[A CASE OF SEVERE DRUG INDUCED ERUPTION AFTER APALUTAMIDE USE FOR METASTATIC HORMONE-SENSITIVE PROSTATE CANCER, WHICH WAS DETERIORATED FROM TEMPORARY REMISSION AFTER DRUG WITHDRAWAL].

A 70-years-old man with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer received the apalutamide, an oral androgen receptor signaling inhibitor. On day10 after drug initiation, fever and skin rash appeared on his whole-body surface. He stopped taking the drug on day18 and skin symptoms temporarily improved about 7 days after discontinuation.

[A CASE OF TESTICULAR TUMOR UNDER CONSIDERATION FOR PARTIAL ORCHIECTOMY THROUGH RAPID INTRAOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS].

A 35-year-old man visited a local doctor for continuing analysis of his infertility. Semen analysis revealed azoospermia while an ultrasonography detected a right testicular tumor with a diameter of 10 mm. A blood test was negative for tumor markers.

Does Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia Increase Nocturnal Blood Pressure?

By ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), nocturnal blood pressure (BP) may increase before heart rate (HR), but the details are unknown.Among 102 participants who underwent ABPM, > 90% on hypertension treatment, the averaged BP (HR) data were examined for the time at which the BP (HR) increased significantly above the mean midnight BP (HR) between 3:00 AM - 9:00 AM in all patients and in subgroups divided by clinical variables. Participants were also divided according to the respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) index, which is the ratio of the longest and shortest RR intervals obtained under normal breathing, and the effects of RSA on the nocturnal hemodynamics were examined.

Coronary Artery Calcification on Chest Computed Tomography as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Adverse Events in Patients With COVID-19 - A Multicenter Retrospective Study in Japan.

Background: Coronary artery calcification (CAC) detected through chest computed tomography (CT) strongly predicts cardiovascular events in asymptomatic individuals undergoing primary prevention. Few studies with limited sample sizes have investigated the predictive value of CAC for cardiovascular complications in COVID-19. This study examined the impact of CAC on cardiovascular complications using a large-scale COVID-19 database.

Associations between diet quality scores and cardiometabolic status in young Japanese women: A cross-sectional study.

Background And Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to examine associations between diet quality scores and adverse cardiometabolic status in young Japanese women.

Methods And Study Design: In total, 1084 female dietetics students aged 18-22 years completed a validated self-administered diet history questionnaire. Diet quality was assessed using the Diet Quality Score for Japanese (DQSJ), Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), Alternate Mediterranean Diet score (AMED), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension score (DASH), and Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top score (JFGST).

Global trends in the revision of nutrient reference values and formulations for infants and toddlers.

Background And Objectives: Nutrient Reference Values (NRVs) play an important role in nutrition labeling and nutrition and health claims based on scientific data. This study, with a global perspective, reviewed recent trends in NRVs for adults and their establishment for infants and toddlers.

Methods And Study Design: We searched for laws and regulations on official government websites for nutrition labeling in the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, China, South Korea, Japan, the Codex Committee, and the European Union.

A single-arm, phase II study of sotorasib plus carboplatin/pemetrexed in advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer patients with KRAS G12C mutation (WJOG14821L, SCARLET).

Background: The efficacy and safety of sotorasib plus platinum-doublet chemotherapy in KRAS G12C-mutated non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (non-Sq NSCLC) were previously reported with limited follow-up period.

Method: SCARLET was a single-arm phase II study of chemotherapy-naïve patients with KRAS G12C-mutated non-Sq NSCLC. Participants received sotorasib 960 mg daily plus four cycles of carboplatin (area under the curve, 5)/pemetrexed 500 mg/m, followed by sotorasib/pemetrexed until disease progression.

Low survival due to higher risk of relapse and non-relapse mortality after allogeneic HSCT in ATL compared with AML and ALL.

Background: Patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) are considered to have worse outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) than patients with other hematological malignancies, owing to high risk of relapse and immunocompromised status. However, no studies have compared transplant outcomes between patients with ATL and those with other hematological malignancies using a large-scale database.

Objectives: To compare transplant outcomes between patients with ATL and those with other leukemias and to identify factors contributing to worse transplant outcomes in ATL patients.

TDP-43 transports ferritin heavy chain mRNA to regulate oxidative stress in neuronal axons.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by the mislocalization and abnormal deposition of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43). This protein plays important roles in RNA metabolism and transport in motor neurons and glial cells. In addition, abnormal iron accumulation and oxidative stress are observed in the brain and spinal cord of patients with ALS exhibiting TDP-43 pathology and in animal models of ALS.

Incomplete human reference genomes can drive false sex biases and expose patient-identifying information in metagenomic data.

As next-generation sequencing technologies produce deeper genome coverages at lower costs, there is a critical need for reliable computational host DNA removal in metagenomic data. We find that insufficient host filtration using prior human genome references can introduce false sex biases and inadvertently permit flow-through of host-specific DNA during bioinformatic analyses, which could be exploited for individual identification. To address these issues, we introduce and benchmark three host filtration methods of varying throughput, with concomitant applications across low biomass samples such as skin and high microbial biomass datasets including fecal samples.

Novel bilayered zirconia systems using recycled 3Y-TZP for dental applications.

Objective: To synthesize bilayer zirconia systems based on commercial or recycled 3Y-TZP obtained from non-milled remnants and to compare their optical and mechanical properties before and after aging.

Methods: Bilayer zirconia samples were fabricated using either recycled 3Y-TZP (3Y-R/4Y and 3Y-R/5Y) or commercial powders (3Y/4Y and 3Y/5Y). Microstructure and phase composition were analyzed using ScanningElectronMicroscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD).

Exploring the availability and accessibility of menstrual friendly public toilets (MFPTs) in urban spaces: A global multi-city audit study.

Background: Public toilets enable populations, including those who menstruate, to move through public spaces. Menstrual Friendly Public Toilets (MFPT) are accessible, safe, and clean public toilets that provide those who menstruate the space and resources to navigate cities with dignity and comfort. However, there is little evidence on the status of MFPTs in urban centers.

Impact of Altered Graft Position During Living Donor Liver Retransplantation and its Outcomes.

Introduction: Liver retransplantation (reLT), which is the only treatment for liver graft failure, remains challenging not only because of its technical nature but also because it is performed in high-risk patients.

Methods: Nineteen patients who underwent reLT (second LT, n = 18; third LT, n = 1) between 1999 and 2021 were divided into two groups according to the graft laterality between prior transplantation and reLT (ipsilateral group, n = 9; contralateral group, n = 10). The aim of this study was to evaluate the short- and the long-term outcomes of patients who underwent living donor reLT and compared graft survival between ipsilateral and contralateral grafts.

β1 Integrin/FAK signaling regulates interleukin-8 production in human gingival epithelial Ca9-22 cells.

Objectives: Interleukin-8 (IL-8), a proinflammatory factor in human tissues, plays an important role in inflammation. Type IV collagen, a key component of the basement membrane, interacts with integrins, which are primary receptors in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Integrins are essential for the regulation of various cellular behaviors and signal transduction pathways.

Betagenin ameliorates diabetes by inducing insulin secretion and β-cell proliferation.

Recent success with the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor analogs and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors for the treatment of patients with diabetes has highlighted the role of the intestine as an endocrine organ. Gut-derived hormones, including GLP-1, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), and ghrelin, have important roles in the control of energy metabolism and food intake, and are associated with the metabolic syndrome. In this study, we isolated and identified a new intestine-derived hormone, betagenin, and showed that it stimulates insulin secretion and β-cell proliferation and suppresses β-cell apoptosis.

Differences in health care expenditure due to the comorbidity status of periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus.

Background: To investigate the differences in health care expenditure (HCE) due to the comorbidity status of periodontal disease (PD) and diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: This cohort study used health care claims and oral health screening data to identify participants with PD or DM and followed them for 1 year to assess their HCE. PD and DM were determined based on PD screening and medical claims data, respectively.

Magnetic resonance imaging safety in Asia-Oceania: call for action.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) safety is a critical concern in the Asia-Oceania region, as it is elsewhere in the world, due to the unique and complex MRI environment that demands attention. This call-for-action outlines ten critical steps to enhance MRI safety and promote a culture of responsibility and accountability in the Asia-Oceania region. Key focus areas include strengthening education and expertise, improving quality assurance, fostering collaboration, increasing public awareness, and establishing national safety boards.

Impact of time to treatment initiation on the development of cachexia and clinical outcomes in lung cancer.

Background: Pre-cancer onset of cachexia raises uncertainties regarding the optimal timing for early intervention in lung cancer patients. We aimed to examine changes in physical function, nutritional status, and cachexia incidence in patients with lung cancer from the initial visit to treatment initiation and determine the effect of these changes on lung cancer treatment.

Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study enrolled patients suspected of having advanced lung cancer who visited Kansai Medical University Hospital between January and February 2023 and were definitely diagnosed with the disease.

Aberrant alpha-smooth muscle actin expression in the lateral ventricle of knockout rats.

() is a causative gene for genetic hydrocephalus found in hemorrhagic hydrocephalus () mice. The knockout (KO) rat has subcortical heterotopia with frequent brain hemorrhage as seen in mice. In this study, we report aberrant alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression in the wall of lateral ventricle of the KO rats.

Cultural Differences in Visual Attention Emerge in Infancy.

East Asians are more likely than North Americans to attend to visual scenes holistically, focusing on the relations between objects and their background rather than isolating components. This cultural difference in context sensitivity-greater attentional allocation to the background of an image or scene-has been attributed to socialization, yet it is unknown how early in development it appears, and whether it is moderated by social information. We employed eye-tracking to investigate context-sensitivity in 15-month-olds in Japan (n = 45) and the United States (n = 52).

Lactococcus lactis subsp. Lactis boosts stress resistance and host defense mechanisms in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Aims: To investigate the effects of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis strains LL100933 and LL12007 on the host defense mechanisms of Caenorhabditis elegans against pathogenic infections and stressors.

Methods And Results: C.

The efficacy of open transanal drainage tube against anastomotic leakage in left-sided colorectal cancer surgery: a propensity score matching study.

Background/aim: The effectiveness of a transanal drainage tube (TAT) for the prevention of anastomotic leakage after double stapling technique (DST) anastomosis in colorectal cancer has been reported. Previously, TATs had been placed and connected to drainage bags. It was considered that a higher decompression effect could be expected by inserting an open-type TAT, without connection to a drainage bag.

Prognostic impact of psychoeducation program completion on inpatients with schizophrenia: a pilot cohort study.

Background: Psychoeducation programs can reduce the risk of recurrence and readmission in patients with schizophrenia. However, almost all previous studies of program efficacy have included only patients completing the program, which may not be possible in all cases. The objective of this pilot cohort study was to compare the prognoses of inpatients with schizophrenia who did or did not complete a well-established institutional psychoeducation program.

Association between salt intake and blood pressure among community-dwelling older adults based on their physical frailty status.

The effects of salt reduction and adequate nutrition intake among older adults with physical frailty remain controversial. Therefore, the present study investigated whether the association between daily salt intake and blood pressure among community-dwelling older adults, including the very old people, based on their physical frailty status. This cross-sectional study used data from the SONIC study, a cohort study on older adults, collected between 2010 and 2012.

Prognostic Analysis of Pathological Stage I Lung Adenocarcinoma Harboring Major EGFR Mutations.

Background: While Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has favorable outcomes with targeted therapy, early-stage prognosis remains influenced by pathological factors and central nervous system (CNS) recurrence. The study aimed to clarify prognostic factors in pathological stage (pStage) I EGFR mutation-positive LUAD.

Methods: Between 2015 and 2018, 2,191 pStage I LUAD cases with known EGFR status (excluding EGFR testing after recurrence) who received anatomical resection were included from multiple institutions in Japan.