Methylcobalamin-containing nanofiber sheets have better neuroprotective effects than small intestinal submucosa sheets.

Postoperative adhesion around nerves sometimes results in sensory and motor dysfunctions. To prevent these disorders, we have developed an electrospun nanofiber sheet incorporating methylcobalamin (MeCbl), an active form of vitamin B12 with anti-inflammatory and neuroregenerative effects. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of MeCbl sheets against postoperative adhesion and to compare the effects of MeCbl sheets with those of porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) sheets using a rat sciatic nerve adhesion model.

Hierarchical representations of relative numerical magnitudes in the human frontoparietal cortex.

The ability to estimate numerical magnitude is essential for decision-making and is thought to underlie arithmetic skills. In humans, neural populations in the frontoparietal regions are tuned to represent numerosity. However, it remains unclear whether their response properties are fixed to a specific numerosity (i.

Novel and potent MICA/B antibody is therapeutically effective in mutant lung cancer models.

Background: Concurrent (STK11, KL) mutant non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) do not respond well to current immune checkpoint blockade therapies, however targeting major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A or B (MICA/B), could pose an alternative therapeutic strategy through activation of natural killer (NK) cells.

Methods: Expression of NK cell activating ligands in NSCLC cell line and patient data were analyzed. Cell surface expression of MICA/B in NSCLC cell lines was determined through flow cytometry while ligand shedding in both patient blood and cell lines was determined through ELISA.

Excitation Spillover from PSII to PSI in Leaves at 77K.

Heterogeneous distribution of PSI and PSII in thick grana in shade chloroplasts is argued to hinder spillover of chlorophyll excitations from PSII to PSI. To examine this dogma, we measured fluorescence induction at 77K at 690 nm (PSII) and 760 nm (mostly PSI) in the leaf discs of Spinacia oleracea, Cucumis sativus and shade tolerant Alocasia odora, grown at high and low light, and quantified their spillover capacities. PSI fluorescence (FI) consists of the intrinsic PSI fluorescence (FIα) and fluorescence caused by excitations spilt over from PSII (FIβ).

Long-Term Survival of Primary Intracranial Histiocytic Sarcoma Through Surgical Resection and Low-Dose CCNU.

A 5 yr old chihuahua presented to our clinic with a complaint of decreased activity and focal seizures. Based on the findings of MRI and computed tomography, a primary brain tumor originating from the right frontal lobe region was suspected. Surgical resection was performed, and a diagnosis of histiocytic sarcoma was made via histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining.

Distinct and interdependent functions of three RING proteins regulate recombination during mammalian meiosis.

During meiosis, each pair of homologous chromosomes becomes connected by at least one crossover, as required for accurate segregation, and adjacent crossovers are widely separated thereby limiting total numbers. In coarsening models, this crossover patterning results from nascent recombination sites competing to accrue a limiting pro-crossover RING-domain protein (COR) that diffuses between synapsed chromosomes. Here, we delineate the localization dynamics of three mammalian CORs in the mouse and determine their interdependencies.

In vitro and in silico analyses of amino acid substitution effects at the conserved N-linked glycosylation site in hepatitis B virus surface protein on antigenicity, immunogenicity, HBV replication and secretion.

The "a" determinant, a highly conformational region within the hepatitis B virus large surface protein (LHBs), is crucial for antibody neutralization and diagnostic assays. Mutations in this area can lead to conformational changes, resulting in vaccination failure, diagnostic evasion, and disease progression. The "a" determinant of LHBs contains a conserved N-linked glycosylation site at N320, but the mechanisms of glycosylation in LHBs remain unclear.

Serum amyloid P (PTX2) attenuates hepatic fibrosis in mice by inhibiting the activation of fibrocytes and HSCs.

Background: Liver fibrosis is caused by chronic toxic or cholestatic liver injury. Fibrosis results from the recruitment of myeloid cells into the injured liver, the release of inflammatory and fibrogenic cytokines, and the activation of myofibroblasts, which secrete extracellular matrix, mostly collagen type I. Hepatic myofibroblasts originate from liver-resident mesenchymal cells, including HSCs and bone marrow-derived CD45+ collagen type I+ expressing fibrocytes.

Amyloid beta (Aβ) fibrillation kinetics and its impact on membrane polarity.

Fibrillation of the amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide has often been associated with neurodegenerative pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease. In this study we examined the influence of several potential compositions of the lipid membrane on Aβ fibrillation by using liposomes as a basic model membrane. Firstly, it was revealed that Aβ fibrillation kinetics were enhanced and had the potential to occur at a faster rate on more fluid membranes compared to solid membranes.

Prediction of Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Using an Interpretable Machine Learning Model and Electronic Medical Record Information.

Predicting cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (Cis-AKI) before its onset is important. We aimed to develop a predictive model for Cis-AKI using patient clinical information based on an interpretable machine learning algorithm. This single-center retrospective study included hospitalized patients aged ≥ 18 years who received the first course of cisplatin chemotherapy from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2020, at Nagoya City University Hospital.

Management of pediatric Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: Highlighting the efficacy and safety of endoscopic ischemic polypectomy.

Objectives: Patients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) require continuous medical management throughout their lives. However, few case series regarding the clinical course, polyp surveillance, and treatment, including endoscopic ischemic polypectomy (EIP) for pediatric patients with PJS, were reported. We analyzed the current status and clinical course of pediatric patients with PJS under the management of our institute, including those treated with EIP.

Annual report on National Clinical Database 2021 for gastroenterological surgery in Japan.

Aim: The Japanese National Clinical Database, which covers more than 95% of the surgeries performed in Japan, is the largest nationwide database. This is the 2021 annual report of the Gastroenterological Section of the National Clinical Database, which aims to present the short-term outcomes of cases registered in 2021 and discuss significant changes and insights into gastroenterological surgeries observed over the decade.

Methods: We reviewed the data of patients registered in the National Clinical Database between 2012 and 2021.

Short-term outcomes of robot-assisted versus conventional minimally invasive esophagectomy: A propensity score-matched study via a nationwide database.

Background: The advantages of robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RA-MIE) over conventional minimally invasive esophagectomy (C-MIE) are unknown. This nationwide large-scale study aimed to compare surgical outcomes between RA-MIE and C-MIE using rigorous propensity score methods, including detailed covariates and relevant outcomes.

Methods: This Japanese nationwide retrospective cohort study included RA-MIE or C-MIE for esophageal malignant tumors performed between October 2018 and December 2019 and registered in the Japanese National Clinical Database.

Comparison of short-term outcomes and perioperative costs in laparoscopic versus robotic surgery for rectal cancers: A real-world cohort study using Japanese nationwide inpatient database.

Aim: Many studies have revealed the benefits of robotic surgery for rectal cancer; however, real-world data are insufficient. This study aimed to compare the short-term outcomes and perioperative costs of laparoscopic and robotic surgery for rectal cancer using a real-world database.

Methods: The data of patients who underwent laparoscopic or robotic surgery for rectal cancer between January 2018 and January 2021 from a nationwide Japanese inpatient database provided by Medical Data Vision Co.

y-shaped side overlap esophagogastrostomy in proximal gastrectomy.

Several reconstruction methods are used in proximal gastrectomy. Esophagogastrostomy is the simplest and most physiological. The challenge in esophagogastrostomy is preventing reflux esophagitis.

Stacked-ring aromaticity from the viewpoint of the effective number of π-electrons.

In this study, we theoretically examined the mechanism of aromaticity induced in closely stacked cofacial π-dimers of 4π antiaromatic molecules, which is called stacked-ring aromaticity, in terms of the effective number of π-electrons ( ) and Baird's rule. High-precision quantum chemical calculations combined with a multi-configurational wavefunction analysis revealed that double-triplet [(TT)] and intermolecular charge-transfer (CT) electron configurations mix substantially in the ground state wavefunctions of cyclobutadiene and Ni(ii) norcorrole dimer models at small stacking distance (). Since the T configuration gives rise to two unpaired electrons, the remaining 4 - 2 π electrons still participate in the intramolecular conjugation, which can be interpreted as the origin of the aromaticity of each monomer.

Effects of the shortened dental arch on oral function in older adults: A prospective cohort study.

Statement Of The Problem: Previous longitudinal studies have found that patients with shortened dental arches (SDA) have a higher risk of long-term tooth loss than complete dental arch (CDA). However, the difference between SDA and CDA concerning oral function has yet to be demonstrated.

Purpose: We aimed to clarify the influence of molar occlusal support on oral function in SDA and CDA participants cross-sectionally and longitudinally.

Pdgfrα stromal cells, a key regulator for tissue homeostasis and dysfunction in distinct organs.

Pdgfrα stromal cells are a group of cells specifically expressing Pdgfrα, which may be mentioned with distinct names in different tissues. Importantly, the findings from numerous studies suggest that these cells share exactly similar biomarkers and properties, show complex functions in regulating the microenvironment, and are critical to tissue regeneration, repair, and degeneration. Comparing the similarities and differences between distinct tissue-resident Pdgfrα stromal cells is helpful for us to more comprehensively and deeply understand the behaviors of these cells and to explore some common regulating mechanisms and therapeutical targets.

Virtual triple-bundle ACL graft via femoral tunnels behind the resident's ridge on 3D CT demonstrates equivalent orientation to native ACL.

Purpose: To clarify the femoral tunnel location for a virtual anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft to simulate the native ACL.

Methods: Three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were obtained in 14 normal knees in full extension. Two types of virtual triple bundle ACL grafts (VACLG) were created.

Return to sports after unilateral medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy in highly active patients: Analysis of factors affecting functional recovery.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the outcomes following opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) focusing on return to sports in a consecutive series of highly active patients who underwent a unilateral osteotomy procedure.

Methods: Sixty-three consecutive patients with preoperative Tegner's activity score of five or more who underwent unilateral HTO for varus osteoarthritic knees were included in this study. The clinical results were evaluated using the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Score.

H and B Blood Antigens Are Essential for In Vitro Replication of GII.2 Human Norovirus.

Background: Human norovirus (HuNoV) is a major cause of enteric infectious gastroenteritis and is classified into several genotypes based on its capsid protein amino acid sequence and nucleotide sequence of the polymerase gene. Among these, GII.4 is the major genotype worldwide.

A Water-Soluble Small Molecule Boron Carrier Targeting Biotin Receptors for Neutron Capture Therapy.

A critical challenge in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is expanding its effectiveness through the development of novel boron agents with different mechanisms of action than the approved drug 4-borono-l-phenylalanine (BPA). In this study, we developed a small molecule boron carrier, biotinyl--dodecaborate conjugate with an iodophenyl moiety (BBC-IP), incorporating biotin as a ligand for biotin receptors overexpressed in various cancer cells, alongside an albumin ligand and boron source. BBC-IP exhibited high water solubility, minimal cytotoxicity, and superior cellular uptake compared to BPA in both human and mouse cancer cells.

Subcutaneous Hematoma Elevates Plasma Levels of FDP and D-Dimer; an Analysis by Animal Model Experiments.

Purpose: Trauma-associated coagulopathy has been considered to develop as a result of increased fibrinolysis due to massive bleeding, tissue damage and hypoperfusion. However, it has not been investigated whether hematoma may cause trauma-associated coagulopathy. Using experimental animal model, we analyzed the effects of hematoma formation on coagulation and fibrinolysis parameters.