Multiple Osteochondritis Dissecans in Multiple Joints.

Background: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) rarely occurs in multiple joints. Furthermore, the existence of left-right asymmetric OCDs in different joints of the contralateral side of the body and lesions occurring with a temporal difference is rare. Here, we report a rare case with multiple OCDs sequentially detected in various joints.

Postural Stability and Muscle Activation Onset during Double- to Single-Leg Stance Transition in Flat-Footed Individuals.

The effects of foot posture on postural stability and on muscular activation pattern for postural control remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate postural stability and muscular activation onset during the transition task from double- to single-leg stance in individuals with different foot postures. Twenty-seven healthy men (age: 21.

Alterations in articular cartilage T2 star relaxation time following mechanical disorders: in vivo canine supraspinatus tendon resection models.

Background: The role of altered joint mechanics on cartilage degeneration in in vivo models has not been studied successfully due to a lack of pre-injury information. We aimed 1) to develop an accurate in vivo canine model to measure the changes in joint loading and T2 star (T2*) relaxation time before and after unilateral supraspinatus tendon resections, and 2) to find the relationship between regional variations in articular cartilage loading patterns and T2* relaxation time distributions.

Methods: Rigid markers were implanted in the scapula and humerus of tested dogs.

Arthroscopic Synovectomy and Excision of a Sesamoid in the Management of an Atypical Presentation of Avascular Necrosis of Bone: A Case Report.

Avascular necrosis of a sesamoid bone is a rare and incompletely understood entity. Furthermore, associated lesions secondary to sesamoid pathology have seldom been described in the literature. We report a case of avascular necrosis of the medial sesamoid, accompanied by severe synovitis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint, that was successfully managed with arthroscopic synovectomy and open excision of the sesamoid.

Comparison of foot kinematics and the morphology of intrinsic musculature of the foot using a foot-type classification based on function.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate a correlation between the morphology of the intrinsic musculature of the foot and foot kinematics during gait using a foot type classification based on the windlass function. [Participants and Methods] We examined 67 feet of 35 healthy participants in this study. We collected three-dimensional foot kinematic data during gait from the Oxford Foot Model and assessed the morphology of the flexor digitorum brevis, abductor hallucis, adductor halluces (oblique head), and abductor digiti minimi muscles using B-mode ultrasound.

Palatal Reconstruction after Major Surgical Excision.

Oncological excision surgery in the oral and maxillofacial area amputates important structures or open cavities (sinus, nose, mouth) which are usually "closed". The disappearance of an eye, tongue, soft palate or cheek, raises serious issues regarding the resumption of partial or total functions of that region, in terms of social reintegration of the patient. In the cephalic extremity, the reconstruction material is limited, so specialists resort to resources located away from the defect to achieve closure.

Meniscal Allograft Transplantation With Soft-Tissue Fixation Including the Anterior Intermeniscal Ligament.

Meniscal allograft transplantation has been introduced as a treatment for symptomatic meniscus-deficient patients to improve clinical outcomes. We describe an arthroscopic technique for meniscal allograft with soft-tissue fixation including the anterior intermeniscal ligament (AIML): arthroscopic double soft-tissue fixation technique. The AIML and anterior and posterior roots are detached and sutured using running locked Krackow stitches.

(Whole-Body) Electromyostimulation, Muscle Damage, and Immune System: A Mini Review.

Exercise-induced muscular damage (EIMD) is a well-known phenomenon in exercise medicine that is closely related to the type and intensity of training, with especially eccentric training content providing various physiological irritations, including mechanical as well as metabolic. Besides the increase in markers of muscular damage, such as creatine kinase (CK) and myoglobin (Mb), several physiological shifts trigger a kind of stepwise repair chain reactions lasting over a time course from several hours to days. Subsequent inflammatory processes are closely related to muscular damage with decisive influence on physiological repair mechanisms, as indicated by an increased invasion of immune cells and typical patterns of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines.

Effects of pain neuroscience education in hospitalized patients with high tibial osteotomy: a quasi-experimental study using propensity score matching.

Background: Pain neuroscience education (PNE) has been shown to reduce pain or psychological symptoms in patients with chronic pain and preoperative knee osteoarthritis; however, the evidence of its effectiveness in hospitalized patients who have undergone high tibial osteotomy (HTO) is unknown. This study was performed to determine whether the implementation of a newly developed hospital-time PNE provided by physical therapists to patients after HTO can result in meaningful improvements.

Methods: In total, 119 patients aged ≥45 years with knee osteoarthritis who were scheduled to undergo HTO were analyzed.

Johann Peter Frank (1745-1821) and the Pathogenesis of Back Pain.

: Johann Peter Frank (1745-1821) is generally known as one of the founders of the modern Hygiene and Public Health. It is less known his contribution in investigating the pathogenesis of spinal disorders. In his "De Vertebralis Columnae in Morbis Dignitate" (1791), Frank first proposed to use the Latin term "rhachialgia" (back pain) to indicate all the painful states of spine.

Effect of metacarpophalangeal joint position on A1 pulley and flexor digitorum tendons in trigger digit.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the cross-sectional area (CSA) of flexor digitorum tendons and the thickness of first annular (A1) pulleys between contralateral normal digits and trigger digits (TDs) at positions of finger flexion and extension using a noninvasive ultrasound system.

Methods: Seventeen affected fingers of 17 patients (6 men and 11 women) with TDs in one hand, and 17 contralateral normal digits without trigger finger symptoms were examined. The sonographic appearances of flexor digitorum tendons and A1 pulleys were observed at two positions of metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint flexion: 0° and 60°.

Impact of patient background factors on the treatment efficacy of once-weekly teriparatide.

Objectives: The impact of patient background factors on changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolic markers after treatment with once-weekly teriparatide (W-TPTD) has not been fully elucidated. To clarify the impact, I performed stratified analysis in addition to the efficacy and safety assessments to analyze treatment data with W-TPTD.

Methods: The primary endpoint of the efficacy was the rate of change of the lumbar spine BMD at 18 months after treatment.

Intertrial Rest for Maximum Grip and Key Pinch Strength in Japanese Young Adults.

Objective: This study investigated the most appropriate intertrial rest period for maximum grip and key pinch strength measurements involving three trials.

Method: The study included 40 male and 40 female participants. Using a repeated-measures design, six intertrial rest periods-15 s, 30 s, 60 s, 90 s, 120 s, and 150 s-were investigated, one per day on 6 different days.

Effect of hip joint angle at seat-off on hip joint contact force during sit-to-stand movement: a computer simulation study.

Background: Sit-to-stand movements are a necessary part of daily life, and excessive mechanical stress on the articular cartilage has been reported to encourage the progression of osteoarthritis. Although a change in hip joint angle at seat-off may affect hip joint contact force during a sit-to-stand movement, the effect is unclear. This study aimed to examine the effect of the hip joint angle at seat-off on the hip joint contact force during a sit-to-stand movement by using a computer simulation.

Correlation Between Walking Ability and Monthly Care Costs in Elderly Patients After Surgical Treatments for Hip Fractures.

Objective: To validate the relationship between residual walking ability and monthly care cost as well as long-term care insurance (LTCI) certification level in elderly patients after surgical treatment for hip fractures in Japan.

Methods: Elderly patients aged >75 years who underwent surgical treatment for hip fractures in our hospital were included. The preand post-surgical (6-month) walking ability and LTCI certification and the presence or absence of dementia was determined from medical records and questionnaires.

Lung Abscess Remains a Life-Threatening Condition in Pediatrics - A Case Report.

Pulmonary abscess or lung abscess is a lung infection which destroys the lung parenchyma leading to cavitations and central necrosis in localised areas formed by thick-walled purulent material. It can be primary or secondary. Lung abscesses can occur at any age, but it seems that paediatric pulmonary abscess morbidity is lower than in adults.

Relationship between movement time and hip moment impulse in the sagittal plane during sit-to-stand movement: a combined experimental and computer simulation study.

Background: The association between repetitive hip moment impulse and the progression of hip osteoarthritis is a recently recognized area of study. A sit-to-stand movement is essential for daily life and requires hip extension moment. Although a change in the sit-to-stand movement time may influence the hip moment impulse in the sagittal plane, this effect has not been examined.

The Japanese registry for surgery of ischial pressure ulcers: STANDARDS-I.

Objective: To clarify the surgical indications and the appropriate perioperative management of ischial pressure ulcers (PUs).

Method: A two-year prospective, nationwide registry study was carried out across 26 medical institutions in Japan. All participating institutions managed ischial PUs according to the standardisation of total management and surgical application for the refractory decubitus (STANDARDS-I) perioperative protocol.

The Results of Hemivertebra Resection by the Posterior Approach in Children with a Mean Follow-Up of Five Years.

Aim: To evaluate the radiologic and clinical results of patients who underwent deformity correction and stabilization for congenital spinal deformities using pedicle screws after hemivertebra resection.

Material And Method: Nine patients, mean age 9.2, who underwent posterior hemivertebrectomy and transpedicular fixation for congenital spinal deformity and had longer than five years of follow-up were evaluated retrospectively.

Synovial fluid biomarkers: association with chronic rotator cuff tear severity and pain.

Background: We tested the hypothesis that biomarkers in the synovial fluid of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint are correlated with visual analog scale (VAS) scores, functional scores, and ultrasound findings of chronic rotator cuff tear (RCT) severity.

Methods: We measured biomarkers in shoulder joint synovial fluid of 42 patients with partial-thickness (21), nonmassive full-thickness (10), and massive full-thickness (11) RCTs. Pain duration, tear severity, and VAS and functional scores were compared with interleukin (IL) 1β, IL-6, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 1, and MMP-13 levels.

Relationship between hardness and deformation of the vastus lateralis muscle during knee flexion using ultrasound imaging.

The aims of this study were to clarify the relationship between deformation of the VL during knee flexion and the stiffness of the VL. 40 lower limbs of 20 male normal volunteers were divided into control and tightness groups using the Ely test. Deformation of the VL in the transverse plane during active knee flexion from 0 to 90° was recorded using B-mode ultrasonography.

Therapeutic efficacy of three hyaluronic acid formulations in young and middle-aged patients with early-stage meniscal injuries.

[Purpose] To investigate and compare the efficacy of three hyaluronic acid formulations in patients with early-stage meniscal injuries. [Subjects and Methods] Male and female patients who were admitted to our clinic between January 2013 and December 2013, diagnosed with early-stage meniscus lesions of the knee, and given a hyaluronic acid treatment were included in this retrospective study. Patients were categorized into 3 groups according to their treatments: MONOVISC, OSTENIL PLUS, or ORTHOVISC.