The bioimpedance phase angle is more useful than sarcopenia as a predictor of falls in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Results from a 2-y prospective cohort study.

Objectives: The phase angle (PhA) is an index derived by bioelectrical impedance analysis that reflects the fragility of cell membranes, muscle mass, muscle strength, and nutritional status, and a decrease in PhA might be associated with falls. This study aimed to investigate the relationships of the PhA with sarcopenia and falls in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: Data from a prospective cohort study of 189 patients with RA (age 66.

Daily physical activity measured by a wearable activity monitoring device in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Introduction: Activities of daily living in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been evaluated by patient-reported outcomes. However, it has been difficult to measure activity intensity quantitively. Calories expended, exercise, and steps were measured quantitively by a wearable activity meter, and their associations with patients' background characteristics were examined.

The number of leisure-time activities and risk of functional disability among Japanese older population: the JAGES cohort.

Evidence-based prevention of functional disability is a pressing issue for the health among the older population, due to the rapidly global aging. This study aimed to examine the association between leisure-time activities and the risk of functional disability. In a longitudinal prospective cohort study, we recruited 50,286 Japanese men and women aged  65 years who did not have functional disability at the baseline in 2010-2011, with a median follow-up of 5.

Osteosarcopenia synergistically increases the risk of falls in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Objectives: Osteosarcopenia is defined as osteoporosis with sarcopenia. The impacts of osteosarcopenia on falls and fractures in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients were investigated using 4 years of data from a longitudinal study (CHIKARA study).

Methods: The patients were divided into 4 groups by their baseline status: no sarcopenia and no osteoporosis (SP-OP-); only sarcopenia (SP + OP-); only osteoporosis (SP-OP+); and both sarcopenia and osteoporosis (SP + OP+).

Association of accelerometer-measured physical activity with kidney function in a Japanese population: the DOSANCO Health Study.

Background: Sedentary behavior and decreased physical activity are associated with reduced kidney function, yet most evidence is based on self-reported physical activity. This study investigated the association between accelerometer-based physical activity level and kidney function in a general Japanese population.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 440 community-dwelling Japanese participants, aged 35-79 years.

Leisure activities and instrumental activities of daily living: A 3-year cohort study from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study.

Aim: We prospectively examined the association between leisure activities and changes in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) among participants of the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES).

Methods: We analyzed data collected from 49 732 JAGES participants (23 359 men and 26 373 women), aged ≥65 years, from 24 municipalities in Japan.

Measurements: Baseline data were obtained for 25 types of leisure activities in which the cohort members participated.

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Diabetes in a Japanese Population: The DOSANCO Health Study.

Background: Both decreased insulin sensitivity and impaired insulin secretion are common in Asian populations with diabetes, in contrast to Western populations. There is limited evidence regarding the association between insulin response in diabetes in Asian populations and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) insufficiency.

Methods: The present cross-sectional study compared the prevalence of diabetes, defined as a fasting plasma glucose level ≥126 mg/dL and/or a HbA1c level ≥6.

Eating Perception, Nutrition Knowledge and Body Image among Para-Athletes: Practical Challenges in Nutritional Support.

Limited information exists on dietary practices in para-athletes. The aim of this study was to clarify the actual situation of para-athletes' dietary practice and to sort out the factors (i.e.

Comparison of dimension reduction methods on fatty acids food source study.

Serum fatty acids (FAs) exist in the four lipid fractions of triglycerides (TGs), phospholipids (PLs), cholesteryl esters (CEs) and free fatty acids (FFAs). Total fatty acids (TFAs) indicate the sum of FAs in them. In this study, four statistical analysis methods, which are independent component analysis (ICA), factor analysis, common principal component analysis (CPCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), were conducted to uncover food sources of FAs among the four lipid fractions (CE, FFA, and TG + PL).

Association between frequency of snacking and all-cause mortality among community-dwelling young-old adults: An age-specific prospective cohort study.

Aim: We aimed to clarify whether snacking habits decrease the risk of all-cause mortality in an older Japanese population.

Methods: The study participants were 64- or 65-year-old community-dwelling residents recruited each survey year from 1996 through 2005. Data on the frequency of snacking and other lifestyle factors were obtained during the baseline survey using self-administered questionnaires, and the participants were followed up annually until the end of 2017.

Lower human defensin 5 in elderly people compared to middle-aged is associated with differences in the intestinal microbiota composition: the DOSANCO Health Study.

Recently, aging is considered a risk factor for various diseases. Although changes in the intestinal microbiota along with aging are thought to associate with the increased disease risk, mechanisms that cause age-related transition of the intestinal microbiota remain unknown. This study aims to clarify relationships between the amount of human defensin 5 (HD5), a Paneth cell α-defensin, which is known to regulate the intestinal microbiota, and age-related differences of the intestinal microbiota composition.

Double-blinded randomized controlled trial to reveal the effects of Brazilian propolis intake on rheumatoid arthritis disease activity index; BeeDAI.

Background And Aims: Brazilian propolis reportedly contributed to suppressing disease activity in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), suggesting new treatment options using Brazilian propolis. However, only results from animal experiments have been available, and the suppressive effects of Brazilian propolis on disease activity in humans with RA remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to clinically validate how Brazilian propolis intake changes disease activity in RA patients.

Change in dietary inflammatory index score is associated with control of long-term rheumatoid arthritis disease activity in a Japanese cohort: the TOMORROW study.

Background: The dietary inflammatory index (DII®), a quantitative measure of the inflammatory potential of daily food and nutrient intake, and associations between a variety of health outcomes have been reported. However, the association between DII score and disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is unclear. Therefore, this study was designed to test whether higher DII score contributes to disease activity and as a corollary, whether reducing DII score helps to achieve or maintain low disease activity or remission in patients with RA.

Food group intakes and all-cause mortality among a young older Japanese population of the same age: the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation Project.

Evaluating the effects of dietary intake on mortality in older populations has become increasingly important in modern aging societies. The objective of the present study was to investigate the associations between food group intakes and all-cause mortality among a young older population. We conducted a prospective study on 1,324 men and 1,338 women aged 64-65 years at baseline who were living in a suburban city from 1996 to 2005.

Household income and the risk of incident hypertension in employees at multiple workplaces in Japan: J-HOPE.

This cohort study aimed to investigate the association between household income and incident hypertension in a Japanese employed population. During 2012, a total of 4314 normotensive daytime employees (3153 men and 1161 women) were included in this study. Participants had a wide range of occupations and were employed at one of 12 workplaces from various economic sectors in Japan.

Are Japanese Women Less Physically Active Than Men? Findings From the DOSANCO Health Study.

Background: Previous research has established that women accumulate less moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) than men. To date, however, little is known about the gender differences in device-based activity patterns of sedentary behavior (SB) and light-intensity physical activity (LPA). We aimed to compare time spent in SB and different intensities of physical activity taking into account of co-dependence of time use domains.

Social participation patterns and the incidence of functional disability: The Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study.

Aim: To examine whether patterns of social participation vary in their associations with functional disability.

Methods: Data from 44 978 participants (22 750 men and 22 228 women) who participated in the 2010 Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study were analyzed; a study of those aged ≥65 years from 23 municipalities in eight prefectures. Social participation information was obtained at baseline with an eight-item questionnaire.

Inverse correlation between serum high-molecular-weight adiponectin and proinsulin level in a Japanese population: The Dynamics of Lifestyle and Neighborhood Community on Health Study.

Serum high-molecular-weight adiponectin (HMWA) has a positive correlation with insulin secretion in the Japanese population. To validate this correlation, we investigated the correlation between serum HMWA and proinsulin, a marker of β-cell dysfunction, in this population. A total of 488 participants (53.

The relationship between existing nutritional indicators and Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria: A one-institution cross-sectional analysis.

Background & Aims: In 2018, the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) presented the criteria for malnutrition diagnosis; reports about the proportion of malnutrition patients meeting these GLIM criteria in acute care hospitals, however, remain very limited. The relationship between GLIM criteria and existing nutritional indicators, patterns for hospitalization, and malnutrition severity is also unclear. This study aims to investigate this relationship.

Correlation between serum proinsulin levels and fatty liver: The Dynamics of Lifestyle and Neighborhood Community on Health Study.

Aims/introduction: We explored the association between fatty liver and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in a general population.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study included 489 (53.8% women) community-dwelling Japanese adults.

Daily sleep duration and the risk of incident disability among younger elderly Japanese adults in the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation Project: A prospective study using competing event analysis.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the association between daily sleep duration and incident disability among younger elderly individuals in Japan.

Methods: We carried out a prospective cohort study, the New Integrated Suburban Seniority Investigation Project, including 1895 (962 men and 933 women) Japanese physically and socially independent individuals aged ≥65 years. Information on daily sleep duration, demographic, lifestyle characteristics and medical status were collected by questionnaire and health checkup every year from 1996 through 2005.

Hypozincemia is associated with human hepatocarcinogenesis in hepatitis C virus-related liver cirrhosis.

Aim: Hypozincemia is associated with the progression of chronic liver diseases, but it is unknown whether hypozincemia promotes human hepatocarcinogenesis. Our aim is to evaluate the serum zinc levels in liver cirrhosis (LC) patients and clarify the relationship between the serum zinc levels and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: Cirrhotic patients without HCC (n = 299) were enrolled from 14 medical institutes in Japan as a multicenter prospective study (No.

Proinsulin is sensitive to reflect glucose intolerance.

Aims/introduction: We investigated associations between glucose tolerance and β-cell function using a series of estimation methods in a population-based study.

Materials And Methods: Data from the Dynamics of Lifestyle and Neighborhood Community on Health Study were analyzed. A total of 489 participants (263 women) were divided into three groups: normal glucose tolerance (NGT), prediabetes (PDM) and diabetes group.

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and poor sleep quality in a Japanese population: the DOSANCO Health Study.

Objective: The present cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels and the presence of poor sleep quality in a community-based Japanese adult population.

Methods: Poor sleep quality, defined as poor subjective sleep quality and/or use of sleep medications, was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was compared among 512 Japanese participants aged 35-79 years, based on serum 25(OH)D levels, which were determined using tandem mass spectrometry.