Outcome Domains of Professional Doctorates in Nursing: An International Three-Phase Exploratory Study.

Aim: Professional Doctorate Programmes (PDP) in nursing continue to develop across many countries. However, there is a lack of evidence demonstrating the impact on nurses who graduate from these programmes and the outcomes they deliver. This exploratory study aims to identify graduate outcome domains that can be applied internationally to evaluate professional doctorate programmes in nursing.

Abnormal vibration perception threshold alters the gait features in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Objective: It is generally believed that gait characteristics of diabetic neuropathic patients differ from those of non-diabetic ones. However, it is still unclear how the abnormal foot sensation influences the gait during walking in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). For the purpose of gaining a better insight into the alterations of detailed gait parameters and figuring out important aspects in the gait indexes by peripheral neuropathy in elder T2DM patients, we compared the gait features in participants with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) controls and diabetic individuals complicated by peripheral neuropathy or not.

11β-HSD1 contributes to age-related metabolic decline in male mice.

The aged phenotype shares several metabolic similarities with that of circulatory glucocorticoid excess (Cushing's syndrome), including type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and myopathy. We hypothesise that local tissue generation of glucocorticoids by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1), which converts 11-dehydrocorticosterone to active corticosterone in rodents (corticosterone to cortisol in man), plays a role in driving age-related chronic disease. In this study, we have examined the impact of ageing on glucocorticoid metabolism, insulin tolerance, adiposity, muscle strength, and blood pressure in both wildtype (WT) and transgenic male mice with a global deletion of 11β-HSD1 (11β-HSD1-/-) following 4 months high-fat feeding.

A profile of children's physical activity data from the 2012 and 2015 health survey for England.

Background: Low childhood physical activity levels constitute an important modifiable risk for adult non-communicable disease incidence and subsequent socio-economic burden, but few publications have explored age and sex related patterns within the UK population. The aims were to profile child physical activity data from the Health Survey for England from 2012 (1,732 respondents) and 2015 (5,346 respondents).

Methods: Reported physical activity episodes were converted to metabolic equivalents with reference to child-specific compendiums.

Genome-wide analysis identifies Homothorax and Extradenticle as regulators of insulin in Drosophila Insulin-Producing cells.

Drosophila Insulin-Producing Cells (IPCs) are the main production site of the Drosophila Insulin-like peptides or dilps which have key roles in regulating growth, development, reproduction, lifespan and metabolism. To better understand the signalling pathways and transcriptional networks that are active in the IPCs we queried publicly available transcriptome data of over 180 highly inbred fly lines for dilp expression and used dilp expression as the input for a Genome-wide association study (GWAS). This resulted in the identification of variants in 125 genes that were associated with variation in dilp expression.

Effects of a single interprofessional simulation session on medical and nursing students' attitudes toward interprofessional learning and professional identity: a questionnaire study.

Background: Participation in simulation-based interprofessional education (sim-IPE) may affect students' attitudes towards interprofessional learning (through gaining experience with others) and their professional identity (by increasing the 'fit' of group membership). We examined this in two questionnaire studies involving students from four universities in two areas of the UK.

Method: Questionnaire data were collected before and after students took part in a sim-IPE session consisting of three acute scenarios.

Characterization of Ultrasonic Bubble Clouds in A Liquid Metal by Synchrotron X-ray High Speed Imaging and Statistical Analysis.

Quantitative understanding of the interactions of ultrasonic waves with liquid and solidifying metals is essential for developing optimal processing strategies for ultrasound processing of metal alloys in the solidification processes. In this research, we used the synchrotron X-ray high-speed imaging facility at Beamline I12 of the Diamond Light Source, UK to study the dynamics of ultrasonic bubbles in a liquid Sn-30wt%Cu alloy. A new method based on the X-ray attenuation for a white X-ray beam was developed to extract quantitative information about the bubble clouds in the chaotic and quasi-static cavitation regions.

The effects of fatigue on the running profile of elite team sport athletes. A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: With the underlying mechanisms of fatigue shown to be task-specific, gaining an understanding of changes within the running profile due to fatigue may provide a greater task-specific method for monitoring neuromuscular fatigue (NMF) in elite team sport athletes. This review aimed to identify, review and summarize the literature to understand the effects of fatigue on the running profile of elite team sport athletes.

Evidence Acquisition: MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, EMBASE and CINAHL were searched.

Mulberry-extract improves glucose tolerance and decreases insulin concentrations in normoglycaemic adults: Results of a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study.

Background: High sugar and refined carbohydrate intake is associated with weight gain, increased incidence of diabetes and is linked with increased cardiovascular mortality. Reducing the health impact of poor quality carbohydrate intake is a public health priority. Reducose, a proprietary mulberry leaf extract (ME), may reduce blood glucose responses following dietary carbohydrate intake by reducing absorption of glucose from the gut.

Testicular activin and follistatin levels are elevated during the course of experimental autoimmune epididymo-orchitis in mice.

Experimental autoimmune epididymo-orchitis (EAEO) is a model of chronic inflammation, induced by immunisation with testicular antigens, which reproduces the pathology of some types of human infertility. Activins A and B regulate spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis, but are also pro-inflammatory, pro-fibrotic cytokines. Expression of the activins and their endogenous antagonists, inhibin and follistatin, was examined in murine EAEO.

Acknowleding attributes that enable the career academic nurse to thrive in the tertiary education sector: A qualitative systematic review.

Objective: To optimise the career development in early career academic nurses by providing an overview of the attributes necessary for success.

Background: Evidence of early prospective career planning is necessary to optimise success in the tertiary sector. This is particularly important for nurse academics given the profession's later entry into academia, the ageing nursing workforce and the continuing global shortage of nurses.

Mulberry extract to modULate Blood glucosE Responses in noRmoglYcaemic adults (MULBERRY): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Worldwide sugar consumption has tripled during the last fifty years. High sugar intake is associated with weight gain and increased incidence of diabetes and has been linked with increased cardiovascular mortality. Reducing the health impact of dietary sugar and poor quality carbohydrate intake is a public health priority.

Universal alcohol misuse prevention programmes for children and adolescents: Cochrane systematic reviews.

Aims: Alcohol misuse by young people causes significant health and social harm, including death and disability. Therefore, prevention of youth alcohol misuse is a policy aim in many countries. Our aim was to examine the effectiveness of (1) school-based, (2) family-based and (3) multi-component universal alcohol misuse prevention programmes in children and adolescents.

Biotypology, endocrinology, and sterilization: the practice of eugenics in the treatment of Argentinian women during the 1930s.

This article looks at medical approaches to women's fertility in Argentina in the 1930s and explores the ways in which eugenics encouraged the reproduction of the fit and attempted to avoid the reproduction of the unfit. The analysis concentrates on three main aspects: biotypology (the scientific classification of bodies), endocrine therapy, and sterilization. The article concludes by suggesting that a eugenically oriented obstetrical and gynecological practice encouraged both endocrine treatments (to achieve the ideal fertile woman) and sterilization, which, in spite of being legally banned, found a subtle application.

The feasibility of functional electrical stimulation indoor rowing for high-energy training and sport.

Objectives.  To explore the potential of functional electrical stimulation (FES)-assisted indoor rowing to enable spinal cord individuals to participate in indoor rowing competitions and to achieve high exercise intensities and volumes. Materials and Methods.

ScrumPy: metabolic modelling with Python.

ScrumPy is a software package used for the definition and analysis of metabolic models. It is written using the Python programming language that is also used as a user interface. ScrumPy has features for both kinetic and structural modelling, but the emphasis is on structural modelling and those features of most relevance to analysis of large (genome-scale) models.

The temporal landscape of night nursing.

Aims Of The Study: The study arose secondarily from a study with a different primary purpose (to consider attitudes towards the implementation of changes to working practices). Its aim is to provide a 'map' of the temporal landscapes of night nurses.

Background: Our temporal landscapes are made up of recognizable domains, with permeable borders - private time and public time, home time and work time, past, present and future time, cyclical time.

The use of aromatherapy in intrapartum midwifery practice an observational study.

The authors report the process and results of an evaluation of a midwifery aromatherapy service for mothers in labour: This study of 8058 mothers in childbirth, is the largest research initiative in the use of aromatherapy within a health-care setting. The study involved a wide range of participants, from mothers who experienced a low risk, spontaneous labour and birth, to those whose labour was induced, and those who had vaginal operative delivery and Caesarean section. The study-took place over a period of 8 years, which enabled a more challenging test of the effect of aromatherapy on intrapartum midwifery practice and outcomes.

The social development of children with severe learning difficulties: a case study of an inclusive education initiative between two primary schools in Oxfordshire, UK.

This case study of primary age children in two linked Oxfordshire schools investigated the contribution of staff attitudes and practices to inequalities in education, and contrasted the socialisation of children with similar learning difficulties in different educational placements. Participant observation of a group of children and carers in a special school suggested areas of more rigorous inquiry. Structured observations compared this group with a matched sample of children with similar learning difficulties in a mainstream setting.

The calcium pumps of plant cell membranes.

Active calcium transport in higher plant cell membranes involves both H(+)-linked antiport (at the tonoplast) and direct (P-type) calcium pumping ATPases. Both systems act to remove calcium from the cytoplasm either by pumping it into intracellular stores or into the apoplast. This chapter considers recent advances in our knowledge of the calcium-pumping ATPases of the plant cell, located both at the plasma membrane and in intracellular membranes.