Fused sphere carbon monoliths with honeycomb-like porosity from cellulose nanofibers for oil and water separation.

Carbon monoliths with a unique hierarchical surface structure from carbonized cellulose nanofibers were synthesized in pursuit of developing carbon materials from sustainable natural resources. Through a 2-step hydrothermal - carbonization method, TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers were turned into carbon-rich hydrochar embedded with polystyrene latex as template for 80 nm-sized pores in a honeycomb pattern, while the triblock copolymer Pluronic F-127 was used for a dual purpose not reported before: (1) an interface between the cellulose nanofibers and polystyrene particles, as well as (2) act as a secondary template as ∼1 μm micelles that form hollow carbon spheres. The use of nanofibers allowed more contact between the carbon spheres to coalesce into a working monolith while optimizing the pore structure.

Crystal structure of bis-[μ--(η-prop-2-en-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbo-thio-amide-κ :]bis-[(thio-cyanato-κ)copper(I)].

The title crystalline compound, [Cu(NCS)(CHN)], was obtained from the reaction of copper(I) thio-cyanate (CuSCN) with (-prop-2-en-1-yl)piperidine-1-carbo-thio-amide as a chelating and bridging thio-urea ligand in chloro-benzene. The CuS core of the dimeric mol-ecule is situated on a crystallographic inversion centre. The copper atom is coordinated by a thio-cyanate nitro-gen atom, each sulfur atom of the two thio-urea ligands, and the C=C double bond of the ligand in a distorted tetra-hedral geometry.

Kinetics of Bacterial Inactivation by Peroxynitric Acid in the Presence of Organic Contaminants.

Low-temperature atmospheric-pressure plasma has been studied for disinfection purposes. When plasma is exposed to water, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are generated and preserved in the water fraction (plasma-treated water [PTW]), which consequently exhibits bactericidal activity. At low temperatures, one of the bactericidal components of PTW is peroxynitric acid (PNA).

Protein adsorption on spark plasma sintered 2d-, 3d- and lamellar type mesoporous silicate compacts.

The preparation of lamellar type mesoporous silica (MPS) compact through the spark plasma sintering (SPS) and the adsorption/desorption of protein onto MPS compact are reported to be compared with those onto 2d-hexagonal and 3d-cubic type MPS compacts. A lamellar-type MPS powder (MPS-la) was prepared using triblock copolymer, PEOPPOPEO, and was compacted in a carbon die and heated at 500°C for 5 min under uniaxial pressure. The products are referred to as MPS-la-500.

Application of a calcined animal bone to synthesis of graphitic carbon nitride composite.

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) is a polymeric organic semiconductor that has been extensively developed for various applications. In this study, composites of g-CN and calcined animal bone (CAB) were facilely synthesized by calcining a mixture of urea and CAB at different temperatures. The results revealed that the calcination temperature influenced yield, crystallinity, and band gap of g-CN.

Health Beneficial Food Emulsifier Produced from Fishery Byproducts.

The bioavailability of DHA-bound phospholipids, especially the DHA-bound lysophospholipid (DHA-LPL) could be considered the most effective DHA chemical forms for DHA accretion in the brain. Such a DHA-LPL should also have very high emulsifying stability performance based on its analogy with conventional soy LPL. Therefore, in this study, we describe two fishery byproducts, rich in DHA-bound phospholipids, to derive DHA-LPL via sn-1 positional specific lipase partial hydrolysis of the phospholipids.

Crystal structure of 7,7'-[(pyridin-2-yl)methyl-ene]bis-(5-chloro-quinolin-8-ol).

In the title compound, CHClNO, one quinoline ring system is essentially planar and the other is slightly bent. An intra-molecular O-H⋯N hydrogen bond involving the hy-droxy group and a pyridine N atom forms an (5) ring motif. In the crystal, two mol-ecules are associated into an inversion dimer with two (7) ring motifs through inter-molecular O-H⋯N and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

Effects of UV Treatment on Ceria-Stabilized Zirconia/Alumina Nanocomposite (NANOZR).

Nanostructured zirconia/alumina composite (NANOZR) has been explored as a suitable material for fabricating implants for patients with metal allergy. In this study, we examined the effect of UV treatment on the NANOZR surface. The experimental group was UV-treated NANOZR and the control group was untreated NANOZR.

Excimer-origin CPL vs. monomer-origin magnetic CPL in photo-excited chiral binaphthyl-ester-pyrenes: critical role of ester direction.

Two chiral binaphthyl (BNp) derivatives bearing oppositely oriented ester linkers to two pyrene (Py) moieties [(R)/(S)-1 and (R)/(S)-2] enabled Py-origin circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), magnetic CPL (MCPL), and circular dichroism (CD). (R)-1 that exhibited (-)-sign CD showed (+)-sign Py-excimer CPL but did not exhibit MCPL. Conversely, (R)-2, with (-)-sign CD, did not show excimer-origin CPL, but exhibited clear Py-monomer MCPL.

Decontamination of Titanium Surface Using Different Methods: An In Vitro Study.

Contamination of implants is inevitable during different steps of production as well as during the clinical use. We devised a new implant cleaning strategy to restore the bioactivities on dental implant surfaces. We evaluated the efficiency of the Finevo cleaning system, and Ultraviolet and Plasma treatments to decontaminate hydrocarbon-contaminated titanium disks.

Chromosome Engineering To Generate Plasmid-Free Phenylalanine- and Tyrosine-Overproducing Strains That Can Be Applied in the Generation of Aromatic-Compound-Producing Bacteria.

Many phenylalanine- and tyrosine-producing strains have used plasmid-based overexpression of pathway genes. The resulting strains achieved high titers and yields of phenylalanine and tyrosine. Chromosomally engineered, plasmid-free producers have shown lower titers and yields than plasmid-based strains, but the former are advantageous in terms of cultivation cost and public health/environmental risk.

Kinetics Analysis of the Reactions between Peroxynitric Acid and Amino Acids.

Plasma disinfection using low-temperature atmospheric pressure plasma is widely studied in many applications, and the use of plasma-treated water (PTW) for disinfection is being developed by many researchers. Exposing plasma to water supplies and preserves reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) in the water, and this PTW exhibits bactericidal activity. In our previous study, it was revealed that peroxynitric acid (ONOOH, PNA) was the dominant bactericidal component in PTW.

High microbicidal effect of peroxynitric acid on biofilm-infected dentin in a root carious tooth model and verification of tissue safety.

Objectives: Root-caries, which frequently occurs in elderly people, is more difficult to treat than caries in a tooth crown, especially in filling restorations. To overcome this difficulty, it is essential to find a strategy for sufficiently sterilizing the infected dentin; however, techniques for sterilizing carious pathogens inside the biofilm, called dental plaque, have not yet been established. Recently, dental applications of plasma sterilization technology have attracted attention.

Inter- and intramolecular excimer circularly polarised luminescence of planar chiral paracyclophane-pyrene luminophores.

Two types of planar chiral [2,2]paracyclophane-pyrene luminophores (1 and 2) with different binding positions of the fluorescent pyrene units were synthesised. ()/()-1 with 1-pyrene units exhibited green intermolecular excimer circularly polarised luminescence (CPL) at 530 nm in the KBr-pellet, but exhibited no CPL signal in dilute CHCl solution. In contrast, ()/()-2 with 2-pyrene units exhibited a blue intramolecular excimer CPL at 450 nm in CHCl solution.

Light-Irradiated Electrochemical Direct Construction of CuO/CuO Bilayers by Switching Cathodic/Anodic Polarization in Copper(II)-Tartrate Complex Aqueous Solution.

p-CuO with a band gap energy of 1.5 eV, p-CuO with a band gap energy of 2.05 eV, and their bilayers were prepared by controlling the potential of anodic and cathodic polarization in a copper(II)-tartrate complex aqueous solution containing copper(II) sulfate hydrate and tartaric acid in the dark and under light irradiation.

Circularly polarised luminescence (CPL) control of oligopeptide-Eu(iii) hybridized luminophores by interaction with peptide side chains.

Chiral oligopeptide-naphthalene/Eu(iii) hybridized luminophores emit strong circularly polarised solution-state luminescence (CPL) from Eu(iii) at 592 and 614 nm (| | ≤ 2.1 × 10). Although the peptide ligands have matching absolute configurations, the CPL sign is controllable by varying the number of naphthalene units and peptide/Eu(iii) coordination ratio.

One-Shot Preparation of Polyacrylamide/Poly(sodium styrenesulfonate) Double-Network Hydrogels for Rapid Optical Tissue Clearing.

In this study, we propose a convenient method for the synthesis of double-network gels by the one-shot radical polymerization for their application to rapid optical tissue clearing. Double-network gels were produced during the radical polymerization of acrylamide (AAm) and sodium styrenesulfonate (SS) in the presence of ,'-methylenebisacrylamide and sodium divinylbenzenesulfonate as the cross-linkers by simultaneous addition, that is, one-shot polymerization accompanying the delay of polymerization for a second network monomer. We analyzed the polymerization process based on the consumption rates of each monomer during the reactions in the absence of the cross-linkers in order to estimate the repeating unit structure of the resulting polymers.

Helical Pore Alignment on Cylindrical Carbon.

Interest in chiral substances has mainly focused on the substances themselves, but not on the accompanying space, especially regarding the pore alignment. As a method to form both the chiral substance and the accompanying space, cylindrical self-assembly of uniform polystyrene nanoparticles with fructose is carried out in the presence of both carbon and sodium alginate, which is followed by heat treatment in an inert atmosphere. The carbonization generates fructose-derived honeycomb-like carbon walls with helically aligned nanopores left after the polystyrene decomposition.

Oxidation of isomaltose, gentiobiose, and melibiose by membrane-bound quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase from acetic acid bacteria.

Membrane-bound quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase from acetic acid bacteria produces lactobionic acid by the oxidation of lactose. Its enzymatic activity on lactose and maltose is much lower than that on D-glucose. For that reason, the activity of the enzyme on disaccharides has been considered low.

Circularly polarised luminescence from planar-chiral Phanephos/Tb(iii)(hfa) hybrid luminophores.

Planar-chiral Phanephos, containing the coordinatable P(iii), formed P(iii)/Tb(iii)(hfa) hybrid luminophores that successfully emitted characteristic circularly polarised luminescence (CPL) due to D→F transitions in solution. On the other hand, BINAP, containing P(iii)[double bond, length as m-dash]O as axially chiral ligand, exhibited no detectable CPL with Tb(iii)(hfa).

Reducing the undesirable odor of barley by cooking with superheated steam.

Superheated steam was used to cook barley and the volatile odor compounds and release of odorants from the steamed barley were analyzed. The main odor compounds in cooked barley were aldehydes (hexanal and (,)-2,4-decadienal) and acids (acetic acid and hexanoic acid). Compared to ordinary cooked barley, barley cooked by superheated steam had less odorants, and the release of odorants was reduced by almost half.

Crystal structure of -poly[[[bis-(3-oxo-1,3-di-phenyl-prop-1-enolato-κ ,')zinc(II)]-μ-tris-[4-(pyridin-3-yl)phen-yl]amine-κ :'] tetra-hydro-furan monosolvate].

The reaction of bis-(3-oxo-1,3-di-phenyl-prop-1-enolato-κ ,')zinc(II), [Zn(dbm)], with tris-[4-(pyridin-3-yl)phen-yl]amine (T3PyA) in tetra-hydro-furan (THF) afforded the title crystalline coordination polymer, {[Zn(CHO)(CHN)]·CHO} . The asymmetric unit contains two independent halves of Zn(dbm), one T3PyA and one THF. Each Zn atom is located on an inversion centre and adopts an elongated octa-hedral coordination geometry, ligated by four O atoms of two dbm ligands in equatorial positions and by two N atoms of pyridine moieties from two different bridging T3PyA ligands in axial positions.

Promoted performance of microbial fuel cells using Escherichia coli cells with multiple-knockout of central metabolism genes.

The effect of central metabolic activity of Escherichia coli cells acting as biocatalysts on the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) was studied with glucose used as the energy source. Milliliter-scale two-chambered MFCs were used with 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (HNQ) as an electron mediator. Among the single-gene deletions examined, frdA, pdhR, ldhA, and adhE increased the average power output of the constructed MFC.