Tyrosine kinase inhibitor discontinuation in non-allografted Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients: a Campus ALL real-life study.

Not available.

Safety of steroids in severe community-acquired pneumonia.

The systemic use of corticosteroids for patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (sCAP) remains controversial in clinical practice, particularly in terms of the safety profile of these drugs. This narrative review aims to analyse the available literature data concerning the safety of short-term steroid use in the treatment of sCAP, while also highlighting potential future research directions. Several trials and meta-analyses have evaluated corticosteroid therapy as an adjuvant treatment for sCAP, yielding heterogeneous results regarding its efficacy and safety.

A Multimodal Approach to Symptomatic Endometriosis: A Proposed Algorithm for Clinical Management.

Recent research has proven that peripheral (PS) and central sensitization (CS), mental health, and myofascial dysfunction all play a role, alongside nociception, in the genesis and in the perpetuation of endometriosis' symptoms. However, such components of pain are still largely ignored in clinical practice, although not considering such contributors may entail serious consequences on women's health, including the choice of unnecessary surgery and leaving the real causes of pain untreated. At the present time, we are facing a paradox by which 25-40% of women who undergo laparoscopic surgery for pelvic pain do not have an obvious diagnosis, while the percentage of women with endometriosis who have signs of CS, of depressive or anxiety disorders, or who have an increased pelvic muscle tone ammounts to 41-55%, 15-88% and 28-73%, respectively.

Critical Care Therapy After Cytoreductive Nephrectomy for Metastatic Kidney Cancer.

Objectives: To examine critical care therapy rates after cytoreductive nephrectomy in metastatic kidney cancer patients.

Design, Setting, And Patients: Relying on the National Inpatient Sample (2000-2019), we addressed critical care therapy use (total parenteral nutrition, invasive mechanical ventilation, renal replacement therapy, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube insertion, and tracheostomy) and in-hospital mortality in surgically treated metastatic kidney cancer patients. Estimated annual percentage changes and multivariable logistic regression models were fitted.

Establishing minimal clinically important difference of modified dynamic gait index in people with subacute stroke.

Background: People with stroke (PwST) often have significant balance limitations, making it crucial to focus rehabilitation on improving mobility and reducing the risk of falls. The Modified Dynamic Gait Index (MDGI) is recommended for measuring balance in various neurological conditions, but a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) score specific to PwST is missing.

Objectives: To calculate the MCID of the MDGI in PwST during the subacute phase.

Evaluating the impact of changing inhaler color on perception of symptoms and disease burden in patients with asthma: The FEEL study.

ObjectivesPatient perception of treatment effectiveness is key to optimizing adherence. This is potentially impacted by color, yet no such studies have been conducted in asthma. This study assessed the influence of pink vs.

The role of noninvasive biomarkers for monitoring cell injury in advanced liver fibrosis.

Introduction: Accurate and reliable diagnosis and monitoring of hepatic fibrosis is increasingly important given the variable natural history in chronic liver disease (CLD) and expanding antifibrotic therapeutic options targeting reversibility of early-stage cirrhosis. This highlights the need to develop more refined and effective noninvasive techniques for the dynamic assessment of fibrogenesis and fibrolysis.

Areas Covered: We conducted a literature review on PubMed, from 1 December 1970, to 1 November 2024, to evaluate and compare available blood-based and imaging-based noninvasive tools for hepatic fibrosis diagnosis and monitoring.

Patterns of C1-Inhibitor Plasma Levels and Kinin-Kallikrein System Activation in Relation to COVID-19 Severity.

Background: Although more than four years have passed since the pandemic began, SARS-CoV-2 continues to be of concern. Therefore, research into the underlying mechanisms that contribute to the development of the disease, especially in more severe forms, remains a priority. Sustained activation of the complement (CS), contact (CAS), and fibrinolytic and kinin-kallikrein systems (KKS) has been shown to play a central role in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Non-Invasive Ventilation Failure in Pediatric ICU: A Machine Learning Driven Prediction.

: Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) has emerged as a possible first-step treatment to avoid invasive intubation in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) due to its advantages in reducing intubation-associated risks. However, the timely identification of NIV failure is crucial to prevent adverse outcomes. This study aims to identify predictors of first-attempt NIV failure in PICU patients by testing various machine learning techniques and comparing their predictive abilities.

Natural Compounds Targeting Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin (TSLP): A Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Atopic Dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with rising prevalence, marked by eczematous lesions, itching, and a weakened skin barrier often tied to filaggrin gene mutations. This breakdown allows allergen and microbe entry, with thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) playing a crucial role by activating immune pathways that amplify the allergic response. TSLP's central role in AD pathogenesis makes it a promising therapeutic target.

Baricitinib for the treatment of severe alopecia areata: results from a 52-week multicenter retrospective real-world study.

Baricitinib, a JAK 1/2 inhibitor, is approved for treating severe alopecia areata (AA). This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness and safety of baricitinib in a real-world setting over 52 weeks. This multicenter retrospective study included 96 adult patients diagnosed with severe AA from 11 Italian Dermatology Units.

Costs of Oral Corticosteroid Use in Patients with Severe Asthma With/Without Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: Data from the Italian SANI Registry.

Introduction: The burden of severe asthma on patients, especially on those with concomitant chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), is substantial. Treatment intensification with oral corticosteroids is a common strategy for managing severe asthma exacerbations; however, prolonged exposure to systemic corticosteroids is associated with multisystem toxicity. This study aimed to quantify the association between oral corticosteroid use and annual asthma-related costs in patients with severe asthma with or without CRSwNP.

Global, regional, and national burden of primary liver cancer attributable to metabolic risks: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2021.

Background: The global burden of metabolic diseases is increasing, but estimates of their impact on primary liver cancer are uncertain. We aimed to assess the global burden of primary liver cancer attributable to metabolic risk factors, including high body mass index (BMI) and high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels, between 1990 and 2021.

Methods: The total number and age-standardized rates of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from primary liver cancer attributable to each metabolic risk factor were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2021.

Bowel preparation for small bowel capsule endoscopy: standard regimen with 2 L polyethylene glycol versus 1 L polyethylene glycol plus ascorbate.

Background/aims: Optimization of bowel preparation for small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) is debated. Guidelines recommend 2 L of iso-osmolar polyethylene glycol (PEG) to improve SBCE visibility. We compared the efficacy of the standard 2 L PEG solution with a 1 L PEG plus ascorbate (PEG-ASC) preparation, which has already been established for large-bowel preparation.

Membrane-targeted push-pull azobenzenes for the optical modulation of membrane potential.

We introduce a family of membrane-targeted azobenzenes (MTs) with a push-pull character as a new tool for cell stimulation. These molecules are water soluble and spontaneously partition in the cell membrane. Upon light irradiation, they isomerize from trans to cis, changing the local charge distribution and thus stimulating the cell response.

Life expectancy in rare histological prostate cancer subtypes.

Survival differences in rare histological prostate cancer (PCa) subtypes relative to age-matched population-based controls are unknown. Within Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004-2020), newly diagnosed (2004-2015) PCa patients were identified. Relying on the Social Security Administration Life Tables (2004-2020) with 5 years of follow-up, age-matched population-based controls (Monte Carlo simulation) were simulated for each patient.

Polygenic Score: A Tool for Evaluating the Genetic Background of Sporadic Hidradenitis Suppurativa.

Sporadic Hidradenitis Suppurativa (spHS) is a multifactorial disease in which genetic predisposition is intertwined with environmental factors. Due to the still to date limited knowledge of spHS genetics, we calculated Polygenic scores (PGS) to study the genetic underpinnings that contribute to spHS within European demographic. 256 spHS patients and 1686 healthy controls were analyzed across 6 European clinical centers.

Drug-Drug Interactions Between DAAs and Anticoagulants or Antiplatelets: A Position Paper of the Italian Anticoagulation Clinics.

The natural history of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has changed after the introduction of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs). Screening programs have been ongoing to reach the World Health Organisation's goal of HCV elimination by 2030, and most infected people are eligible for treatment. Given the increased cardiovascular risk in people with HCV infection and the metabolic pathways of DAAs, it is not uncommon to face the issue of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.

MOUNTAINEER-03 phase III study design: first-line mFOLFOX6 + tucatinib + trastuzumab for HER2+ metastatic colorectal cancer.

Patients diagnosed with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) have a poor prognosis with survival ranging 2-3 years. The prevalence of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) amplification is approximately 3-4% in mCRC and increases up to 8% in patients with // wild-type (WT) CRC tumors. Tucatinib is a highly selective HER2-directed tyrosine kinase inhibitor that, in combination with trastuzumab, has demonstrated clinically meaningful activity in patients with chemotherapy-refractory, HER2-positive (HER2+), WT mCRC in the MOUNTAINEER trial.

Methylcellulose enhances resolution in gravitational field-flow fractionation: Going beyond viscosity.

Gravitational Field-Flow Fractionation (GrFFF) is an elution-based method designed for the separation of particles ranging from a few micrometers up to approximately 100 μm in diameter. Separation occurs over time, with particles being fractionated based on size and other physico-chemical properties. GrFFF takes advantage of gravitational forces acting perpendicularly to a laminar flow in a thin channel.

Spondyloarthritis and Risk of Malignancy: A Narrative Review on a Still Controversial Issue.

Current literature regarding cancer risk in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) is particularly poor and controversial, even though the incidence of malignancy in some patients with RMDs is considered to be increased compared with the general population. Malignancy may be a major comorbidity in subjects with spondyloarthritis (SpA) as the result of multifactorial mechanisms, from disease pathogenesis to the iatrogenic effect of immunomodulating drugs. Several recommendations for screening and management of cancer risk have been developed in recent years with the aim of improving the different outcomes in these patients.