Correction of leg-length discrepancy among meat cutters with low back pain: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The etiology of non-specific low back pain (LBP) is complex and not well understood. LBP is common and causes a remarkable health burden worldwide. Leg-length discrepancy (LLD) is potentially a risk factor for development of LBP, although this relationship has been questioned.

Pure intervention effect or effect in routine health care - blinded or non-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Background: Randomized trials provide the most valid evidence of effectiveness of interventions. The study aims to determine the primary study question for randomized controlled trials; to evaluate the study questions in trials on effectiveness of arthroscopic meniscectomy for meniscal rupture of the knee; and to explore the clinical and research implications.

Methods: Previous studies on benchmarking controlled trials were utilized.

Treatment after traumatic shoulder dislocation: a systematic review with a network meta-analysis.

Objective: To review and compare treatments (1) after primary traumatic shoulder dislocation aimed at minimising the risk of chronic shoulder instability and (2) for chronic post-traumatic shoulder instability.

Design: Intervention systematic review with random effects network meta-analysis and direct comparison meta-analyses.

Data Sources: Electronic databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane Clinical Trials Register, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, Ovid MEDLINE Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid MEDLINE Daily, DARE, HTA, NHSEED, Web of Science) and reference lists were searched from inception to 15 January 2018.

Validity and generalizability of findings of randomized controlled trials on arthroscopic partial meniscectomy of the knee.

The validity and generalizability of evidence from trials on arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM) for a ruptured meniscus of the knee has been debated in scientific journals. The aim of this paper was to assess the validity and generalizability of evidence for trials on effectiveness of APM by a novel Benchmarking method; to compare this assessment with established assessment methods; and to make an overall assessment of the current evidence on validity and generalizability of findings. Literature search was undertaken to find all randomized controlled trials.

Reliability of Measuring Lower-Limb-Muscle Electromyography Activity Ratio in Activities of Daily Living With Electrodes Embedded in the Clothing.

Context: Using technical clothes with electrodes embedded in the clothing makes it possible to record the electrical activity produced by the activity of the skeletal muscles in activities of daily living.

Objective: To investigate the reliability of measuring lower-limb left-right electromyography (EMG) activity ratio with smart shorts during stair descent, stair ascent, and repeated unloaded squats among healthy working-aged subjects.

Methods: Seventeen females (mean age 25.

Progression of untreated mild thoracic Scheuermann's kyphosis - Radiographic and functional assessment after mean follow-up of 46 years.

Background: There is no data available on the radiographic development of the Scheuermann's deformity. Our purpose was to investigate radiographic deformity progression and the relation between kyphosis progression and clinical outcome in patients with untreated Scheuermann's kyphosis.

Methods: Thoracic kyphosis (Th4-Th12) was measured from standing lateral radiographs in 19 patients at baseline and after mean 46-year follow-up.

Patient outcome after surgical management of the spinal accessory nerve injury: A long-term follow-up study.

Objectives: A lesion in the spinal accessory nerve is typically iatrogenic: related to lymph node biopsy or excision. This injury may cause paralysis of the trapezius muscle and thus result in a characteristic group of symptoms and signs, including depression and winging of the scapula, drooped shoulder, reduced shoulder abduction, and pain. The elements evaluated in this long-term follow-up study include range of shoulder motion, pain, patients' satisfaction, delay of surgery, surgical procedure, occupational status, functional outcome, and other clinical findings.

Untreated Scheuermann's disease: a 37-year follow-up study.

Introduction: There are only a few follow-up studies of untreated Scheuermann's disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between vertebral changes, back pain, and disability in patients with untreated Scheuermann's disease after a 37-year follow-up.

Materials And Methods: Eighty patients responded to a postal questionnaire concerning back pain and disability and 49 of them had classic Scheuermann's disease.

Thermal sensation and comfort in women exposed repeatedly to whole-body cryotherapy and winter swimming in ice-cold water.

Whole-body cryotherapy (WBC; -110 degrees C) and winter swimming (WS) in ice-cold water are severe ambient cold exposures, which are voluntarily practiced by humans in minimal clothing. The purpose was to examine thermal sensation and thermal comfort associated with WBC and WS. Twenty women similar in body mass index, age, physical activity, and use of hormonal contraception were pairwise randomized either to the WBC group or the WS group.