11 results match your criteria: "Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and Oxford University[Affiliation]"
Past, Present and Future of Phase 3 Vaccine Trial Design: Rethinking Statistics for the 21st Century.
Clin Exp Immunol
November 2024
Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Vaccines are crucial for protecting health globally; however, their widespread use relies on rigorous clinical development programmes. This includes Phase 3 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to confirm their safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy. Traditionally, such trials used fixed designs with predetermined assumptions, lacking the flexibility to change during the trial or stop early due to overwhelming evidence of either efficacy or futility.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF5-year vaccine protection following a single dose of Vi-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine in Bangladeshi children (TyVOID): a cluster randomised trial.
Lancet
October 2024
Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- - The study aimed to understand how long the protection from the typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV) lasts by extending research from the TyVAC trial in Bangladesh to 5 years post-vaccination.
- - It found that children who received the TCV between 2018-2019 had a significantly higher risk of contracting typhoid compared to those vaccinated more recently, indicating that vaccine effectiveness declines over time.
- - The research showed an estimated vaccine effectiveness of only 50% in the 3-5 year period after vaccination, highlighting the need for further studies on booster doses to maintain immunity.
A Genome-Wide Association Study of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Severity in Infants.
J Infect Dis
March 2024
Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford.
Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant cause of infant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Most children experience at least one 1 RSV infection by the age of two 2 years, but not all develop severe disease. However, the understanding of genetic risk factors for severe RSV is incomplete.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular correlates of vaccine-induced protection against typhoid fever.
J Clin Invest
August 2023
Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
BACKGROUNDTyphoid fever is caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and poses a substantial public health burden worldwide. Vaccines have been developed based on the surface Vi-capsular polysaccharide of S. Typhi; these include a plain-polysaccharide-based vaccine, ViPS, and a glycoconjugate vaccine, ViTT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman leukocyte antigen alleles associate with COVID-19 vaccine immunogenicity and risk of breakthrough infection.
Nat Med
January 2023
Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Article Synopsis
- Individual immune responses to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine vary, with differences linked to specific genetic markers related to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II alleles.
- A significant association was found between the HLA-DQB1*06 allele and both higher levels of antibodies against the virus's receptor-binding domain and reduced risk of breakthrough infections.
- The study suggests that variations in HLA types could influence vaccine efficacy and may inform the development of future vaccines.
Article Synopsis
- The trial was a phase 3 study comparing enasidenib, an oral IDH2 inhibitor, to standard care regimens in older patients with late-stage acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who had already undergone multiple treatments.
- The primary goal was to evaluate overall survival (OS), but while the OS results were similar (6.5 months for enasidenib vs. 6.2 months for standard care), enasidenib showed significant improvements in secondary outcomes like event-free survival (EFS), overall response rate (ORR), and transfusion independence (TI).
- Despite not meeting the primary endpoint for OS, the findings suggest that enasidenib could offer important benefits in managing relapsed or refractory AML in
Host gene signature shows promise to distinguish bacterial and viral infections.
Lancet Digit Health
August 2021
National Institute for Health Research, Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. Electronic address:
Symptom study app provides real-world data on COVID-19 vaccines.
Lancet Infect Dis
July 2021
Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, Centre for Clinical Vaccinology & Tropical Medicine, The Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK. Electronic address:
Optimisation of the organ donor and effects on transplanted organs: a narrative review on current practice and future directions.
Anaesthesia
September 2020
Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences and Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, UK.
Mortality remains high for patients on the waiting list for organ transplantation. A marked imbalance between the number of available organs and recipients that need to be transplanted persists. Organs from deceased donors are often declined due to perceived and actual suboptimal quality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Future of Vaccines for Tuberculosis.
Clin Chest Med
December 2019
Department of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK. Electronic address:
Exciting clinical results from 2 clinical TB vaccine trials were published in 2018. These, plus promising preclinical candidates form a healthy pipeline of potential vaccines against the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent. The only licensed vaccine, the BCG, continues to be an important tool in protecting against severe forms of TB in children, but has not stopped the diseases causing 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of CPAP on Cardiac Function in Minimally Symptomatic Patients with OSA: Results from a Subset of the MOSAIC Randomized Trial.
J Clin Sleep Med
September 2015
Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and Oxford University, Oxford, UK.
Study Objectives: Minimally symptomatic obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly prevalent, and the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on myocardial function in these patients are unknown. The MOSAIC randomized, controlled trial of CPAP for minimally symptomatic OSA assessed the effect of CPAP on myocardial function in a subset of patients.
Methods: Two centers taking part in the MOSAIC trial randomized 238 patients in parallel to 6 months of CPAP (120) or standard care (118).