Psychoactive drugs and male fertility: impacts and mechanisms.

Although psychoactive drugs have their therapeutic values, they have been implicated in the pathogenesis of male infertility. This study highlights psychoactive drugs reported to impair male fertility, their impacts, and associated mechanisms. Published data from scholarly peer-reviewed journals were used for the present study.

Pulmonary Hypertension and Left Ventricular Geometric Types in Sickle Cell Anemia.

Pulmonary hypertension (PHT) is multifactorial in origin and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the sickle cell populace. Its correlation with abnormal left ventricular geometric patterns has not been established. Subjects were sickle cell anemic patients of the hematology clinic of a tertiary hospital who gave informed consent.

Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure: Epidemiology, Quality of Life and Clinical Characteristics in the Iron Deficiency and ANaemia in Heart Failure (IDAN-HF) Study in Ogbomoso, Nigeria.

Background: The cluster of atrial fibrillation (AF) with heart failure (HF) may be associated with a poorer prognosis. Its epidemiology and impact on clinical outcomes and quality of life among HF subjects in Africa have not yet been fully described. This study aimed at describing the epidemiology of AF among HF subjects, its impact on quality of life, clinical characteristics, and associations.

Antimalarial Activities of a Therapeutic Combination of Azadirachta indica, Mangifera indica and Morinda lucida Leaves: A Molecular View of its Activity on Plasmodium falciparum Proteins.

Background: The search for new antimalarial drugs remains elusive prompting research into antimalarial combinations from medicinal plants due to their cheapness, efficacy and availability. Azadirachta indica (AI), Morinda lucida (ML) and Mangifera indica (MI) have all been reported as potent antimalarial plants.

Purpose: This study evaluated the efficacy of an antimalarial combination therapeutics prepared from leaves of AI, ML and MI using in vitro, in vivo and molecular methods.

Small intestinal obstruction due to subserosa fibrolipoma in a 2-year-old child: A case report and literature review.

Lipomas of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) are generally rare. They are rare in children, and when they occur they are usually submucosa. Most of the submucosa lipomas of GIT are present in the colon (65%-75%) and small intestine (25%).

Obstetric Outcomes in High-Order Repeat Caesarean Deliveries in Nigeria: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Objective: Our aim was to evaluate the trend of effect of prior caesarean delivery (CD) on obstetric outcomes; and to investigate the existence of a threshold for order of CD associated with geometrical increase in complications.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of 942 parturients who undergone CD between June 2012 and May 2015 in a teaching hospital in Nigeria. The participants were stratified by the order of caesarean deliveries.

Sodium acetate ameliorates doxorubicin-induced cardiac injury via upregulation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling and downregulation of NFkB-mediated apoptotic signaling in Wistar rats.

Despite the effectiveness of doxorubicin (DOX) in the management of a wide range of cancers, a major challenge is its cardio-toxic effect. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis are major pathways for the cardiotoxic effect of DOX. On the other hand, acetate reportedly exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities.

eHealth literacy was associated with anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Electronic health (eHealth) literacy may play an important role in individuals' engagement with online mental health-related information.

Aim: To examine associations between eHealth literacy and psychological outcomes among Nigerians during the Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among Nigerians conducted using the 'COVID-19's impAct on feaR and hEalth (CARE) questionnaire.

Flavonoid glycoside fraction of extract modulates antioxidants imbalance in vanadium-induced brain damage.

Human and animal diseases have always been reported to be treated by medicinal herbs owing to their constituents. Excess sodium metavanadate is a potential environmental toxin when consumed and could induce oxidative damage leading to various neurological disorders and Parkinsons-like diseases. This study is designed to investigate the impact of the flavonoid Glycoside Fraction of Ginkgo Biloba Extract (GBE) (at 30 mg/kg body weight) on vanadium-treated rats.

Determinants of Choice of Specialty by Resident Doctors: A Multi-Center Based Study in South-West Nigeria.

Background And Objectives: An appropriately balanced specialty distribution in residency training will ensure adequate coverage and delivery of essential health needs to the people. An understanding of the factors which influence doctors' career choices is important for all those involved in the training of Resident doctors. The aim of this study is to examine the factors influencing the Resident Doctors' choice of specialty.

A fractional-order mathematical model for malaria and COVID-19 co-infection dynamics.

This study proposes a fractional-order mathematical model for malaria and COVID-19 co-infection using the Atangana-Baleanu Derivative. We explain the various stages of the diseases together in humans and mosquitoes, and we also establish the existence and uniqueness of the fractional order co-infection model solution using the fixed point theorem. We conduct the qualitative analysis along with an epidemic indicator, the basic reproduction number R0 of this model.

Assessment of undergraduate health students' perception and satisfaction on training and participation in community health outreach.

Aim: The need to improve training of health professionals has increased in recent years due to increasing frequencies of public health events. Consequently, a descriptive cross-sectional survey was carried out to determine the level of satisfaction and knowledge acquired by undergraduate students in the health sciences during a community health outreach program.

Subject And Methods: Students were invited to complete an online-administered questionnaire (consisting of both open- and closed-ended questions) to assess their perceptions and experiences on the community health outreach program.

Chemical composition and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of essential oil from the leaves of Weeras. & R.M.K. Saunders.

The present study provides the first information on the chemical composition and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of the essential oil (EO) from the leaves of Weeras. & R.M.

Zinc protects against lead-induced testicular damage via modulation of steroidogenic and xanthine oxidase/uric acid/caspase 3-mediated apoptotic signaling in male Wistar rats.

Aim: This study evaluated the effect of lead, with or without zinc co-administration, on steroidogenic and xanthine oxidase (XO)/uric acid (UA)/caspase 3-mediated apoptotic signaling in the testis.

Materials And Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups at random; vehicle-treated control, zinc-treated, lead-treated, and lead + zinc-treated groups.

Results: Lead exposure significantly lowered overall weight gain, testicular, epididymal, seminal vesicle, and prostate weights.

Zinc improves sexual performance and erectile function by preventing penile oxidative injury and upregulating circulating testosterone in lead-exposed rats.

Aim: The present study evaluated the effect of lead exposure with and without zinc therapy on male sexual and erectile function.

Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups; the control, zinc-treated, lead-exposed, lead + zinc-treated groups. Administrations were per os daily for 28 days.

Molecular properties and In silico bioactivity evaluation of (4-fluorophenyl)[5)-3-phen-(4-nitrophenyl yl-4,5-dihydro-1-pyrazol-1-yl]methanone derivatives: DFT and molecular docking approaches.

Objectives: Molecular structures, spectroscopic properties, charge distributions, frontier orbital energies, nonlinear optical (NLO) properties and molecular docking simulations were analyzed to examine the bio-usefulness of a series of (4-fluorophenyl)[5-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]methanone derivatives.

Methods: The compounds were studied through computational methods. Equilibrium optimization of the compounds was performed at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level of theory, and geometric parameters, frequency vibration, UV-vis spectroscopy and reactivity properties were predicted on the basis of density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Time-to-survival from COVID-19 disease and its associated factors in Osun State, Nigeria.

Introduction This study focused on estimating the probability of survival and the specific time to survival from COVID-19 among patients who had COVID-19 in Osun state, Nigeria. Also, we examined some factors associated with the time to survival among COVID-19 patients in Osun state, Nigeria. Methods The retrospective data of 2596 records of COVID-19 patients in Osun state were analysed in this study.

Satisfaction and perceived impact of virtual learning during COVID-19 lockdown: A case study of an online nursing research conference.

Aim: This study aimed to assess nurses' satisfaction and perceptions of the impact of virtual learning.

Design: A descriptive cross-sectional survey.

Method: 236 nurses attending an online conference from several parts of Nigeria participated in the study.

Determinants of Suboptimal Peak Inspiratory Flow Rates among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Southwest, Nigeria.

Background: Inhalational therapy is the cornerstone in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Patients' peak inspiratory flow impacts effective dry powder inhaler (DPI) delivery and management outcome.

Objective: This study assessed peak inspiratory flow rates (PIFR) and determined the factors associated with suboptimal inspiratory flow rates among COPD patients.

Health, well-being, and burnout amongst Early Career Doctors in Nigeria.

Background: Early Career Doctors (ECDs) in Nigeria are faced with many individual and systemic problems, which consequently adversely affect their health, well-being, patient care and safety.

Objective: This study, the second phase of the Challenges of Residency Training and Early Career Doctors in Nigeria (CHARTING II) Study, sought to examine the risk factors and contributors to the health, well-being and burnout amongst Nigerian ECDs.

Methods: This was a study of health, well-being and burnout amongst Nigerian ECDs.

Androgenetic alopecia: Traditional cardiovascular risk factors, metabolic syndrome, and component traits among Nigerian adults.

Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) has been linked to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Works on AGA, cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) and MetS are rare among Nigerians.

Aim: This study set out to determine the relationship among CVRFs, MetS, and AGA.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mother and child health in Sub-Saharan Africa - a review.

Prior to the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there was a decrease in the maternal mortality rate in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) by 38%. This corresponds to a decline of 2.9% on average each year.

Triazophos-induced Respiratory and Behavioral Effects and Development of Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) for short-term Exposed Freshwater Snail, Bellamya Bengalensis.

The physiological effects of triazophos were examined using respiratory and behavioral endpoints in Bellamya bengalensis under a 96-hour acute exposure regime. Physiological manifestation of respiratory stress was measured using the rate of oxygen consumption while behavioral toxicity was measured using crawling reflexes, touch response, and mucus production. The threshold effect values for LOEC (Lowest Observed Effect Concentration), NOEC (No Observed Effect Concentration), and MATC (Maximum Acceptable Toxicant Concentration) at 96 h were 0.