer patients, though DCs would be expected to present tumor antigens to T lymphocytes and induce tumor-eliminating responses, this is frequently not the case. The complex tumor microenvironment subverts the immune response, blocks some effector mechanisms, and drives others to support tumor growth.

Cervical ectopic pregnancy after in vitro fertilization: case report successfully treated with cervical electric aspiration.

Cervical ectopic gestation is a serious and potentially lethal condition considered exceptional in in vitro fertilization. Early diagnosis is critical to successful treatment and preservation of fertility. We report a rare case of cervical pregnancy after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer, successfully treated exclusively with electrical aspiration.

Impaired brain dopamine transporter in chemobrain patients submitted to brain SPECT imaging using the technetium-99m labeled tracer TRODAT-1.

Purpose: "Chemobrain" is a medical secondary effect of cancer chemotherapy treatment characterized by a general decline in cognition affecting visual and verbal memory, attention, complex problem-solving skills, and motor function. Dopamine (DA) central nervous system neurotransmitters serve an important role in cognition, and changes in DA could potentially explain impaired cognition associated with chemotherapy. Therefore, our objective was to assess in vivo dopaminergic dysfunction in the central nervous system (CNS) of a group of female breast cancer survivors with cognitive impairment following chemotherapy.

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis for a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: case report.

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis was carried out for embryonic analysis in a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1). This is a rare autosomal-dominant cancer syndrome and the patients with MEN1 are characterized by the occurrence of tumors in multiple endocrine tissues, associated with germline and somatic inactivating mutations in the MEN1 gene. This case report documents a successful preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) involving a couple at-risk for MEN1 syndrome, with a birth of a healthy infant.

Therapeutic comparison between treatments for Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: study protocol of a randomized prospective and controlled trial.

Background: Vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) is a lymphocyte-mediated disease of unknown etiology that can cause intense itching as well stenosis, hindering the evacuation and urination. It can also limit the sex life due to severe local pruritus, pain and dyspareunia (pain during sexual intercourse). The standard treatment for this disease is the use of topical corticosteroids to reduce the clinical symptoms and to try to increase disease-free intervals.

Final efficacy and updated safety results of the randomized phase III BEATRICE trial evaluating adjuvant bevacizumab-containing therapy in triple-negative early breast cancer.

Background: The purpose of this analysis was to assess the long-term impact of adding bevacizumab to adjuvant chemotherapy for early triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).

Methods: Patients eligible for the open-label randomized phase III BEATRICE trial had centrally confirmed triple-negative operable primary invasive breast cancer (pT1a-pT3). Investigators selected anthracycline- and/or taxane-based chemotherapy for each patient.

mRNA levels of low-density lipoprotein receptors are overexpressed in the foci of deep bowel endometriosis.

Study Question: Is mRNA expression of LDL receptors altered in deep bowel endometriotic foci? SUMMARY ANSWER: mRNA expression of LDL receptors is up-regulated in deep bowel endometriotic foci of patients with endometriosis.

What Is Known Already: Several studies have demonstrated the overexpression of low-density lipoprotein receptors in various tumour cell lines and endometriosis has similar aspects to cancer, mainly concerning the pathogenesis of both diseases. This is the first study we know of to investigate lipoprotein receptors expression in deep endometriosis with bowel involvement.

Efficacy and Safety of Bevacizumab-Containing Therapy in Newly Diagnosed Ovarian Cancer: ROSiA Single-Arm Phase 3B Study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of extending bevacizumab therapy beyond 15 months in nonprogressive ovarian cancer.

Patients And Methods: In this multinational prospective single-arm study (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01239732), eligible patients had International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IIB to IV or grade 3 stage I to IIA ovarian cancer without clinical signs or symptoms of gastrointestinal obstruction or history of abdominal fistula, gastrointestinal perforation, or intra-abdominal abscess within the preceding 6 months.

Association between leukaemia inhibitory factor gene polymorphism and pregnancy outcomes after assisted reproduction techniques.

Certain gene polymorphisms are associated with implantation failure and pregnancy loss. Studies of leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) gene polymorphisms are scarce. The LIF single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) thymine (T)/guanine (G) (rs929271) was studied in women to determine whether an association existed with pregnancy outcomes after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI); 411 women who underwent ICSI were recruited.

A rare case of severe myositis as paraneoplastic syndrome on breast cancer.

Background: Dermatomyositis and polymyositis are both types of idiopathic inflammatory myositis characterized by inflammation and weakness of proximal skeletal muscles and skin rash.

Case: A 49-year-old Caucasian woman recently diagnosed with breast cancer classified as T1N2M0, stage IIIA, presenting skin rash associated with heliotrope and Gottron's papules. In addition, there was a progression to a severe reduction in proximal muscle strength with severe dysphagia.

Deep Invasive Endometriosis Lesions of the Rectosigmoid May Be Related to Alterations in Cell Kinetics.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze cell kinetics through expression and apoptosis of topoisomerase 2-α (TOP2A), p53, and c-erb2 in rectosigmoid endometriotic lesions and in healthy endometrial tissue and to establish correlations between such findings and clinical data in patients with rectosigmoid endometriosis.

Methods: Sixty patients with rectosigmoid endometriosis and 20 control women without endometriosis were included. Immunohistochemical assays were used to measure expression of TOP2A, p53, and c-erB-2.

Administration of progesterone on the day of oocyte retrieval to reverse accumulation of fluid in the endometrial cavity during assisted reproductive techniques.

Objective: To determine whether administration of progesterone on the day of oocyte retrieval may reverse accumulation of fluid in the endometrial cavity.

Methods: A total of 50 patients who underwent assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles with endometrial cavity fluid (ECF) observed by ultrasound at the time of oocyte retrieval were included. Upon the identification of ECF, vaginal administration of natural progesterone was started.