The utility of surgical drains in adult and pediatric posterior spinal fusion: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Surgical drains are utilized in spinal surgery to reduce the incidence of epidural hematomas (EDHs) and to facilitate optimal wound healing. Despite their widespread use, there is a paucity of data to support their utility. The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to compare the effect of using drains versus no drains on postoperative outcomes in adult and pediatric patients undergoing posterior spinal fusions for deformity or degenerative conditions.

Bone Tumors of the Jaw - the "Blind Spot" for Radiologists Experienced with Tumors? - Part II.

Primary bone tumours of the jaw are rare tumoral entities and do substantially differ from other bone tumours of the human body with respect of their frequently encountered unusual radiological appearances. The reason for that may be confined to the co-existence of two closely neighbored but different anatomical structures (i.e.

Bone Tumors of the Jaw - the "Blind Spot" for Radiologists Experienced with Tumors? - Part I.

Primary bone tumours of the jaw are rare tumoral entities and do substantially differ from other bone tumours of the human body with respect of their frequently encountered unusual radiological appearances. The reason for that may be confined to the co-existence of two closely neighbored but different anatomical structures (i.e.

Nephrotic Syndrome and Recurrent Infection.

Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by the leakage of protein from the blood into the urine along with the triad of proteinuria, albuminuria, and peripheral edema. Loss of protein leads to the loss of immunoglobulin and complements. X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA), or Bruton disease, is a primary immunodeficiency disease caused by a defect in the development of B cells in the bone marrow and a low serum level of immunoglobulins.

Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Scoping Review.

To map the literature about photodynamic therapy in treating diabetic foot ulcers. Diabetic foot ulcers get constantly infected, thus culminating in hospitalizations and amputations. Photodynamic therapy is an antimicrobial treatment that may assist in the healing process.

Radiological Assessment of Fusobacterium Necrophorum Osteomyelitis and Septic Arthritis: A Case Report.

This case report presents a unique case of pediatric Fusobacterium necrophorum osteomyelitis and septic arthritis, emphasizing the role of radiological imaging in diagnosis, treatment planning, and monitoring. Fusobacterium necrophorum, typically a member of the head and neck flora, is an uncommon causative agent of osteomyelitis, making this case particularly noteworthy. A 17-year-old male, with a history of recurrent otalgia, presented with worsening right otalgia, otorrhea for six days, headache, decreased range of motion of the neck to the right, and right hip pain.

Metastatic infection of hypervirulent .

Hypervirulent (hvKp) has a unique ability to cause organ or life-threatening tissue invasive infection in multiple sites. This case highlights that classical hvKp resulted in multiple abscesses in every body site, especially in the necrotizing fasciitis and osteomyelitis. The combination of antibiotics, drainage and debridement is essential for cure.

A Case of Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis (CRMO).

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is a rare but underdiagnosed, severe inflammatory bone disease that primarily affects children. It's typically characterized by bone pain, especially within the metaphysis of long bones, clavicles, and vertebrae, but it can present in any bone and with varied presentation, including extraosseous symptoms that may be associated with other autoimmune/inflammatory diseases. Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis is a sterile bone disease that does not typically have an infectious source.

A transformer-based deep learning model for identifying the occurrence of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis and predicting blood culture results.

Background: Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis is the most common form of osteomyelitis in children. In recent years, the incidence of osteomyelitis has been steadily increasing. For pediatric patients, clearly describing their symptoms can be quite challenging, which often necessitates the use of complex diagnostic methods, such as radiology.

Subdural Empyema in a 13-Year-Old Male With History of Head Trauma: A Case Report.

Subdural empyema is rare but serious intracranial infection characterized by accumulation of pus between dura mater and arachnoid layer. The spread of infection is typically originating from sinusitis, otitis media, or osteomyelitis. Early diagnosis by radiological imaging and prompt treatment, either by surgical intervention or by broad spectrum antibiotics are crucial to prevent life threatening complications.

Infections in sickle cell disease.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the commonest severe inherited disorders in the world. Infection accounts for a significant amount of the morbidity and mortality, particularly in sub- Saharan Africa, but is relatively poorly studied and characterized. Patients with SCD have significant immunodeficiency and are more likely to suffer severe and life-threatening complications of infection, and additionally infections can trigger complications of SCD itself.

Papillary Muscle Rupture in the Setting of Endocarditis.

Papillary muscle rupture is commonly linked to ischemic events, occurring typically postmyocardial infarction. However, iatrogenic and nonischemic etiologies can play a role in papillary muscle rupture, including infective endocarditis. The case presented herein is an 85-year-old female with a history of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), who presented with progressive dyspnea despite furosemide therapy, and was discovered to have a flail posterior mitral valve leaflet secondary to papillary muscle rupture associated with endocarditis.

Ceftazidime-Cefazolin Empiric Therapy for Pediatric Gradenigo Syndrome.

Objective: Gradenigo Syndrome (GS), a rare complication of petrous apicitis secondary to acute otitis media, is characterized by (an often incomplete) triad of otorrhea, abducens nerve palsy, and facial pain along the trigeminal nerve distribution. There are several causative pathogens of petrous apicitis, including and species, while is the most common. However, the case report literature often describes antibiotic management of GS with antibiotics that do not cover , potentially predisposing to further intracranial complications or mortality.

Re-infection after treatment for moderate and severe diabetic foot infections.

To investigate risk factors for re-infection and compare the outcomes in people with diabetic foot infections. A retrospective chart review was conducted, and 294 hospitalised patients with moderate to severe diabetic foot infections (DFIs) were analysed for this study. The diagnosis and classification of the severity of infection was based on the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) infection guidelines.

Pott's Puffy Tumor Initially Presenting as Eyelid Swelling without Typical Forehead Swelling: A Case Report.

Pott's puffy tumor is a rare complication of frontal sinusitis characterized by frontal bone osteomyelitis with a subperiosteal abscess typically presenting with forehead swelling. We herein report a 21-year-old man with Pott's puffy tumor presenting as eyelid swelling on the opposite side of the sinusitis, without typical forehead swelling. Initially treated for sinusitis and pre-septal cellulitis with poor response, head magnetic resonance imaging revealed bilateral subdural abscesses and osteomyelitis of the frontal and bilateral parietal bones, leading to the diagnosis.

Caffey disease in an infant.

A previously healthy female infant was brought to the paediatrics outpatient department by her mother reporting increased irritability and swelling behind her left shoulder, accompanied by restricted movement in her left arm. The irritability had been present for the past 5 months, with swelling also noticed at that time, gradually increasing in size. On examination, a large, firm, immobile mass was detected on the left scapular region.

Microbiological Spectrum of Osteoarticular Infections and Their Management in Mongolian Children.

. Osteoarticular infections (OI) in children cause considerable morbidity with associated long-lasting sequelae. Comprehensive data in Mongolian children are missing.

Dental implants versus removable prostheses for the management of edentulous sites in patients with florid cemento-osseous dysplasia: A systematic review of literature with a follow-up period of at least 3 years.

Purpose: To compare the medium- and long-term efficacy of implants and removable prostheses used to manage edentulous patients with florid cemento-osseous dysplasia.

Materials And Methods: The PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases were searched from December 2022 to March 2023. Two independent reviewers completed the search using a population, intervention, comparison, outcome and time questionnaire.

Nano-scaffold-based delivery systems of antimicrobial agents in the treatment of osteomyelitis ; a narrative review.

Osteomyelitis caused by drug-resistant pathogens is one of the most important medical challenges due to high rates of mortality and morbidity, and limited therapeutical options. The application of novel nano-scaffolds loaded with antibiotics has widely been studied and extensively evaluated for and inhibition of pathogens, regenerating damaged bone tissue, and increasing bone cell proliferation. The treatment of bone infections using the local osteogenic scaffolds loaded with antimicrobial agents may efficiently overcome the problems of the systemic use of antimicrobial agents and provide a controlled release and sufficient local levels of antibiotics in the infected sites.

Skull Base Osteomyelitis and Parapharyngeal Abscess as Complications of Otitis Media in a Young Immunocompetent Man.

Skull base osteomyelitis (SBO) is a rare and lethal infection of temporal bone, uncommonly caused by purulent otitis media. Although uncommon, a young and immunocompetent person is not exceptional to develop SBO as in our case. We reported a case of SBO in a young, immunocompetent gentleman who presented with right otorrhea associated with fever, trismus, headache, and neck stiffness, which was unresponsive to oral and topical antibiotics.

Mucor mycosis of tibia: A case report of An unsolved entity.

Mucormycosis of tibia is a highly aggressive fungal infection. It is an uncommon affection especially in immunocompromised host who have more propensity for such affections. The nonhealing ulcer of the left leg in an immunocompromised host status of a 45-year-old male presented with a radiological lytic lesion of the distal lower fourth of tibia.

Examining Infectious Complications Following Lumbar Puncture in Children.

Little is known about infectious complications of lumbar puncture (LP) in children. We reviewed records of children with bacterial meningitis, intraspinal abscess, and vertebral osteomyelitis over a 3-year period to identify infections following LP. Four children with bacterial meningitis and 1 child with vertebral osteomyelitis were identified and their clinical presentations were described.

Reconstruction of large post-traumatic segmental femoral defects using vascularised bone flaps: a retrospective case series.

Background: Large femoral defects after trauma, femoral non-unions, fractures complicated by osteomyelitis or defects after bone tumour resection present high burden and increased morbidity for patient and are challenging for reconstructive surgeons. Defects larger than 6 cm and smaller defects after failed spongioplasty are suitable for reconstruction using a free, eventually a pedicled vascularised bone flap. The free fibular flap is preferred but an iliac crest free flap or a pedicled medial femoral condyle flap can be also used.