Material-based treatment strategies against intraosseous implant biofilm infection.

Implant-associated infections present a significant clinical obstacle for orthopedic practitioners, with bacterial biofilm formation serving as a pivotal factor in the initiation, progression, and management of such infections. Conventional approaches have proven inadequate in fully eradicating biofilm-related infections. Consequently, novel material-based therapeutic strategies have been developed, encompassing the utilization of antimicrobial agents, delivery vehicles, and synergistic antibacterial systems.

Treatment preferences and current practices regarding open tibial shaft fractures.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to reveal the treatment preferences and current practices regarding open tibial shaft fracture (OTSF).

Patients And Methods: Online surveys of treatment preferences and current practice of OTSF were conducted by orthopedic trauma doctors from various medical institutions in Zhejiang Province. The survey contains three modules.

Conductive/Insulating Bioinks with Multitechnology Compatibility and Adjustable Performance.

Conducting/insulating inks have received significant attention for the fabrication of a wide range of additive manufacturing technology. However, current inks often demonstrate poor biocompatibility and face trade-offs between conductivity and mechanical stiffness under physiological conditions. Here, conductive/insulating bioinks based on two-dimensional materials are proposed.

Metabolic reprogramming: a new option for the treatment of spinal cord injury.

Spinal cord injuries impose a notably economic burden on society, mainly because of the severe after-effects they cause. Despite the ongoing development of various therapies for spinal cord injuries, their effectiveness remains unsatisfactory. However, a deeper understanding of metabolism has opened up a new therapeutic opportunity in the form of metabolic reprogramming.

Outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer with uncommon epidermal growth factor receptor L858 substitutions under first-line epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors: A large real-world cohort study.

Atypical L858R or other L858X mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene, beyond the classical EGFR mutation caused by c.2573 T > G, have been identified in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), yet their genomic features and survival benefits with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment have not been fully explored. We retrospectively enrolled 489 NSCLC patients with baseline tumor tissue/plasma samples carrying uncommon EGFR (N = 124), EGFR (N = 17), or classical EGFR mutations (N = 348).

Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in skeletal diseases.

Skeletal diseases impose a considerable burden on society. The clinical and tissue-engineering therapies applied to alleviate such diseases frequently result in complications and are inadequately effective. Research has shifted from conventional therapies based on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to exosomes derived from MSCs.

PSMD14 is a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target in osteosarcoma.

Background: Osteosarcoma is a bone tumor that is characterized by high malignancy and a high mortality rate, and that originates from primitive osteoblastic mesenchymal cells and is most common in rapidly growing long bones. PSMD14, also known as RPN11 or POH1, is a member of the JAMM isopeptidase family, which is able to remove the substrate protein ubiquitination label, thereby regulating the stability and function of the substrate protein. In this study, we explored the expression and potential biological significance of the PSMD14 deubiquitinating enzyme in osteosarcoma.

Novel positioning guiders accurately assist in situ acetabular reconstruction for patients undergoing pelvic bone tumor resection.

Purpose: Acetabular reconstruction in situ after extensive pelvic resection is technically challenging. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of positioning guiders for acetabular reconstruction following pelvic tumor resection and the clinical benefit brought by the approach.

Methods: The study included patients who underwent acetabular reconstruction following periacetabular tumor resection using a modular hemipelvic prosthesis.

Assessing the causal relationship of birth weight and childhood obesity on osteoarthritis: a Mendelian randomization study.

Obesity is associated with osteoarthritis (OA), but few studies have used fetal origin to explore the association. Our study aims to disentangle the causality between birth weight, childhood obesity, and adult OA using Mendelian randomization (MR). We identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to birth weight ( = 298,142) and childhood obesity ( = 24,160) from two genome-wide association studies contributed by the Early Growth Genetics Consortium.

Novel methods to diagnose rotator cuff tear and predict post-operative Re-tear: Radiomics models.

Objective: To validated a classifier to distinguish the status of rotator cuff tear and predict post-operative re-tear by utilizing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients with healthy rotator cuff and patients diagnosed as rotator cuff tear (RCT) by MRI. Radiomics features were identified from the pre-operative shoulder MRI and selected by using maximum relevance minimum redundancy (MRMR) methods.

Cirsilineol inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast activity and ovariectomy-induced bone loss via NF-κb/ERK/p38 signaling pathways.

Background: Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a chronic metabolic bone disease caused by excessive osteoclast formation and function. Targeting osteoclast differentiation and activity can modulate bone resorption and alleviate osteoporosis. Cirsilineol, an active constituent of Vestita Wall, has shown numerous biological activities and has been used to treat many metabolic diseases.

Silencing circATXN1 in Aging Nucleus Pulposus Cell Alleviates Intervertebral Disc Degeneration via Correcting Progerin Mislocalization.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a critical regulatory role in degenerative diseases; however, their functions and therapeutic applications in intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) have not been explored. Here, we identified that a novel circATXN1 highly accumulates in aging nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) accountable for IVDD. CircATXN1 accelerates cellular senescence, disrupts extracellular matrix organization, and inhibits mitochondrial respiration.

Thread-structural microneedles loaded with engineered exosomes for annulus fibrosus repair by regulating mitophagy recovery and extracellular matrix homeostasis.

Low back pain is among the most grave public health concerns worldwide and the major clinical manifestation of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). The destruction of annulus fibrosus (AF) is the primary cause of IVDD. A sustainable and stable treatment system for IVDD is lacking because of the special organizational structure and low nutrient supply of AF.

The chromatin remodeling factor Arid1a cooperates with Jun/Fos to promote osteoclastogenesis by epigenetically upregulating Siglec15 expression.

Osteoporosis is characterized by an imbalance between osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and osteoblast-related bone formation, particularly increased osteoclastogenesis. However, the mechanisms by which epigenetic factors regulate osteoclast precursor differentiation during osteoclastogenesis remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the specific knockout of the chromatin remodeling factor Arid1a in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) results in increased bone mass.

KDELR2 promotes bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell osteogenic differentiation via GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Nonunion is a challenging complication of fractures for the surgeon. Recently the Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu (KDEL) endoplasmic reticulum protein retention receptor 2 (KDELR2) has been found that involved in osteogenesis imperfecta. However, the exact mechanism is still unclear.

mTORC1 accelerates osteosarcoma progression via mA-dependent stabilization of USP7 mRNA.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is considered a sex steroid hormone-dependent bone tumor. The development and progression of OS are regulated by 17β-estradiol (E2). However, the detailed mechanisms of E2-modulated OS progression remained to be elucidated.

Multiple influence of immune cells in the bone metastatic cancer microenvironment on tumors.

Bone is a common organ for solid tumor metastasis. Malignant bone tumor becomes insensitive to systemic therapy after colonization, followed by poor prognosis and high relapse rate. Immune and bone cells constitute a unique immune microenvironment, which plays a crucial role in the context of bone metastasis.

Investigating the synergy of Shikonin and Valproic acid in inducing apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells via ROS-mediated EGR1 expression.

Background: Osteosarcoma is the most prevalent malignant bone tumour with a poor prognosis. Shikonin (SHK) is derived from the traditional Chinese medicine Lithospermum that has been extensively studied for its notable anti-tumour effects, including for osteosarcoma. However, its application has certain limitations.

Causal associations between gut microbiota with intervertebral disk degeneration, low back pain, and sciatica: a Mendelian randomization study.

Purpose: Although studies have suggested that gut microbiota may be associated with intervertebral disk disease, their causal relationship is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between the gut microbiota and its metabolic pathways with the risk of intervertebral disk degeneration (IVDD), low back pain (LBP), and sciatica.

Methods: Genetic variation data for 211 gut microbiota taxa at the phylum to genus level were obtained from the MiBioGen consortium.

Osteocyte mitochondria inhibit tumor development via STING-dependent antitumor immunity.

Bone is one of the most common sites of tumor metastases. During the last step of bone metastasis, cancer cells colonize and disrupt the bone matrix, which is maintained mainly by osteocytes, the most abundant cells in the bone microenvironment. However, the role of osteocytes in bone metastasis is still unclear.

Comparison of the ability of exosomes and ectosomes derived from adipose-derived stromal cells to promote cartilage regeneration in a rat osteochondral defect model.

Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) offer promising prospects for stimulating cartilage regeneration. The different formation mechanisms suggest that exosomes and ectosomes possess different biological functions. However, little attention has been paid to the differential effects of EV subsets on cartilage regeneration.