Global knowledge gaps on antimicrobial resistance in the human health sector: A scoping review.

Objectives: To identify and summarize existing global knowledge gaps on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in human health, focusing on the World Health Organization (WHO) bacterial priority pathogens, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and selected fungi.

Methods: We conducted a scoping review of gray and peer-reviewed literature, published in English from January 2012 through December 2021, that reported on the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and care of drug-resistant infections. We extracted relevant knowledge gaps and, through an iterative process, consolidated those into thematic research questions.

Tryptophan metabolism determines outcome in tuberculous meningitis: a targeted metabolomic analysis.

Background: Cellular metabolism is critical for the host immune function against pathogens, and metabolomic analysis may help understand the characteristic immunopathology of tuberculosis. We performed targeted metabolomic analyses in a large cohort of patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM), the most severe manifestation of tuberculosis, focusing on tryptophan metabolism.

Methods: We studied 1069 Indonesian and Vietnamese adults with TBM (26.

Clinical characteristics and factors associated with COVID-19-related mortality and hospital admission during the first two epidemic waves in 5 rural provinces in Indonesia: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Data on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) clinical characteristics and severity from resource-limited settings are limited. This study examined clinical characteristics and factors associated with COVID-19 mortality and hospitalisation in rural settings of Indonesia, from 1 January to 31 July, 2021.

Methods: This retrospective cohort included individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 based on polymerase chain reaction or rapid antigen diagnostic test, from five rural provinces in Indonesia.

The unbreakable journey: using photovoice to raise awareness and fight leprosy stigma in Papua, Indonesia.

In preparation of an ongoing trial to improve the treatment of leprosy (MetLep, clinicaltrials.gov: NCT05243654), we conducted a photovoice project among persons affected by leprosy in eastern Indonesia. Photovoice is a participatory visual method in which photographic images are used to explore community health and social issues among disadvantaged populations.

Tryptophan metabolism determines outcome in tuberculous meningitis: a targeted metabolomic analysis.

Background: Cellular metabolism is critical for the host immune function against pathogens, and metabolomic analysis may help understand the characteristic immunopathology of tuberculosis. We performed targeted metabolomic analyses in a large cohort of patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM), the most severe manifestation of tuberculosis, focusing on tryptophan metabolism.

Methods: We studied 1069 Indonesian and Vietnamese adults with TBM (26.

Geographical variations and district-level factors associated with COVID-19 mortality in Indonesia: a nationwide ecological study.

Background: Ensuring health equity, especially for vulnerable populations in less developed settings with poor health system is essential for the current and future global health threats. This study examined geographical variations of COVID-19 mortality and its association with population health characteristics, health care capacity in responding pandemic, and socio-economic characteristics across 514 districts in Indonesia.

Methods: This nationwide ecological study included aggregated data of COVID-19 cases and deaths from all 514 districts in Indonesia, recorded in the National COVID-19 Task Force database, during the first two years of the epidemic, from 1 March 2020 to 27 February 2022.

Antibody Responses and Reactogenicity of a Heterologous, Full-Dose Messenger RNA-1273 Booster in Heavily SARS-CoV-2-Exposed CoronaVac-Vaccinated Health-Care Workers in Indonesia: A Real-World Observational Study.

Real-world data on heterologous boosting with messenger RNA (mRNA)-1273 (Moderna) after inactivated COVID-19 vaccination are limited. We report mRNA-1273 boosting in heavily SARS-CoV-2-exposed Indonesian health-care workers who received a two-dose CoronaVac 6 months prior. Between August and November 2021, we measured SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IgG binding antibody (Bab) titers in all 304 participants, and neutralizing antibody titers in a random subset of 71 participants, on stored paired serum samples taken before and 28 days after a full-dose (100-μg) mRNA-1273 booster.

Digitalization of routine health information systems: Bangladesh, Indonesia, Pakistan.

Objective: To describe a systematic process of transforming paper registers into a digital system optimized to enhance service provision and fulfil reporting requirements.

Methods: We designed a formative study around primary health workers providing reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health services in three countries in Bangladesh, Indonesia and Pakistan. The study ran from November 2014 to June 2018.