Delivery of FGF18 using mRNA-LNP protects the cartilage against degeneration via alleviating chondrocyte senescence.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease with an immense unmet medical need. FGF18 protein is a potential regenerative factor for cartilage repair. However, traditional protein delivery methods have limited efficacy due to the short lifetime and shallow infiltration.

Outcomes of Triceps Surae Lengthening Surgery in Children With Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease: A Multisite Investigation.

Background: Orthopaedic surgical intervention in children with Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) often includes triceps surae lengthening (TSL) and foot procedures to address instability and pain due to equinus and cavovarus deformities. These surgeries may unmask underlying weakness in this progressive disease causing increased calcaneal pitch and excessive dorsiflexion in terminal stance leading to crouch. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in ankle function during gait following TSL surgery in children with CMT.

Adaptive Approaches to Exercise Rehabilitation for Postural Tachycardia Syndrome and Related Autonomic Disorders.

Exercise is a well-documented, nonpharmacologic treatment for individuals with autonomic dysfunction and associated orthostatic intolerance, such as postural tachycardia syndrome and related disorders. Exercise has been shown to increase blood volume, reverse cardiovascular deconditioning, and improve quality of life. Current first-line standard of care treatment for autonomic dysfunction combines graded approaches to exercise with medications and lifestyle modifications.

Maternal Gut Inflammation Aggravates Acute Liver Failure Through Facilitating Ferroptosis via Altering Gut Microbial Metabolism in Offspring.

Microbial transmission from mother to infant is important for offspring microbiome formation and health. However, it is unclear whether maternal gut inflammation (MGI) during lactation influences mother-to-infant microbial transmission and offspring microbiota and disease susceptibility. In this study, it is found that MGI during lactation altered the gut microbiota of suckling pups by shaping the maternal microbiota in the gut and mammary glands.

Biomaterials-mediated biomineralization for tumor blockade therapy.

Recent advancements in tumor therapy have underscored the potential of biomaterials-mediated biomineralization for tumor blockade. By precisely regulating biomineralization and constructing nanomineralized structures at the cellular level, this therapy achieves multi-dimensional targeted inhibition of tumors. Mineralized precursor molecules are engineered to selectively recognize and bind to proteins on the tumor cell membrane, obstructing signal transduction.

Utility of Abdominal Radiographs After Posterior Spinal Fusion for Neuromuscular Scoliosis.

Postoperative ileus, the temporary cessation of gastrointestinal motility leading to accumulation of fluid and gas in the bowel, is a common complication following posterior spine fusion (PSF) in patients with neuromuscular scoliosis (NMS). Abdominal radiographs (KUBs) are often ordered to differentiate between ileus and mechanical obstruction but expose patients to radiation, add cost, and may lead to unnecessary work up. The aim of this study was to determine how often KUBs led to a change in treatment after PSF in patients with NMS.

Thiol-terminated -halamine ligands to photothermal gold nanorods for synergistically combating antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Bio-friendly antibacterial -halamine polymers were used to modify gold nanorods (GNR@pAMPS-Cl), which showed excellent antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistant bacteria and accelerated the healing of MRSA-infected wounds. This work provides a new strategy for the preparation of nanoscale antibacterial materials.

Bioactive Materials Facilitate the Restoration of Neurological Function Post Cerebral Ischemic Stroke.

The recovery process following ischemic stroke is a complex undertaking involving intricate cellular and molecular interactions. Cellular dysfunction or aberrant pathways can lead to complications such as brain edema, hemorrhagic transformation, and glial scar hyperplasia, hindering angiogenesis and nerve regeneration. These abnormalities may contribute to long-term disability post-stroke, imposing significant burdens on both families and society.

Current trends in intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring among Asia-Pacific countries: an Asia-Pacific Spine Society survey.

Study Design: A prospective web-based survey.

Purpose: Although intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) is critical in spine surgery, its usage is largely based on the surgeon's discretion, and studies on its usage trends in Asia-Pacific countries are lacking. This study aimed to examine current trends in IONM usage in Asia-Pacific countries.

Early Mobility and Rehabilitation Protocol after Internal Brace Ankle Stabilization.

Unlabelled: Chronic lateral ankle instability is a common diagnosis in foot and ankle clinics. Internal Brace (IB) augmentation is a surgical procedure that utilizes fibertape augmentation of the lateral ankle ligaments. Studies have shown the superiority of fibertape augmentation over traditional lateral ankle stabilization procedures such as the Brostrom or Brostrom-Gould.

Postoperative Supine Sleeping Position Following Total Knee Arthroplasty Decreases Knee Flexion Contractures.

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an orthopaedic operation that improves quality of life and reduces pain in patients with disabling arthritis of the knee. One commonly recognized postoperative complication is flexion contracture of the knee. While early physical therapy and range of motion (ROM) exercises have helped improve ROM postoperatively, flexion contractures still remain a significant postoperative complication of TKA.

What's new in the pediatric spine?

Introduction: The field of pediatric spine surgery has encountered major changes and evolutions lately, with new treatment options available and the development of enabling technologies. This article aims to summarize the most relevant recent literature.

Materials And Methods: The five most relevant topics were selected and assigned to one or two authors who performed a comprehensive Pubmed database search for articles published in the last 4 years (2021-2024).

Decoding ferroptosis: transforming orthopedic disease management.

As a mechanism of cell death, ferroptosis has gained popularity since 2012. The process is distinguished by iron toxicity and phospholipid accumulation, in contrast to autophagy, apoptosis, and other cell death mechanisms. It is implicated in the advancement of multiple diseases across the body.

Biomaterials-based phototherapy for bacterial infections.

Bacterial infections and antibiotic resistance are global health problems, and current treatments for bacterial infections still rely on the use of antibiotics. Phototherapy based on the use of a photosensitizer has high efficiency, a broad spectrum, strong selectivity, does not easily induce drug resistance, and is expected to become an effective strategy for the treatment of bacterial infections, particularly drug-resistant infections. This article reviews antimicrobial strategies of phototherapy based on photosensitizers, including photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), and their combination.

Hypercoagulation after Hospital Discharge in Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis: A Prospective Study.

Background & Aims: Venous thromboembolism is a serious complication during and following hospitalization with acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC). We evaluated serial thrombotic profiles of patients with ASUC from the point of hospitalization up to 12 weeks postdischarge and compared these with control patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis.

Methods: Twenty-seven patients with ASUC and 25 control patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis were recruited.

The decrease in zinc-finger E-box-binding homeobox-1 could accelerate steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by repressing type-H vessel formation via Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Background: Zinc-finger E-box-binding homeobox-1 (ZEB1) is predominantly found in type-H vessels. However, the roles of ZEB1 and type-H vessels in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) are unclear.

Methods: Human femoral heads were collected to detect the expression of ZEB1 and the levels of type-H vessels.

Comprehensive Characterization of Th2/Th17 Cells-Related Gene in Systemic Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis: Evidence from Mendelian Randomization and Transcriptome Data Using Multiple Machine Learning Approaches.

Background: Growing research has demonstrated that alterations in Th2 and Th17 cell composition were linked to systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (sJRA). Nevertheless, whether these associations indicate a causal link remains unclear, and the potential effects of Th2/Th17-related molecules have not been clarified.

Methods: Mendelian randomization (MR) alongside transcriptome examination was implemented to ascertain the links between the Th2/Th17 cells and sJRA.

LIV selection in 'tweener' patients treated with magnetically controlled growing rods vs. posterior spinal fusion.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the LIV selection in 'tweener' patients treated with MCGR or PSF.

Methods: A multicenter pediatric spine database was queried for ambulatory patients ages 8-11 years treated by MCGR or PSF with at least 2-year follow-up. The relationship between the LIV and preoperative spinal height, curve magnitude, and implant type were assessed.

A sequential stimuli-responsive hydrogel promotes structural and functional recovery of severe spinal cord injury.

Utilizing drug-loaded hydrogels to restore nerve conductivity emerges as a promising strategy in the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI). However, many of these hydrogels fail to deliver drugs on demand according to the dynamic SCI pathological features, resulting in poor functional recovery. Inspired by the post-SCI microenvironments, here we report a time-sequential and controllable drug delivery strategy using an injectable hydrogel responsive to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).

The pathoanatomy of medial ligamentous disruption in the dislocated and multiple ligament injured knee.

Purpose: To describe the medial-sided pathoanatomy and ligament injuries in acute MLKIs with medial-sided involvement andlook forassociated injury patterns based upon location of ligamentous injury.

Methods: Patients who underwent treatment for MLKI at two level-1 trauma centers were identified between January 2001 and May 2023. Only cases involvingcomplete disruption of the superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL) were included.