Can Cadaver Testing Replicate In Vivo Kinematics of Total Knee Arthroplasty?

Introduction: Whether the kinematics of cadaveric knees recreate those of the patient's knees after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains unknown. This study compared in vivo and in vitro fluoroscopic kinematics of knees after TKA during knee bending using the same implant design.

Methods: Patients who had undergone cruciate-retaining and cruciate-substituting total knee arthroplasty (CR-TKA and CS-TKA) did squatting motions.

Prospective single-arm multicenter interventional study of surgical resection for liver metastasis from gastric cancer; 3-year overall and recurrence-free survival.

Objective: Potential benefit of surgical resection for liver metastasis from gastric cancer (LMGC) remains controversial because most previous studies were retrospective. We evaluated the outcomes of surgical resection following chemotherapy for LMGC in a prospective single-arm multicenter interventional study.

Methods: Patients with synchronous or metachronous LMGC received 2-4 cycles of standard chemotherapy and proceeded to surgical resection if restaging showed a non-progressive disease with a chance of R0 resection.

Serum NY-ESO-1 antibody as a predictive biomarker for postoperative recurrence of gastric cancer: a multicenter prospective observational study.

Background: No reliable marker has been identified to predict postoperative recurrence of gastric cancer. We designed a clinical trial to investigate the utility of serum NY-ESO-1 antibody responses as a predictive marker for postoperative recurrence in gastric cancer.

Methods: A multicenter prospective study was conducted between 2012 and 2021.

Determinants of Neonatal Mortality in Bhutan: A Case-Control Study.

More than half of Bhutan's under-five mortality is attributed to neonatal deaths. Despite this, there is a lack of local evidence on determinants of neonatal mortality. It is critical to generate new evidence to accelerate interventions to achieve sufficient reduction of neonatal mortality rate in line to sustainable development goal target 3.

Childhood-onset epilepsy in patients with dyskinetic cerebral palsy caused by basal ganglia and thalamic lesions.

Objective: To elucidate the incidence and outcomes of childhood-onset epilepsy and associated factors in term-born patients with basal ganglia and thalamic lesion (BGTL)-induced dyskinetic cerebral palsy (DCP) caused by perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).

Methods: We studied 104 term-born patients with BGTL-induced DCP (63 males and 41 females, aged 2-22 years) to investigate the incidence of epilepsy and the factors related to its development. We used multivariate analysis to assess perinatal factors, gross motor function, and the extent of brain lesions.

A Case of Radiation-Associated Vertebral Compression Fracture Mimicking Solitary Bone Metastasis of Lung Cancer.

Radiation therapy plays an important role in the treatment of lung cancer. Although adverse effects of radiation are well known, they are sometimes difficult to be diagnosed. We report a case of a radiation-associated vertebral compression fracture which mimicked bone metastasis of lung cancer.

Elevation of serum lactate dehydrogenase during methylprednisolone pulse therapy as a predictor of high mortality in acute respiratory failure: A single-center, retrospective study.

Background: Corticosteroids are common treatments in certain diseases that cause acute respiratory failure (ARF) and are sometimes administered empirically for patients with critical ARF. Associations between changes in clinical parameters following initiation of steroid pulse therapy and mortality in patients with ARF have not been previously investigated.

Methods: This was a single-center and retrospective cohort study.

Pathogenic Roles of Cardiac Fibroblasts in Pediatric Dilated Cardiomyopathy.

Background Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major cause of heart failure in children. Despite intensive genetic analyses, pathogenic gene variants have not been identified in most patients with DCM, which suggests that cardiomyocytes are not solely responsible for DCM. Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) are the most abundant cell type in the heart.

Outcomes of surgical resection for pulmonary metastasis from pancreatic cancer.

Purpose: As the number of long-term survivors of pancreatic cancer is expected to increase thanks to recent advances in multidisciplinary treatment and earlier diagnoses of pancreatic cancer, we are likely to encounter more cases of postoperative pulmonary nodules. We analyzed the clinical course and prognosis of resection of pulmonary metastases from pancreatic cancer to clarify the prognostic implication of pulmonary metastasectomy for pancreatic cancer.

Method: We retrospectively analyzed 35 patients who underwent resection of lung metastases after pancreatic cancer surgery.

Outcome of laser photocoagulation in monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy complicated by Type-II selective fetal growth restriction.

Objectives: To evaluate the outcome of monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twins complicated by Type-II selective fetal growth restriction (sFGR) who underwent fetoscopic laser photocoagulation and to validate a previously proposed subclassification system for Type-II sFGR in a large multicenter cohort.

Methods: This retrospective multicenter cohort study included all MCDA twins complicated by Type-II sFGR who underwent laser photocoagulation of placental anastomoses at four large tertiary fetal-care centers between 2006 and 2020. Cases were subclassified according to a recently proposed system based on Doppler evaluation of the ductus venosus (DV) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) into Type-IIA (normal DV flow and MCA peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the growth-restricted fetus) or Type-IIB (absent or reversed flow in the DV during atrial contraction and/or MCA-PSV ≥ 1.

Systemic Opioids for Dyspnea in Cancer Patients: A Real-world Observational Study.

Context: Although Systemic opioids are recommended as a pharmacological treatment for cancer-related dyspnea, their effectiveness and safety needs to be investigated in a real-world context OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of systemic regular opioids for dyspnea in cancer patients, in the real-world palliative care practice.

Methods: This was a multicenter prospective observational study. We consecutively enrolled adult cancer patients starting regular opioids (morphine, oxycodone, hydromorphone, or fentanyl) for dyspnea from 12 palliative care services across Japan.

A case report of paroxysmal complete atrioventricular block in a patient with dextrocardia and repaired tetralogy of Fallot.

Background: Some adults suffer sudden cardiac death after previous surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), and in such cases, ventricular tachycardia is believed to be the most frequent cause of death. However, we report a case of cardiac arrest due to paroxysmal complete atrioventricular block in an adult with dextrocardia and repaired TOF.

Case Summary: A 49-year-old woman with dextrocardia and a history of surgical treatment for TOF lost consciousness three times.

Intensive endoscopic resection for downstaging of polyp burden in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (J-FAPP Study III): a multicenter prospective interventional study.

Background: Total colectomy is the standard treatment for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Recently, an increasing number of young patients with FAP have requested the postponement of surgery or have refused to undergo surgery. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of intensive endoscopic removal for downstaging of polyp burden (IDP) in FAP.

SARS-CoV-2 suppression and early closure of bars and restaurants: a longitudinal natural experiment.

Despite severe economic damage, full-service restaurants and bars have been closed in hopes of suppressing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 worldwide. This paper explores whether the early closure of restaurants and bars in February 2021 reduced symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 in Japan. Using a large-scale nationally representative longitudinal survey, we found that the early closure of restaurants and bars decreased the utilization rate among young persons (OR 0.

Effects of perioperative eicosapentaenoic acid-enriched oral nutritional supplement on the long-term oncological outcomes after total gastrectomy for gastric cancer.

Basic and clinical reports have suggested that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) exhibits anti-tumor activity. The present study evaluated whether perioperative EPA could improve the survival of patients with localized gastric cancer as a key secondary endpoint of a randomized clinical study. The present study was designed as multicenter, open-label, superiority, randomized trial to confirm the preventive effect of EPA on body weight loss after total gastrectomy for gastric cancer.

Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma after sustained virologic response in hepatitis C virus patients without advanced liver fibrosis.

Aim: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after sustained virologic response (SVR) has been observed even in hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients without advanced liver fibrosis. Identifying predictors for HCC incidence in patients without advanced liver fibrosis will enable efficient post-SVR HCC surveillance. This study aimed to develop a scoring system to predict the incidence of HCC after SVR in HCV patients without advanced liver fibrosis.

Prediction Model for Intrahepatic Distant Recurrence After Radiofrequency Ablation for Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma 2 cm or Smaller.

Background: Intrahepatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high recurrence rate after radiofrequency ablation (RFA). However, to date, no standalone predictive factors for intrahepatic distant recurrence after curative ablation have been reported.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate predictive factors for intrahepatic distant recurrence after curative treatment with RFA for HCCs.

Coexistence of Renin-independent Aldosterone Secretion and Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 Within a Family.

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a state of renin-independent aldosterone secretion that can range from subclinical to overt. Some normotensive individuals for whom PA screening is not routinely recommended are reported to fulfill the loading test criterion used for the diagnosis of PA. Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the development of various endocrine tumors.

Bailout Solution for Hemostasis from Distal Anastomotic Site during Total Aortic Arch Repair.

Intraoperative bleeding from the distal anastomotic site during graft replacement of the arch to distal arch via median sternotomy to treat an aortic aneurysm is sometimes difficult to control because of the limited distal view. I herein report a case in which I addressed this uncontrollable bleeding using a commercialized frozen elephant trunk.

Long-term survival of patients with T1bN0M0 esophageal cancer after thoracoscopic esophagectomy using data from JCOG0502: a prospective multicenter trial.

Background: Thoracoscopic esophagectomy (TE) is considered the standard surgery for esophageal cancer because of its superiority over open esophagectomy (OE) in terms of short-term outcomes. However, few prospective multicenter studies have evaluated its long-term survival after TE. This study aimed to investigate whether the prognosis for patients with T1bN0M0 esophageal cancer after TE is not inferior to OE using data from the Japan Clinical Oncology Group Study (JCOG0502), a prospective multicenter trial comparing esophagectomy with chemoradiotherapy.