Agreement between an Image-Based Dietary Assessment Method and a Written Food Diary among Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes.

Valid and useful dietary assessment methods for adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are needed. In this study, we compared an image-based method with a written food diary for dietary intake estimation among adolescents with T1D and evaluated the adolescents' experiences of the methods. Adolescents with T1D aged 13 to 18 years ( = 13) photographed their meals ( = 264) with a mobile phone camera and simultaneously kept a written food diary for four consecutive days.

Accumulation patterns of sedentary time and breaks and their association with cardiometabolic health markers in adults.

Breaking up sedentary time with physical activity (PA) could modify the detrimental cardiometabolic health effects of sedentary time. Our aim was to identify profiles according to distinct accumulation patterns of sedentary time and breaks in adults, and to investigate how these profiles are associated with cardiometabolic outcomes. Participants (n = 4439) of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 at age 46 years wore a hip-worn accelerometer for 7 consecutive days during waking hours.

Infant motor development and physical activity and sedentary time at midlife.

This study investigated whether the timing of infant motor development is associated with self-reported and accelerometer-measured physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (ST) in midlife. This population-based study consisted of 4098 people born in 1966 in Northern Finland (NFBC 1966). Data on nine infant motor developmental milestones included making sounds, holding up the head, grabbing objects, turning from back to tummy, sitting without support, standing with support, walking with support, standing without support, and walking without support.

Association Between Vertebral Dimensions and Lumbar Modic Changes.

Study Design: Population-based birth cohort study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between vertebral dimensions and lumbar MC.

Summary Of Background Data: Low back pain (LBP) has become the leading cause of disability worldwide.

Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight.

From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution.

Leisure-time physical activity is associated with socio-economic status beyond income - Cross-sectional survey of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 study.

We apply neoclassical economic modelling augmented with behavioral aspects to provide a detailed empirical investigation into indicators of socio-economic status (SES) as determinants of leisure-time physical activity. We utilize the data from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 obtained at the most recent time point during 2012-2014 (response rate 67 %), at which time the participants were approximately 46 years old. Our final study sample consists of 3,335 employed participants (1520 men, 1815 women; 32.

Satellite Imaging-Based Residential Greenness and Accelerometry Measured Physical Activity at Midlife-Population-Based Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study.

Background: Recently, the importance of light physical activity (LPA) for health has been emphasized, and residential greenness has been positively linked to the level of LPA and a variety of positive health outcomes. However, people spend less time in green environments because of urbanization and modern sedentary leisure activities.

Aims: In this population-based study, we investigated the association between objectively measured residential greenness and accelerometry measured physical activity (PA), with a special interest in LPA and gender differences.

Resting Electrocardiogram and Blood Pressure in Young Endurance and Nonendurance Athletes and Nonathletes.

Context: Much information is available on electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood pressure (BP) changes in senior athletes. However, corresponding data on adolescent athletes are scarce.

Objective: To study the differences in resting ECG and BP values among adolescent endurance athletes, nonendurance athletes, and nonathletes.

Menstrual dysfunction and body weight dissatisfaction among Finnish young athletes and non-athletes.

To determine the prevalence of menstrual dysfunction (MD; ie, oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea) and attitudes toward body weight among athletes and non-athletes, we studied a cohort of athletes and non-athletes, in adolescence (14-16 years) and subsequently in young adulthood (18-20 years). We further studied the differences between athletes reporting MD and eumenorrheic athletes at both time periods and identified physical and behavioral characteristics that might predict MD in young adulthood. Data were collected using questionnaires, accelerometers, and a pre-participation screening.

Association between device-measured physical activity and lumbar Modic changes.

Background: Modic changes (MC) in the lumbar spine are considered one potential etiological factor behind low back pain (LBP). Multiple risk factors for MC have been suggested, including male gender, smoking and factors affecting hyperloading and mechanical stress such as high body mass index (BMI), strenuous physical work and high occupational and leisure-time physical activity (PA). So far, the effect of PA on the occurrence of MC has remained under debate due to contradictory findings.

Correlates of physical activity behavior in adults: a data mining approach.

Purpose: A data mining approach was applied to establish a multilevel hierarchy predicting physical activity (PA) behavior, and to methodologically identify the correlates of PA behavior.

Methods: Cross-sectional data from the population-based Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 study, collected in the most recent follow-up at age 46, were used to create a hierarchy using the chi-square automatic interaction detection (CHAID) decision tree technique for predicting PA behavior. PA behavior is defined as active or inactive based on machine-learned activity profiles, which were previously created through a multidimensional (clustering) approach on continuous accelerometer-measured activity intensities in one week.

Association between chronic diseases and falls among a sample of older people in Finland.

Background: Falls are a major problem for older people and recurrent fallers are especially prone to severe consequences due to falls. This study investigated the association between chronic conditions and falls.

Methods: Responses from 872 older persons (age 65-98) to a health questionnaire were used in the analyses.

Chronotypes and objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time at midlife.

Morning, day, or evening chronotypes differ by the circadian timing of alertness and the preferred timing of sleep. It has been suggested that evening chronotype is associated with low physical activity (PA) and high sedentary time (SED). Our aim was to investigate whether such an association is confirmed by objectively measured PA and SED.

Screening everyday health information literacy among four populations.

Background: People face varying obstacles when interacting with health information in their everyday lives.

Objectives: This study aims to examine the applicability of a multidimensional Everyday Health Information Literacy (EHIL) screening tool in detecting people with challenges in accessing, understanding, evaluating and using health information in everyday situations.

Methods: Previously collected EHIL screening tool data from Finnish upper secondary school students (n = 217), Finnish young men (n = 1450), Finnish adults with an increased risk for metabolic syndrome (n = 559) and Namibian university students (n = 271) were reanalysed to examine the factorial structure of the tool and to compare the groups.

Health behaviours associated with video gaming in adolescent men: a cross-sectional population-based MOPO study.

Background: Playing video games, a form of sedentary behaviour, is associated with poor well-being and increased risk of morbidity due to chronic disease. However, the association between health behaviours and video gaming is poorly understood. The purpose of this population-based study was to reveal the differences in dietary habits and physical activity for adolescent men with high amount of video games on weekdays, as compared to their peers who play less often.

Residential relocation trajectories and neighborhood density, mixed land use and access networks as predictors of walking and bicycling in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966.

Background: Given the high global prevalence of physical inactivity, there is a need to design cities that support active modes of transportation. High density diverse neighborhoods with good access networks have been associated with enhanced walking and cycling, but there is a lack of large-scale longitudinal studies utilizing a life course perspective to model residential relocation trajectories. The objectives of the present longitudinal study were to model and visualize residential relocation trajectories between 31 and 46 years of age based on neighborhood density, mixed land use and access networks (DMA), and to assess neighborhood DMA as a predictor of self-reported regular walking and cycling and objectively measured physical activity.

Physical activity is associated with cardiac autonomic function in adolescent men.

Introduction: Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) has been shown to be associated with autonomic regulation of the heart measured with heart rate variability (HRV). Only a limited amount of studies have examined this relationship among adolescents, and the effects of increasing PA on HRV is not well established. The aim of this study was to investigate how overall self-reported PA associates with HRV in a large population of adolescent men.

Genome-wide association study identifies seven novel loci associating with circulating cytokines and cell adhesion molecules in Finns.

Background: Inflammatory processes contribute to the pathophysiology of multiple chronic conditions. Genetic factors play a crucial role in modulating the inflammatory load, but the exact mechanisms are incompletely understood.

Objective: To assess genetic determinants of 16 circulating cytokines and cell adhesion molecules (inflammatory phenotypes) in Finns.

Eating Behavior Traits, Weight Loss Attempts, and Vertebral Dimensions Among the General Northern Finnish Population.

Study Design: A population-based birth cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the associations of eating behavior traits and weight loss attempts with vertebral size among the general Northern Finnish population.

Summary Of Background Data: Vertebral fragility fractures are a typical manifestation of osteoporosis, and small vertebral dimensions are a well-established risk factor for vertebral fracturing.

Intensity and temporal patterns of physical activity and cardiovascular disease risk in midlife.

Physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (SED) are associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the temporal patterns of these behaviors most beneficial for cardiovascular health remain unknown. We aimed to identify the intensity and temporal patterns of PA and SED measured continuously by an accelerometer and their relationship with CVD risk. At the age of 46 years, 4582 members (1916 men; 2666 women) of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 study underwent continuous measurement of PA with Polar Active (Polar Electro, Finland) accelerometers for one week.

The Association of Body Size, Shape and Composition with Vertebral Size in Midlife - The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study.

Small vertebral size increases the risk of osteoporotic vertebral fractures. Obese individuals have larger vertebral size and potentially lower fracture risk than lean individuals, but scarce data exist on the association between vertebral size and anthropometric measures beyond height, weight, and body mass index (BMI). Here, we evaluated several anthropometric measures (height, weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio [WHR], waist-to-height ratio [WHtR], fat mass [FM], lean body mass [LBM], percentage FM [%FM], percentage LBM [%LBM]) as predictors of vertebral cross-sectional area (CSA).

Objectively Measured Physical Activity Is Associated with Vertebral Size in Midlife.

Background: Vertebral fractures reduce the quality of life and are a major burden to the health care sector. Small vertebral size is associated with increased vertebral fracture risk. Previous studies have investigated the relationship between physical activity (PA) and vertebral size, but their results seem somewhat contradictory.

Associations of fitness and physical activity with orthostatic responses of heart rate and blood pressure at midlife.

Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and physical activity (PA) are associated with autonomic function, but their associations to orthostatic autonomic responses are unclear in epidemiological setting. We hypothesized that higher CRF and PA would associate with higher immediate vagal responses and lower incidence of adverse findings during orthostatic test. At age of 46, 787 men and 938 women without cardiorespiratory diseases and diabetes underwent an orthostatic test (3-minutes sitting, 3-minutes standing) with recording of RR intervals (RRi) and blood pressure (BP) by finger plethysmography.

Acute and overuse injuries among sports club members and non-members: the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) study.

Background: Physical activity in adolescence is promoted for its multi-dimensional health benefits. However, too intensive sports participation is associated with an increased injury risk. Our aim was to compare the occurrence of acute and overuse injuries in Finnish sports club members and non-members and to report training and competing habits associated with a higher injury risk in sports club members.

Dairy- and supplement-based calcium intake in adulthood and vertebral dimensions in midlife-the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study.

Unlabelled: Among a representative sample of 1064 Northern Finns, we studied the association of dairy- and supplement-based calcium intake in adulthood with vertebral size in midlife. Inadequate calcium intake (< 800 mg/day) from age 31 to 46 predicted small vertebral size and thus decreased spinal resilience among women but not men.

Introduction: Small vertebral size predisposes individuals to fractures, which are common among aging populations.