2,388 results match your criteria: "Osaka National Hospital[Affiliation]"
Low CD86 expression is a predictive biomarker for clinical response to the therapeutic human papillomavirus vaccine IGMKK16E7: results of a post hoc analysis.
JNCI Cancer Spectr
November 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- A study explored the effectiveness of the oral human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine IGMKK16E7 in treating cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, showing promising results where some patients experienced a complete histological response.
- Researchers analyzed cervix-exfoliated cell samples from 42 patients to identify biomarkers that could predict the success of the vaccine, focusing on various gene expressions related to immune response.
- The key finding was that lower levels of the biomarker CD86 correlated with a higher likelihood of achieving a complete response to the vaccine, with CD86-low patients demonstrating a significantly increased response rate compared to those with higher CD86 levels.
Survival benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy based on molecular residual disease detection in resected colorectal liver metastases: subgroup analysis from CIRCULATE-Japan GALAXY.
Ann Oncol
November 2024
Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- * Among 190 patients evaluated, 32.1% tested positive for ctDNA post-surgery; adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) significantly improved disease-free survival (DFS) for MRD-positive patients, while it showed no advantage for MRD-negative patients.
- * Key findings indicate that the size of liver metastases correlates with DFS in MRD-positive patients, emphasizing the importance of MRD status in guiding treatment decisions post-surgery.
High serum growth differentiation factor 15 is a risk factor for the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with nucleos(t)ide analogs.
Hepatol Res
September 2024
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Aim: Patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remain at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) even with nucleos(t)ide analog therapy. We evaluated risk factors for HCC development, including serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) RNA, hepatitis B core-related antigen level, and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) level, a predictor of HCC development in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
Methods: We collected clinical data and stored serum from CHB patients without a history of HCC who were receiving nucleos(t)ide analog treatment for more than 1Â year and whose HBV DNA level was less than 3.
Targeted therapy guided by circulating tumor DNA analysis in advanced gastrointestinal tumors.
Nat Med
January 2025
Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- - Comprehensive genomic profiling using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has potential in capturing tumor diversity and improving therapy choices, but it's not fully utilized in clinical settings, especially for advanced solid tumors.
- - The GOZILA study found that ctDNA profiling led to a 24% match rate for targeted therapies, significantly improving patient outcomes, with those receiving matched treatments experiencing better overall survival rates compared to those who were unmatched.
- - Key ctDNA characteristics, like biomarker clonality and plasma copy number, serve as indicators of treatment effectiveness, suggesting that ctDNA can enhance precision in oncology and should be more widely used to optimize patient survival in advanced solid tumors.
ctDNA-based molecular residual disease and survival in resectable colorectal cancer.
Nat Med
November 2024
Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
The interim analysis of the CIRCULATE-Japan GALAXY observational study demonstrated the association of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)-based molecular residual disease (MRD) detection with recurrence risk and benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) in resectable colorectal cancer (CRC). This updated analysis with a 23-month median follow-up, including 2,240 patients with stage II-III colon cancer or stage IV CRC, reinforces the prognostic value of ctDNA positivity during the MRD window with significantly inferior disease-free survival (DFS; hazard ratio (HR): 11.99, P < 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLaparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal repair for a patient with Laugier's and inguinal hernia.
Surg Case Rep
September 2024
Department of Surgery, NHO Osaka National Hospital, 2-1-14 Hoenzaka, Chuo-Ku, Osaka, 540-0006, Japan.
Background: Laugier's hernia is a very rare atypical femoral hernia and is challenging to diagnose preoperatively. Herein, we report a rare case of inguinal and Laugier's hernias treated with laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal repair.
Case Presentation: A 63-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with right groin swelling for 4Â years.
Extensive ablation for elderly patients with persistent atrial fibrillation: insights from the EARNEST-PVI prospective randomized trial.
J Cardiol
September 2024
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- In a study analyzing treatments for persistent atrial fibrillation (AF), researchers compared extensive ablation techniques (including pulmonary vein isolation and additional methods) with just pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in young (<65 years) and elderly (≥65 years) patients.
- They found that while both methods were equally effective in younger patients, extensive ablation significantly reduced AF recurrence in elderly patients.
- The study concluded that extensive ablation is a more effective treatment for elderly patients with persistent AF, without any serious procedural complications reported.
Assessment of the safety and efficacy of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in very elderly patients: insight from the national prospective registry study.
Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes
September 2024
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5, Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- - This study focused on the safety and effectiveness of catheter ablation for treating atrial fibrillation (AF) in elderly patients, analyzing data from 170,017 procedures over four years.
- - Despite an increase in procedures for patients aged 80 and older, the overall complications rate was 2.8%, with higher risks as age increased, especially for those 85 and older.
- - Recurrence rates of AF after ablation were consistent across different age groups, indicating that with proper patient selection, AF ablation is a viable treatment option for older adults.
Reduced port laparoscopic rectopexy for full-thickness rectal prolapse.
BMC Surg
September 2024
Department of Surgery, NHO Osaka National Hospital, 2-1-14 Hoenzaka, Chuo-Ku, Osaka City, Osaka, 540-0006, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- Laparoscopic rectopexy is a common treatment for full-thickness rectal prolapse, and recent studies suggest that reduced port surgery (RPS) could offer less pain and better cosmetic results compared to traditional multiport surgery (MPS).
- In a study involving 37 patients, researchers compared the outcomes of RPS (27 cases) to MPS (10 cases) without finding any significant differences in operative time, blood loss, complications, or hospital stay.
- The study concludes that RPS may be a viable option for treating this condition, but further research through a controlled trial is needed to determine if it is superior to MPS.
Clinical outcomes of first-line combination therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitor for metastatic non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a multi-institutional retrospective study in Japan.
Int J Clin Oncol
December 2024
Departments of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- - Recent studies indicate that immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combination therapies may be effective for metastatic non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC), but there's a lack of comprehensive evidence regarding their efficacy and safety.
- - A study of 44 patients showed that ICI combinations achieved an overall response rate of 36.3%, with median progression-free survival (PFS) at 8.8 months and overall survival (OS) at 23.9 months, although liver metastasis negatively impacted survival rates.
- - The effectiveness of ICI combination therapy was similar for patients aged under 75 and those 75 and older, despite a higher rate of discontinuation due to side effects in the older group (45%
Clinical utility of BRCA and ATM mutation status in circulating tumour DNA for treatment selection in advanced pancreatic cancer.
Br J Cancer
October 2024
Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis to identify homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) and BRCA1/2 and ATM mutations in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer (APC).
- Out of 702 APC patients analyzed, 4.8% had BRCA1/2 mutations and 4.4% had ATM mutations, with those having BRCA mutations showing significantly better response rates to platinum-based chemotherapy compared to those without.
- ctDNA profiling is suggested as a valuable, non-invasive method for assessing mutation status and selecting appropriate treatments in advanced pancreatic cancer, offering a practical approach to HRD screening.
Real-world outcomes of FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: the JSCCR-TRIPON study.
Int J Clin Oncol
December 2024
Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Kurashiki Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Miwa, Kurashiki City, Okayama, 710-0052, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab is a first-line chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer, but is rarely used due to severe side effects, with limited real-world efficacy and safety data available.
- A study analyzed clinical data from 104 patients, finding that 63% required dose reductions and that treatment discontinuation was primarily due to toxicities, with 45% completing the planned therapy cycles.
- Results showed promising outcomes with a median progression-free survival of 12.8 months and overall survival of 27.9 months, along with a high disease control rate of 98.9%, and no treatment-related deaths reported.
[A Study on the Significance of NST Early Intervention for Cancer Patients].
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho
July 2024
Division of Nutrition Management, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital.
Article Synopsis
- * Out of 281 patients, 75 were included, comparing those who received NST within 7 days of admission (Group A) to those who started later (Group B).
- * Results showed that Group A had better nutritional sufficiency and higher improvement rates, suggesting that early NST intervention enhances patient outcomes.
Biallelic structural variants in three patients with ERCC8-related Cockayne syndrome and a potential pitfall of copy number variation analysis.
Sci Rep
August 2024
Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- - Cockayne syndrome (CS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the ERCC8 or ERCC6 genes, with most variants in ERCC8 consisting of single nucleotide changes; however, structural variants (SVs) are also noted but are difficult to detect.
- - A study detailed three Japanese patients with ERCC8-related CS, uncovering pathogenic SVs through advanced whole-exome-based copy number variation (CNV) detection methods, revealing one patient had a unique deletion along with a common exon 4 deletion found in the other patients.
- - The research highlighted the limitations of various CNV detection tools, finding that a significant percentage of affected exons were detectable by only one tool, suggesting that combining multiple detection
NRAS-driven atypical melanocytic tumor with blue nevus-like morphology: A case report.
J Cutan Pathol
December 2024
Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Sunto, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- - NRAS Q61 mutations are common in melanocytic nevi and were found in a unique case of a 71-year-old Japanese man with a melanocytic tumor that had characteristics similar to a blue nevus.
- - Histopathological analysis showed dense spindle-shaped melanocytes, with additional features like hyperpigmentation and mild nuclear atypia; targeted RNA sequencing confirmed two mutations (NRAS c.182A>G and FGFR2 c.-157A>G) without other significant alterations.
- - Despite presenting similar morphology to a compound-type blue nevus ("Kamino nevus"), the tumor genetically aligns more closely with conventional melanocytic nevi driven by NRAS mutations, lacking the coexistence of ID
Assessment of Follow-Up for Pulmonary Nodules from Radiology Reports with Natural Language Processing.
Stud Health Technol Inform
August 2024
Department of Medical Informatics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
Radiology reports are an essential communication method for ensuring smooth workflow in healthcare. However, many of these reports are described in free text, and findings documented by radiologists may not be adequately addressed. In this study, focusing on pulmonary nodules, we evaluated whether cases in which radiologists described follow-up as recommended were receiving appropriate treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe impact of time to postoperative recurrence on the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer post recurrence: exploratory analysis of OGSG 1003.
Esophagus
October 2024
Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Background: The association between recurrence timing and prognosis in patients with locally advanced resectable esophageal cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by esophagectomy remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify this association using multicenter prospective clinical trial data.
Methods: Among 162 patients enrolled in a NAC phase II study comparing the efficacy of cisplatin and fluorouracil plus docetaxel with cisplatin and fluorouracil plus adriamycin, 64 patients with recurrence after R0 resection were included in this study.
A phase 3 study (PATHWAY) of palbociclib plus tamoxifen in patients with HR-positive/HER2-negative advanced breast cancer.
NPJ Breast Cancer
August 2024
Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- Palbociclib combined with tamoxifen was tested in a phase 3 study involving 184 women with HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer to evaluate its efficacy and safety compared to tamoxifen alone.
- The results showed a significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS), with a median of 24.4 months for the palbociclib-tamoxifen group versus 11.1 months for the placebo-tamoxifen group.
- While overall survival (OS) data is still being gathered, there is a trend suggesting palbociclib-tamoxifen may also reduce mortality risk, though neutropenia was a common severe side effect.
The impact of renal function on initial therapy in transplant-ineligible multiple myeloma patients.
Ann Hematol
December 2024
Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan.
The prognosis for multiple myeloma (MM) patients has improved with the advent of new drugs, but the prognosis with renal impairment (RI) is poor. The choice of treatment in such cases is critical, but there are no set criteria. We examined the impact of RI on initial therapy in transplant-ineligible MM patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTreatment Outcomes in Patients with Unruptured Anterior Choroidal Artery Aneurysms: A Single-Center Experience.
J Neuroendovasc Ther
July 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan.
Objective: Treatment of anterior choroidal artery (AChA) aneurysms is frequently associated with ischemic complications. This study aimed to report the outcomes of treatment of unruptured AChA aneurysms in our hospital.
Methods: Between January 2015 and March 2022, 40 patients were treated for an unruptured AChA aneurysm in our hospital.
Postoperative venous thromboembolism after surgery for locally recurrent rectal cancer.
BMC Cancer
August 2024
Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita City, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
Background: Local recurrence is common after curative resections of rectal cancer. Surgical resection is considered a primary curative treatment option for patients with locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC). LRRC often requires a combined resection of other organs, especially in the case of posterior recurrence, which requires a combined resection of the sacrum, making the surgery highly invasive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNovel ERBB2 Variant Potentially Associated with Resistance against Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody-Based Therapy in ERBB2-Amplified Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.
Clin Cancer Res
September 2024
Translational Research Support Office, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.
Purpose: HER2-targeted therapies in ERBB2-amplified metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) are effective; however, a notable portion of patients do not respond to treatment, and secondary resistance occurs in most patients receiving these treatments. The purpose of this study was to investigate determinants of treatment efficacy and resistance in patients with ERBB2-amplified mCRC who received HER2-targeted therapy by analyzing multiomics data.
Experimental Design: We investigated genomic data from a nationwide large cancer genomic screening project, the SCRUM-Japan project.
ASO Author Reflections: Prognostic Impact of Postoperative Oral Nutritional Supplements in Gastric Cancer.
Ann Surg Oncol
November 2024
Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Basilar artery occlusion management: An international survey of gender influence on management.
Interv Neuroradiol
August 2024
Department of Stroke Medicine, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK.
Background: The superiority of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) over medical management was not established in two early basilar artery occlusion (BAO) randomized controlled trials. Despite this, many clinicians recommended EVT for acute BAO under certain circumstances. This paper aims to compare physicians' diagnostic and management strategies of BAO according to gender.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The All Nippon Atrial Fibrillation In the Elderly Registry studied over 30,000 elderly Japanese patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation, focusing on outcomes based on age and type of oral anticoagulants (OACs).
- Results showed that the incidence of stroke, major bleeding, and intracranial hemorrhage increased significantly with age, but plateaued for those aged 90 and over.
- Direct OACs (DOACs) generally resulted in lower event rates compared to warfarin, particularly in patients aged 75-85 years, but had limited effectiveness in reducing major bleeding for patients aged 90 and older, suggesting very-low-dose DOACs might be beneficial for this older