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Otsuma Women's University[Affiliation] Publications | LitMetric

273 results match your criteria: "Otsuma Women's University[Affiliation]"

Background: Frailty increases the risk of needing nursing care and significantly affects the life and functional prognosis of older individuals. Early detection and tailored interventions are crucial for maintaining and enhancing their life functions. Recognizing distinct clinical phenotypes is essential for devising appropriate interventions.

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  • The study aimed to explore how unhealthy lifestyle factors relate to the development of depressive symptoms among university students, considering their sociodemographic background.
  • Researchers analyzed health checkup data from 3,190 university students over two years, focusing on factors like sleep satisfaction, exercise, and substance use.
  • The results indicated that poor sleep satisfaction and being female were significant predictors of developing depressive symptoms, highlighting the need for targeted prevention and treatment strategies for students.
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Barley is rich in β-glucan, which can alter gut microbiota and metabolome profiles, potentially affecting host metabolism. However, the microbiota and metabolites increased by barley β-glucan remain unclear. In this study, we focused on the gut-microbiota-derived metabolite succinate and investigated the microbiome and metabolome profiles altered by barley β-glucan intake.

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The efficacy of digital brief behavioural treatment for insomnia using a smartphone application in conjunction with light therapy was investigated in university students who had insomnia symptoms with late chronotypes. In this two-arm parallel randomized-controlled trial, participants with insomnia symptoms and late chronotypes were recruited between October and November 2023. The duration of the intervention program was 4 weeks.

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Objective: This research aimed to establish the inaugural evidence-based cancer survivorship guidelines for Japan, with a particular focus on exercise and physical activity, in order to enhance health outcomes for cancer survivors.

Methods: A panel of experts, including oncologists, physicians, exercise scientists, epidemiologists and patient advocates, utilized a modified Delphi process and systematic reviews to establish consensus on exercise recommendations for cancer survivors. The panel focused on setting the objectives of the Clinical Practice Guidelines and addressing crucial clinical issues in Japan.

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  • This study investigated how a patient's health status before experiencing sepsis affects their recovery and mortality one year after discharge, focusing on a large population in Japan.
  • Researchers categorized the pre-sepsis care needs of 17,648 patients into several levels, revealing that higher care needs were linked to increased mortality rates and changes in post-discharge care requirements.
  • The findings suggest that patients with greater pre-sepsis care needs face a higher risk of death and intensified care needs within a year after being discharged from the hospital.
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  • The study investigates the link between care needs levels (CNL) at hospital discharge and outcomes in older patients with acute heart failure (aHF), highlighting that those with higher CNL are at greater risk for worse post-discharge outcomes.
  • A cohort of over 17,000 patients aged 65 and older was examined, categorizing their CNL into four levels based on their daily care needs at the time of hospitalization.
  • Results revealed that nearly all patients’ care needs worsened after discharge, with increased risks of mortality for those with higher levels of care needs, indicating that higher CNL at hospitalization correlates with a significantly higher risk of death within a year.
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  • Previous research suggests a potential link between statin use and a lower risk of dementia, but this has not been clearly established in Japan's aging population.
  • This study analyzed data from the LIFE Study, focusing on Japanese participants aged 65 and older, to investigate this association more thoroughly.
  • Results showed that statin users had a significantly reduced risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease, with higher cumulative statin doses offering greater protective benefits compared to non-users.
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  • The study investigated the relationship between statin use and Parkinson's disease risk in Japanese individuals aged 65 and older, using data from the Longevity Improvement and Fair Evidence Study.
  • Results showed that statin use was inversely associated with the risk of developing Parkinson's disease, suggesting a protective effect, especially with higher cumulative doses of statins.
  • Specifically, lower doses correlated with an increased risk, while higher doses were linked to a decreased risk of Parkinson's disease among older adults in Japan.
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Impact of pre-existing medical conditions on mortality in geriatric trauma: a nationwide study in Japan.

Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg

December 2024

Department of Acute Medicine and Critical Care Medical Center, NHO Osaka National Hospital, 2-1-14, Hoenzaka, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan.

Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates how pre-existing medical conditions affect the outcomes of elderly trauma patients in Japan, focusing on in-hospital mortality.
  • Using data from the Japan Trauma Data Bank, researchers analyzed 19,598 patients and identified several medical conditions linked to higher mortality rates.
  • Key findings revealed that moderate or severe liver disease had the strongest association with in-hospital mortality (AOR: 7.087), followed by multiple malignancies and congestive heart failure, indicating that these conditions pose significant risks for elderly trauma patients.
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Isolated traumatic spinal cord injury (t-SCI) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) represent significant public health concerns, resulting in long-term disabilities and necessitating sophisticated care, particularly when occurring concurrently. The impact of these combined injuries, while crucial in trauma management, on clinical, socioeconomic, and health care outcomes is largely unknown. To address this gap, our secondary retrospective cohort study used data from the Japan Trauma Data Bank, covering patients enrolled over a 13-year period (2006-2018), to elucidate the effects of concurrent t-SCI and TBI on in-hospital mortality.

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Determining cellular lineage directed networks in hematopoiesis using single-cell transcriptomic data and volatility-constrained correlation.

Biosystems

August 2024

Department of Information Science, Faculty of Science, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan. Electronic address:

Single-cell transcriptome sequencing (scRNA-seq) has revolutionized our understanding of cellular processes by enabling the analysis of expression profiles at an individual cell level. This technology has shown promise in uncovering new cell types, gene functions, cell differentiation, and trajectory inference through the study of various biological processes, such as hematopoiesis. Recent scRNA-seq analysis of mouse bone marrow cells has provided a network model of hematopoietic lineage.

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Microbial exudates including siderophore, which changes chemical species of actinides and lanthanides. We have investigated effects of desferrioxamine B (DFOB; one of the siderophores) and siderophore-like organic molecules (SLOM) on the adsorption of lanthanides by microbial cells, aluminium oxide (AlO), and manganese (Mn) oxides. When DFOB was present, the distribution coefficients of cerium (Ce) were measured to be lower than those of neighboring elements of lanthanum (La) and praseodymium (Pr) (Negative anomaly of Ce adsorption).

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Background: Few prediction models for individuals with early-stage out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) have undergone external validation. This study aimed to externally validate updated prediction models for OHCA outcomes using a large nationwide dataset.

Methods And Results: We performed a secondary analysis of the JAAM-OHCA (Comprehensive Registry of In-Hospital Intensive Care for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Survival and the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest) registry.

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Introduction/objectives: To assess the utility of the computerized cognitive function assessment tool, CogEvo, as a screening tool for mild cognitive impairment in primary care, we explored the relationship between CogEvo performance, age, and the severity of cognitive dysfunction evaluated by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).

Methods: The observational cross-sectional study included 209 individuals' data (mean age 79.4 ± 8.

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Purpose: The efficacy of sleep extension therapy using a remote support system (SET-R) was investigated in university students with increased social jetlag (SJL).

Methods: For this two-arm parallel randomized controlled trial, we recruited Japanese university students with SJL ≥ 60 min. The SET-R provided an individualized sleep schedule for gradual sleep extension using email and sleep hygiene education, stimulus control therapy, and progressive muscle relaxation as web content.

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Sequence of Epinephrine and Advanced Airway Placement After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.

JAMA Netw Open

February 2024

Division of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.

Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the best sequence for administering epinephrine and advanced airway management (AAM) during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) to determine its impact on patient survival outcomes.
  • Conducted on a large cohort from a national OHCA registry in Japan, the research focused on adults aged 18 and older who received either or both treatments from emergency services between 2014 and 2019.
  • Results showed that patients who received epinephrine before AAM had significantly better survival rates after one month, regardless of whether their initial heart rhythm was shockable or nonshockable.
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Background: Research has described differences in the provision of prehospital treatment for women who experience out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. However, studies have reported conflicting results regarding survival outcomes or in-hospital interventions between sexes. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association of sex with survival outcomes and in-hospital treatments in Japan.

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Elevated concentration of saturated fatty acids in plasma adversely affects pancreatic β-cells, but the effects of unsaturated fatty acids are controversial. In this study, we examined the effects of oleic acid (OA), a monounsaturated fatty acid, on mitochondrial function, which is important for insulin secretion, using INS-1 cells, a pancreatic β-cell line derived from rats. Observations of mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular ATP concentration showed that the electron transport chain was enhanced and ATP production increased in cells treated with OA, indicating that the response that occurs from sensing an increase in glucose concentration to the production of ATP was accelerated.

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Basic life support for non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrests during school-supervised sports activities in children: A nationwide observational study in Japan.

Resusc Plus

March 2024

Division of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.

Article Synopsis
  • - The study aimed to evaluate how bystander-initiated CPR and AED use impact survival rates in children experiencing non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrests during school sports activities in Japan.
  • - Analyzed data from 318 cases showed that the combination of CPR and AED significantly increased the chances of favorable neurological outcomes after one month, with a survival rate of 64.8%.
  • - While CPR or AED alone did not result in significantly better outcomes compared to no intervention, combining both methods greatly enhanced survival rates for children suffering from cardiac arrest in these situations.
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Barley consumption under a high-fat diet suppresses lipogenic genes through altered intestinal bile acid composition.

J Nutr Biochem

March 2024

Graduate School of Studies in Human Culture, Otsuma Women's University, Tokyo, Japan; The Institute of Human Culture Studies, Otsuma Women's University, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address:

We evaluated whether barley flour consumption in a high-fat environment affects lipid metabolism through signals mediated by bile acids. Four-week-old mice were fed a high-fat diet supplemented with cellulose (HC) or β-glucan-rich barley flour (HB) for 12 weeks. Bile acid composition in the intestinal tract and feces was measured by GC/MS.

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  • A study in Japan aimed to investigate the relationship between anticholinergic drugs and the risk of dementia in older adults, focusing on a population over 65 years old.
  • The research analyzed claim data from 2014 to 2020, including nearly 67,000 dementia cases and 329,000 matched controls, revealing that those prescribed anticholinergic medications had a significantly higher likelihood of being diagnosed with dementia.
  • Specific drug types linked to increased dementia risk included antidepressants, antiparkinsonian drugs, antipsychotics, and bladder antimuscarinics, indicating a need for careful prescription in the aging population.
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  • The study explores the discrepancies in diagnosing and treating relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) between sports medicine physicians in the USA and Japan, highlighting the challenges faced due to symptom variations and lack of guidelines.
  • An anonymous survey revealed that a significantly higher percentage of US physicians (77.6%) screened athletes for RED-S compared to only 17.5% of Japanese physicians, indicating a major difference in practices.
  • The findings suggest a need for improved education and training for sports medicine physicians, especially regarding RED-S and its related conditions, to enhance the treatment of female athletes in both countries.
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