The effectiveness of shoe modifications and foot orthoses in conservative treatment of lesser toe deformities: a review of literature.

Forefoot disorders are prevalent in the general population, with an incidence between 2 and 20%. Among them, lesser toe deformities (hammer, claw, and mallet toes) are frequent disorders, and their conservative management is often not adequately considered but usually attempted before surgical indication. Among conservative treatments, shoe modifications and the application of orthoses may, in most cases, alleviate symptoms.

The efficacy of shoes modification and orthotics in hallux valgus deformity: a comprehensive review of literature.

Hallux valgus (HV) is a frequent forefoot deformity affecting about 23% of adults and 35.7% of people over 65. The exact etiology is not fully understood.

Conservative treatment of spinal tuberculosis in a retrospective cohort study over 20-year period: high eradication rate and successful health status can be expected.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) which mainly cause lung primarily TB, can also affect the musculoskeletal system. Spine involvement occurs in 50% of the cases and neurologic deficit and kyphotic deformity may occur. The choice of conservative or surgical management of spinal TB in the absence of neurologic deficits remains controversial.

Role of lateral soft tissues release in percutaneous hallux valgus correction: A medium term retrospective study.

Background: In the field of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for the treatment of hallux valgus (HV), different techniques have begun to emerge in the literature concerning the distal osteotomy of the first metatarsal bone, the synthesis or not of the metatarsal head, the possible association with lateral soft tissues release (LSTR) and osteotomy of the base of the first phalanx.

Aim: To evaluate the role of LSTR on percutaneous HV correction, evaluating functional and radiographical results.

Methods: From January 2012 to May 2016 a total of 396 patients with mild to moderate symptomatic HV treated with the MIS technique were included in this retrospective study.

Percutaneous Cement Discoplasty in Degenerative Spinal Disease: Systematic Review of Indications, Clinical Outcomes, and Complications.

Background: Percutaneous cement discoplasty (PCD) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that can provide a segmental stabilizing and indirect decompression effect in the case of severely degenerated discs characterized by vacuum phenomenon. This systematic review aims to analyze the available literature relating to correct indications and clinical and radiologic efficacy of PCD in patients affected by advanced degenerative spine conditions.

Methods: The search was conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guideline.

The eradication rate of infection in septic knee arthritis according to the Gächter Classification: a systematic review.

Introduction: Knee septic arthritis rapidly damages the knee joint. Gächter described a classification of joint infections based on arthroscopic findings: an arthroscopic staging of the common disease has prognostic and therapeutic consequences. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the application of the Gächter classification system to knee septic arthritis, evaluating prognostic and therapeutic implications of this classification.

Optimizing indications and technique in osteotomies around the knee.

Osteotomies around the knee represent a valid surgical treatment in young active patients affected by unicompartmental osteoarthritis and/or knee ligament instability. This review article describes the main osteotomies performed around the knee and their optimization, with particular attention to indications and surgical technique in light of the most recent literature and author experience. Further developments have to be expected from technological advances, focusing particularly on surgical planning and the control of intraoperative deformity correction by pre-shaped cutting blocks.

Candida periprosthetic infection of the knee: a systematic review of surgical treatments and clinical outcomes.

Background: Candida periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are a rare cause of prosthesis revision with severe consequences and challenging treatment. This study aims to produce a systematic analysis of types of treatment and outcome of knee Candida PJIs and their correlation with specific pathogen species.

Methods: During April 2021, a literature search was performed according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guideline.

Uncommon cervical pain due by Bacillus pumilus spondylodiscitis in an immunocompetent patient: a case report.

A fifty-three year-old military patient, presented with a 3 months neck pain and paraesthesia of upper right extremity after gastroscopy. Radiological examination demonstrated anuncertain degenerative/infective involvement of C6-C7 intervertebral disc. The patient underwent anterior debridement with C5-C6 disc excisional biopsy, with microbiological findings of Bacillus pumilus with high bacterial concentration.

Should we operate on all patients with COVID-19 and proximal femoral fractures? An analysis of thirty, sixty, and ninety day mortality rates based on patients' clinical presentation and comorbidity: a multicentric study in Northern Italy.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate 30-60-90-day mortality of operated proximal femur fractures (PFFs) suffering from COVID-19 and correlation with patients' clinical presentation and comorbidities.

Methods: Between February 1, 2020, and December 31, 2020, patients with COVID-19 infection and surgically treated PFF were included. Patients' demographic characteristics, oxygen (O2) therapy, comorbidities, and AO type fracture were collected.

May footwear be a predisposing factor for the development of hallux rigidus? A review of recent findings.

Hallux rigidus (HR) is the clinical manifestation of osteoarthritis of the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP1) joint and affects about 2.5% of people older than 50 years. The condition may significantly impact patients' quality of life, leading to debilitating pain and limited range of motion (ROM).

Aetiology, diagnosis, and treatment of brachymetatarsia: a narrative review.

Brachymetatarsia (BM), or hypoplastic metatarsal, is an abnormal shortening of one or more metatarsal bones with a female-to-male ratio of 10.53:1. Different causes are described in the literature, such as congenital, acquired, or iatrogenic, associated with different conditions and syndromes.

How to Select the Lower Instrumented Vertebra in Traditional Growing Rods Index Surgery.

Background: There are still no consensus criteria on how to select the lower instrumented vertebra (LIV) for traditional growing rods (TGRs) at index surgery. The aim was to evaluate whether the criteria used for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis fusion adapts to early onset scoliosis (EOS).

Methods: Retrospective analysis of prospectively longitudinal collected data in a consecutive cohort of patients with EOS treated with TGR, expanding from index surgery to 2 years after graduation.

Effectiveness and reliability of cannulated fenestrated screws augmented with polymethylmethacrylate cement in the surgical treatment of osteoporotic vertebral fractures.

Background: Implants' stability, especially in osteoporosis patients, is a challenging matter. Nowadays, the adoption of cannulated fenestrated screws augmented with polymethylmethacrylate cement (PMMA CSF) is described by some authors. This single-center, retrospective observational study aims to evaluate the long-term effectiveness, reliability, and mechanical performances of this type of screws in osteoporotic fractures.

The efficacy of shoe modifications and foot orthoses in treating patients with hallux rigidus: a comprehensive review of literature.

Hallux rigidus (HR) is a degenerative disease of the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP1) joint and affects about 2.5% of people older than 50 years. The real etiology of this condition remains under debate.

Fracture-dislocations of the forearm joint: a systematic review of the literature and a comprehensive locker-based classification system.

Background: Monteggia, Galeazzi, and Essex-Lopresti injuries are the most common types of fracture-dislocation of the forearm. Uncommon variants and rare traumatic patterns of forearm fracture-dislocations have sometimes been reported in literature. In this study we systematically review the literature to identify and classify all cases of forearm joint injury pattern according to the forearm joint and three-locker concepts.

Long versus Short Segment Instrumentation in Osteoporotic Thoracolumbar Vertebral Fracture.

Study Design: Retrospective comparative study.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare clinical and radiological data and rate of mechanical complications in elderly patients treated with short segment (SSS) or long segment stabilization (LSS) for thoracolumbar junction osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs).

Overview Of Literature: A fervent debate is now focused on the treatment of OVF using SSS or LSS.

Can We Predict the Progression of Vertebral Collapse in Conservative Treatment of Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures? A 3-Year Retrospective Study of 180 Patients From the Emergency Department.

Background: Osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs) have a high incidence in the elderly population and are usually treated conservatively with good outcomes. Nevertheless, failure of the conservative treatment may lead to serious complications. The aim of the study is to identify clinical, radiographic, and magnetic resonance imaging findings potentially related to the failure of the conservative treatment of OVFs.

Surgical treatment of scoliosis in neurofibromatosis type I: A retrospective study on posterior-only correction with third-generation instrumentation.

Background: Scoliosis is the most common orthopedic complication of neurofibromatosis type I. Scoliosis can be occurred with two patterns: dystrophic or idiopathic-like. In adolescence, in consideration of bone dystrophy, osteopenia, and often associated hyperkyphosis, most of the authors recommend an anterior-posterior approach.

The effectiveness of shoe modifications and orthotics in the conservative treatment of Civinini-Morton syndrome: state of art.

Civinini Morton's Syndrome (CMS), better known as Morton's Neuroma, is a benign enlargement that typically affects the third common digital branch of the plantar nerve. It is a common cause of metatarsalgia leading to debilitating pain. It prefers the female gender, with a female to male ratio of 5:1 and an average age of 50 years at time of surgery.