A comparison of virtual and in person delivery of a full meal replacement program for obesity.

Objective: Full meal replacement (FMR) Intensive Lifestyle Interventions (ILI) have been used for weight management. However, predictors of efficacy with these programs are less clear. The primary objective was to assess weight loss predictors in a community-based FMR ILI program.

Appetite Changes in Weight Regain and Weight Maintenance After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass.

Purpose: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery produces significant weight loss. However, a number of patients experience weight regain years after surgery. Factors driving weight regain after surgical interventions are currently being explored.

Obesity shows preserved plasma proteome in large independent clinical cohorts.

Holistic human proteome maps are expected to complement comprehensive profile assessment of health and disease phenotypes. However, methodologies to analyze proteomes in human tissue or body fluid samples at relevant scale and performance are still limited in clinical research. Their deployment and demonstration in large enough human populations are even sparser.

Diet-resistant obesity is characterized by a distinct plasma proteomic signature and impaired muscle fiber metabolism.

Background/objectives: Inter-individual variability in weight loss during obesity treatment is complex and poorly understood. Here we use whole body and tissue approaches to investigate fuel oxidation characteristics in skeletal muscle fibers, cells and distinct circulating protein biomarkers before and after a high fat meal (HFM) challenge in those who lost the most (obese diet-sensitive; ODS) vs the least (obese diet-resistant; ODR) amount of weight in a highly controlled weight management program.

Subjects/methods: In 20 weight stable-matched ODS and ODR women who previously completed a standardized clinical weight loss program, we analyzed whole-body energetics and metabolic parameters in vastus lateralis biopsies and plasma samples that were obtained in the fasting state and 6 h after a defined HFM, equivalent to 35% of total daily energy requirements.

Adverse Effects of β-Blocker Therapy on Weight Loss in Response to a Controlled Dietary Regimen.

Background: The effects of β-blockers on metabolic parameters including weight loss are poorly understood.

Methods: From a database of 3582 patients who completed The Ottawa Hospital Weight Management Program between 1992 and 2011, a total of 173 patients were receiving β-blockers and were eligible for the study. We determined differences in rate of weight loss in the first 6 weeks of this 900 kcal/d Optifast (Nestlé Health Science, Vevey, Switzerland) meal replacement program for patients treated with β-blockers compared with (1) matched controls and (2) all participants in the program not being treated with β-blockers.

Can response to dietary restriction predict weight loss after Roux-en-Y gastroplasty?

Objective: To determine whether weight loss (WL) with 6 weeks of a low-calorie liquid diet as part of a behavioral program (LCDBP) predicts subsequent weight change in response to a laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB).

Methods: Of 4698 LCDBP patients, 403 went on to RYGB and 222 were evaluable. We determined correlations between percent WL (% WL) in 6 weeks of LCDBP with % WL at 4, 12, 24, 36, and 52 weeks after RYGB.

Impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and supercomplex assembly in rectus abdominis muscle of diabetic obese individuals.

Aims/hypothesis: Skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction has been documented in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus; however, specific respiratory defects and their mechanisms are poorly understood. The aim of the current study was to examine oxidative phosphorylation and electron transport chain (ETC) supercomplex assembly in rectus abdominis muscles of 10 obese diabetic and 10 obese non-diabetic individuals.

Methods: Twenty obese women undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery were recruited for this study.

Acylcarnitines: potential implications for skeletal muscle insulin resistance.

Insulin resistance may be linked to incomplete fatty acid β-oxidation and the subsequent increase in acylcarnitine species in different tissues including skeletal muscle. It is not known if acylcarnitines participate in muscle insulin resistance or simply reflect dysregulated metabolism. The aims of this study were to determine whether acylcarnitines can elicit muscle insulin resistance and to better understand the link between incomplete muscle fatty acid β-oxidation, oxidative stress, inflammation, and insulin-resistance development.

Lower mitochondrial proton leak and decreased glutathione redox in primary muscle cells of obese diet-resistant versus diet-sensitive humans.

Context: Weight loss success in response to energy restriction is highly variable. This may be due in part to differences in mitochondrial function and oxidative stress.

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine whether mitochondrial function, content, and oxidative stress differ in well-matched obese individuals in the upper [obese diet sensitive (ODS)] vs lower quintiles [obese diet resistant (ODR)] for rate of weight loss.