71,097 results match your criteria: "Osaka University[Affiliation]"
Kidney Int
December 2024
Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan. Electronic address:
Red yeast rice, traditionally used in Asian cuisine and increasingly marketed as a dietary supplement for cholesterol management, has recently been linked to kidney dysfunction in Japan. In late 2023 to early 2024, multiple cases involving specific Beni-koji (red yeast rice) tablets from three different Beni-koji preparations, prompted a safety reevaluation. Although citrinin, a known nephrotoxin of red yeast rice, was not produced by the implicated strains, new safety concerns emerged.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Radioact
December 2024
Graduate School of Human Environment, Osaka Sangyo University, Osaka, 5748530, Japan.
Tritium, a radioactive isotope produced naturally through cosmic radiation interactions and anthropogenically through nuclear weapons testing, poses potential environmental risks, particularly within the water cycle. This study measured tritium concentrations in surface water across Thailand to establish a baseline dataset for monitoring potential contamination from nuclear activities and accidents. Surface water samples were collected from 14 large reservoirs during the wet season in October 2023 and the dry season in February 2024, providing a total of 28 samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLung Cancer
November 2024
Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan. Electronic address:
Objectives: There is limited consensus on resectability criteria for Stage IIIA-N2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We examined the patient characteristics, N2 status, treatment decisions, and clinical outcomes according to the treatment modality for Stage IIIA-N2 NSCLC in Japan.
Materials And Methods: Patients with Stage IIIA-N2 NSCLC in Japan were consecutively registered in the SOLUTION study between 2013 and 2014.
J Diabetes Investig
December 2024
Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
Objective: This ACTION-IO sub-analysis compared attitudes of people with obesity (PwO) and healthcare professionals (HCPs) between South Korea/Japan and global.
Methods: Responses from overall (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 25 kg/m) and higher BMI (30.0-34.
Hum Genome Var
December 2024
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
DSG2, encoding desmoglein-2, is one of the causative genes of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. We previously identified a homozygous DSG2 p.Arg119Ter stop-gain variant in a patient with juvenile-onset cardiomyopathy and advanced biventricular heart failure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochem Biophys Res Commun
December 2024
Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. Electronic address:
Pain is a major non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). The relationship between hyperalgesia and neuropeptides originating from paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rats has already been investigated for oxytocin (OXT), but not yet for arginine vasopressin (AVP) and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). The present study aimed to investigate the alterations in these neuropeptides following nociceptive stimulation in PD model rats and to examine the mechanisms of hyperalgesia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Trace Elem Med Biol
November 2024
Course on Research for Nutrition and Growth, Teikyo Heisei University, Tokyo, Japan.
Objective: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of NPC-25, zinc histidine hydrate, in patients with hypozincemia. This randomized multicenter active-controlled open-label trial aimed to verify the non-inferiority of NPC-25 to NOBELZIN™, zinc acetate dihydrate.
Methods: Participants whose serum zinc concentrations were <70 μg/dL at two points within 8 weeks before the start of treatment were randomized 1:1 into the NPC-25 (active drug) administration group and the NOBELZIN™ (control drug) administration group, using dynamic allocation.
J Exp Med
February 2025
Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are unconventional T cells recognizing lipid antigens in a CD1d-restricted manner. Among these lipid antigens, α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer), which was originally identified in marine sponges, is the most potent antigen. Although the presence of α-anomeric hexosylceramide and microbiota-derived branched α-GalCer is reported, antigenic α-GalCer has not been identified in mammals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRegen Ther
March 2025
Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan.
Vascular interactions play a crucial role in embryogenesis, including skeletal development. During endochondral ossification, vascular networks are formed as mesenchymal cells condense and later invade skeletal elements to form the bone marrow. We and other groups developed a model of endochondral ossification by implanting human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived sclerotome into immunodeficient mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Robot AI
December 2024
Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
The use of social robots for product advertising is becoming prevalent. Previous studies have demonstrated that social robots can positively impact sales recommendations. However, the essential question of "how effectively customers remember the advertised content" remains unexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is an immune-mediated disease that mainly affects the peripheral nerves and nerve roots and typically presents with distal dominant motor and sensory disturbances as clinical symptoms. Central nervous system (CNS) demyelination with inflammation occurs infrequently in patients with CIDP. Here, we present a unique autopsy report of CIDP causing severe demyelination along the entire spinal cord.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Mater
December 2024
Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan.
Traditional selectivity of gas sensors determined by the magnitude of the response value has significant limitations. The distinctive inversion sensing behavior not only defies the traditional sensing theory but also provides insight into defining selectivity. Herein, the novel definition of selectivity is established in a study with VO(M1).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Med Dir Assoc
December 2024
Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan. Electronic address:
Objectives: The study aimed to develop a machine learning (ML) model to predict early postdischarge falls in older adults using data that are easy to collect in acute care hospitals. This may reduce the burden imposed by complex measures on patients and health care staff.
Design: This prospective multicenter study included patients admitted to and discharged from geriatric wards at 3 university hospitals and 1 national medical center in Japan between October 2019 and July 2023.
Am J Ophthalmol
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Neuroscience
December 2024
Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, FL, USA. Electronic address:
The optimal stimulation frequency for inducing neuromodulatory effects remains unclear. The purpose of our study was to investigate the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) with different frequencies on cortical and spinal excitability. Thirteen able-bodied individuals participated in the experiment involving NMES: (i) low-frequency at 25 Hz, (ii) high-frequency at 100 Hz, and (iii) mixed-frequency at 25 and 100 Hz switched every one second.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComplement C5 inhibitor treatment with ravulizumab or eculizumab for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) improves outcomes and survival. Some patients remain anemic due to clinically significant extravascular hemolysis (cs-EVH: hemoglobin [Hgb] ≤9.5 g/dL and absolute reticulocyte count [ARC] ≥120×109/L).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFScience
December 2024
Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Decades of research on the infamous antinutritional steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs) in Solanaceae plants have provided deep insights into their metabolism and roles. However, engineering SGAs in heterologous hosts has remained a challenge. We discovered that a protein evolved from the machinery involved in building plant cell walls is the crucial link in the biosynthesis of SGAs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJCI Insight
December 2024
Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
With the aging of society, the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), a common cause of death, has been increasing. Transcription factor EB (TFEB), the master transcriptional regulator of the autophagy-lysosomal pathway, is regarded as a promising candidate for preventing various age-related diseases. However, whether TFEB in the proximal tubules plays a significant role in elderly CKD patients remains unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Oncol
December 2024
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan.
Purpose The prognosis for type 4 and large type 3 gastric cancer (GC) is extremely poor, especially in elderly patients (≥ 75 years). To improve the prognosis of these types of GC, we performed a phase I study to determine the recommended dose (RD) of S-1 combined with neoadjuvant radiotherapy. Methods Patients with clinically resectable type 4 and large type 3 GC were enrolled to successive cohorts in a conventional 3 + 3 design.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeart Vessels
December 2024
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo Ward, Chiba, Chiba, 260-0856, Japan.
This study aims to compare 1-year outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) between patients with moderate-severe MR and severe MR preoperatively using the Japan Transcatheter Valve Therapy (J-TVT) registry. Patients undergoing TAVR for aortic stenosis between August 2013 and December 2019 with preoperative mitral regurgitation of moderate-severe (group MR3) or severe (group MR4) were included. Patients with a history of valve surgery and dialysis patients were excluded.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Urol
December 2024
Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Objective: Clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of avelumab + axitinib in patients with advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, information is limited regarding the activity of avelumab + axitinib in patients with non-clear cell RCC (nccRCC). In Japan, post-marketing surveillance (PMS) of patients with RCC receiving avelumab + axitinib treatment in general clinical practice was undertaken.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBr J Nutr
December 2024
Graduate School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, 1-1 Asashirodai, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0496, Japan.
Although the energy stored in the lean tissue (LT) and adipose tissue (AT) is well known, the energy required to synthesize these tissues is obscure. Theoretically, the energy at the point at which ΔLT/Δ body weight (BW) reaches 100% on a regression line, which indicates the relationship between ΔLT/ΔBW and the energy required for BW gain, is considered to be the energy expended to synthesize LT. Therefore, we investigated this relationship in rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimation equations have not been extensively validated in the Indian population. Preliminary data showed that the widely used creatinine-based Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) 2009 significantly overestimated GFR in Indians. Newer estimated GFR (eGFR) equations based on creatinine and cystatin C, omitting the race, have been recently proposed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cardiol Cases
December 2024
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Unlabelled: New cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs), such as leadless pacemakers and subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillators (S-ICDs), are being used in patients with adult congenital heart disease. The selection of CIEDs often requires careful consideration due to technical challenges posed by a unique heart structure. A 27-year-old man following a surgical tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) repair developed non-sustained ventricular tachycardia, sick sinus syndrome, and complete atrioventricular block.
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