The design and evaluation of a bone health teaching module for secondary school students in NSW, Australia.

Issue Addressed: The growing prevalence of osteoporosis requires preventative management starting from an early age as peak bone mass is typically reached by age 30. However, current Australian adolescents are not adequately addressing key osteoprotective factors. Alarmingly, around 17% have insufficient vitamin D levels, 55% consume insufficient dietary calcium, and 79% are insufficiently active.

Effects of Synbiotic Supplementation on Bone and Metabolic Health in Caucasian Postmenopausal Women: Rationale and Design of the OsteoPreP Trial.

Background/objectives: Correction of decreased diversity of the gut microbiome, which is characteristic of menopause, by supplementation with a synbiotic may attenuate or prevent dysbiosis processes and preserve bone mass. We describe the rationale and design of the OsteoPreP trial aimed at evaluating the effects of 12 months of supplementation with a synbiotic on bone and metabolic health in postmenopausal Caucasian women.

Methods: This is a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial among 160 Caucasian, postmenopausal women with no current diagnosis of osteoporosis or supplementation with pro- or prebiotics, and no medical treatment affecting bone turnover.

The effect of osteoporosis education on osteoporosis knowledge level and daily life in Parkinson's disease patients: A 12-week, randomized-controlled trial.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effect of osteoporosis education on osteoporosis knowledge level (OKL) and behavioral changes in daily life in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Patients And Methods: Between May 2019 and December 2019, a total of 54 patients (34 males, 20 females; median age: 68.5 years; range, 50 to 87 years) were included in the study.

Thoracolumbar Posterior Pedicle Screw Fixation and Laminectomy for an Osteoporotic Vertebral Fracture Resulting From Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in an Adult Patient: A Case Report.

Vertebral fractures (VFs) occasionally appear as the first manifestation of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in children. However, in adults, it is uncommon for VFs to lead to a diagnosis of ALL, and surgical intervention is even rarer. We encountered a case of a 42-year-old man with ALL who presented with acute severe back pain, lower limb numbness, dysuria, and hamstring weakness.

Impact of the guidance on fracture Liaison Services and the introduction of a new fee for secondary fracture prevention in Japan: Implementation of secondary fracture prevention during hospitalization for fragility fractures.

Unlabelled: In Japan, the publication of the Fracture Liaison Service Clinical Standard (FLS-CS) had no apparent effect on the implementation of secondary fracture prevention, but the introduction of a new management fee for secondary fracture prevention significantly promoted the implementation of secondary fracture prevention for the target disease.

Background: Secondary fracture prevention is important for managing fragility fractures. In Japan, the FLS-CS was published in 2019, alongside the introduction of a new management fee for secondary fracture prevention, launched in 2022 for patients who underwent surgery for hip fracture.

Romosozumab versus bisphosphonates for preventing subsequent vertebral fractures after balloon kyphoplasty: comparison using data from two prospective multicenter studies.

Preventing subsequent fractures after vertebral augmentation is a critical clinical concern. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of romosozumab and bisphosphonate administration on the occurrence of subsequent vertebral fractures after balloon kyphoplasty (BKP) and to identify factors associated with the occurrence of subsequent vertebral fractures. The study compared 24 patients who underwent BKP and received romosozumab with 58 control patients who underwent BKP and received bisphosphonates, all within 2 months of acute osteoporotic vertebral fracture and showing unfavorable magnetic resonance imaging prognostic factors.

Denosumab-Induced Recurrent Severe Hypocalcaemia in a Patient With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Case Report.

Denosumab is a human monoclonal immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) antibody that is used in the management of osteoporosis and various bone-related disorders to help strengthen bones and prevent fractures. Declining renal function and the drug denosumab are both associated with an increased risk of hypocalcaemia. The combination of both factors in a patient, along with the long half-life of the drug, can cause further exacerbation of this risk.

Association between modified dietary inflammation index score and lumbar vertebrae bone mineral density in patients with hypertension: data from NHANES-a population-based study.

Background: The modified Dietary Inflammation Index Score (M-DIS) is a scoring system used to quantify the inflammatory effects of nutrients and foods. Inflammation may affect Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and increase the risk of osteoporosis and fractures. The purpose of this study was to utilize data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to evaluate the relationship between M-DIS and lumbar vertebrae BMD in patients with hypertension.

Biological Agent and Total Hip Arthroplasty in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Purpose: Therapies for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have shown significant improvement since the introduction of biological agents (BIO) in 2003 and Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) in 2013 in Japan. The rate of orthopedic surgery, including total hip arthroplasties (THA), may reflect trends in disease severity, management, and health outcomes.

Materials And Methods: An analysis of data on THAs performed at our institutes for treatment of RA with BIO or non-BIO therapy from 2004 to 2021 was conducted.

Prevalence and Impact of Fractures in Persons with Spinal Cord Injuries: A Population-Based Study Comparing Fracture Rates between Individuals with Traumatic and Nontraumatic Spinal Cord Injury.

Background: Musculoskeletal complications are one of the most common reasons for a patient with a spinal cord injury (SCI) to be rehospitalized. Bone loss due to immobilization and changes in metabolic processes because of the SCI lead to an increased risk of fractures.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and demographic characteristics of people living with an SCI who had a secondary fracture.

Vertebroplasty for painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a protocol for a single-center doubled-blind randomized sham-controlled clinical trial. VOPE2.

Background: One in three women and one in five men over the age of 50 will experience an osteoporotic fracture. Vertebral fractures can be very painful, affect patients' daily function, and in severe cases require hospitalization. Traditionally, fracture pain is treated conservatively with analgesics, and bracing.

Factors correlated to oral frailty and number of remaining teeth among 80-year-old population in Japan.

Background: Oral frailty is proposed as a new concept defined as an age-related gradual loss of oral functions accompanied by a decline in cognitive and physical functions in older adults. Additionally, the participants with ≥ 20 remaining teeth are associated with a lower risk of cognitive frailty in older adults. Herein, we aimed to examine the correlations between the high risk of oral frailty and oral conditions or health behavior in community-dwelling 80-year-old adults in Japan.

Sentinel fracture: the necessity of improved post-fracture care.

Fragility fractures caused by osteoporosis, the most common metabolic bone disease, place a significant burden on affected individuals and impose substantial economic costs. A fragility fracture implies an imminent elevated risk for subsequent fractures, particularly in the short term. Therefore, osteoporosis must be addressed in the event of a sentinel fracture, if not already previously treated.

Development and implementation of a physiotherapy exercise intervention with tailored support for exercise adherence for people with vertebral fragility fractures (OPTIN trial).

Objectives: The OsteoPorosis Tailored exercise adherence INtervention (OPTIN) trial is a two-arm, multi-centre randomised controlled trial. It compares the effectiveness of physiotherapy exercise rehabilitation with integrated support for exercise adherence, to physiotherapy exercise rehabilitation alone, for people with vertebral fragility fracture (VFF) and back pain. This paper describes the development of the physiotherapist-led adherence enhanced intervention.

Role of microRNA in Diabetic Osteoporosis.

Diabetic osteoporosis (DOP), a complication associated with diabetes mellitus (DM), is a metabolic bone disorder characterized by a reduction in bone mass per unit volume, impaired bone tissue microarchitecture, heightened bone fragility, and increased susceptibility to fractures. Individuals with diabetes exhibit a significantly greater incidence of osteoporosis and related fractures than those without diabetes. These fractures present a significant challenge in terms of the healing process and can result in severe consequences, including fatalities.

Understanding the impact of diabetes on bone health: A clinical review.

Diabetic bone disease, a form of secondary osteoporosis, is characterized by weakened bones and an increased risk of fractures, especially in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This review explores the key mechanisms driving this condition, including hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and proinflammatory cytokines, all of which disturb normal bone turnover by disrupting the functions of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. We examine the roles of bone turnover and mineralization, as well as how microvascular complications affect bone microarchitecture.

An insight for Fracture Liaison Service implementation: a qualitative study from a developing country.

Introduction /objective: Osteoporosis often goes undetected until the first fracture, significantly increasing the risk of subsequent fractures. The Fracture Liaison Service (FLS) model aims to prevent secondary fractures and improve osteoporosis management. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current status of FLS implementation in Iran, applying the essential elements outlined in the FLS framework.

The relationship between falls and hip bone mineral density of paretic and nonparetic limbs after stroke.

Background: Poststroke osteoporosis, particularly of the hip, and an increased risk of fractures due to accidental falls are well known in people with stroke. Only a few of the current stroke guidelines recommend bone mineral density (BMD) measurements during follow-up in this population and measurements are often performed unilaterally.

Objectives: To compare femoral hip BMD between fallers and nonfallers among patients with stroke, while also assessing differences in balance, mobility, fear of falling, and exploring discrepancies between paretic and nonparetic sides within each group.