Assessing the African burden of breast cancer: A demographic analysis using Global Cancer Observatory 2022.

Background: Breast cancer is a major health issue for women in Africa. This study aims to assess the burden of the disease using the latest estimates from Global Cancer Observatory 2022.

Methods: Data were sourced from the Global Cancer Observatory 2022.

Crocin facilitates osteogenesis and angiogenesis by moderating oxidative stress and ferroptosis via Nrf2/GPX4 pathway.

Bone formation is a complex multi-factor process of bone defect healing. Oxidative stress (OS) is predisposed to induce regulatory cell death (RCD), such as ferroptosis. At present, the antioxidant effects of Crocin on erastin induced oxidative damage were studied.

Long bone fractures with associated vascular injury: Who should go first?

Objectives: Long bone fractures with concomitant vascular injury have the potential to be life and limb threatening injuries, with increased risk for limb loss. There is currently no established surgical order of operations for orthopaedic and vascular intervention. This study compares injury classification, warm ischemia time and patient outcomes in patients with long bone fractures and associated vascular injury after orthopaedic versus vascular primary intervention.

Has the documentation of chest injuries and the development of systemic complications in patients with long bone fractures changed over time?-A systematic literature review and meta-analysis by the IMPACT expert group.

Introduction: Blunt chest trauma represents a major risk factor for complications in polytrauma patients. Various scoring systems have emerged, but their impact is not fully appreciated. This review evaluates changes in chest trauma scoring over time and potential shifts in complication rates linked to modified surgical approaches in long bone fractures.

Fuzi decoction ameliorates intervertebral disc degeneration through ferroptosis modulation by suppressing NF-κB pathway.

Background And Objectives: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a complex condition that necessitates the development of novel therapeutic strategies. The objective of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of Fuzi decoction (FZD) in the treatment of IVDD by examining its bioactive components, target genes, molecular interactions, pathways, and therapeutic efficacy.

Methods: Bioactive ingredients with an oral bioavailability (OB) of ≥ 30 % and drug likeness (DL) of ≥ 0.

Management of a huge cystic multi-nodular goiter with retro-sternal extension. Case report.

Introduction And Importance: Surgical management of huge multi-nodular goiters present clinical and surgical management dilemma among practicing surgeons. Thyroidectomies pose huge risk potential when performed by relatively inexperienced and junior operators.

Case Presentation: We present a case of a 40-year-old lady who had presented at our center with a ten-year history of painless anterior neck swelling.

Maternal urinary levels of PAH metabolites, umbilical cord blood telomere length and anthropometric indices in newborns.

The existing evidence indicating that prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is associated with a range of adverse outcomes, including alterations in anthropometric indices, underscores the need for further investigation into the underlying mechanisms. This study aims to examine the effects of prenatal PAH exposure on anthropometric indices and telomere length (TL), as well as to explore whether changes in TL can serve as a predictor of alterations in anthropometric measures. The study was conducted in Shenyang, China, with 2460 pregnant women participating between 2022 and 2023.

Gadolinium-Enhanced 3-Dimensional MRI for Diagnosis and Surgical Planning of Posterior Epidural Migration of Lumbar Disc Fragment: A Case Report.

Case: A 34-year-old man presented at our hospital with knee collapse. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed posterior compression of the dural sac by a lumbar epidural lesion; however, a diagnosis could not be reached. Gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced 3-dimensional MRI (3D-MRI) clearly delineated the morphology, enabling us to make a preoperative diagnosis of posterior epidural migration of the lumbar disc fragment (PEMLDF).

Markers for Pressure Injury Risk in Individuals with Chronic Spinal Cord Injury: A Pilot Study.

Objective: To identify markers associated with pressure injury (PrI) history in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) using two approaches: skin blood flow (SBF) response toward localized heating, and serum marker for insulin resistance.

Methods: For this cross-sectional, observational study of adults with chronic traumatic SCI at T12 and above, researchers recruited two groups of participants: with history of PrI (group 1), and without history of PrI (group 2). The study protocol included obtaining fasting blood samples and measurement of SBF at bilateral heels with localized heating of 42 °C for 30 minutes from all participants.

Evolution of Sagittal Spinal Alignment During Pubertal Growth: A Large-Scale Study in a Chinese Pediatric Population.

Background: Previous studies have reported normative data for sagittal spinal alignment in asymptomatic adults. The sagittal spinal alignment change in European children was recently reported. However, there is a lack of studies on the normative reference values of sagittal spinal and pelvic alignment and how these parameters change at different growth stages in Chinese children.

Association of methotrexate polyglutamates concentration with methotrexate efficacy and safety in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with predefined dose: results from the MIRACLE trial.

Objectives: The usefulness of methotrexate-polyglutamates (MTX-PGs) concentration for management of rheumatoid arthritis has been debated. We aimed to clarify the association of MTX-PGs concentration with efficacy and safety in MTX-naïve patients initiating MTX in a prospective interventional clinical trial.

Methods: The MIRACLE trial enrolled 300 MTX-naïve patients.

Preoperative Anxiety Management Practices in Pediatric Anesthesia: Comparative Analysis of an Online Survey Presented to Experts and Social Media Users.

Background: Managing preoperative anxiety in pediatric anesthesia is challenging, as it impacts patient cooperation and postoperative outcomes. Both pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions are used to reduce children's anxiety levels. However, the optimal approach remains debated, with evidence-based guidelines still lacking.

Patients' Experiences With Opioid Tapering in Noncancer Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-synthesis.

Tapering opioids is an effective strategy to reduce the risks associated with long-term opioid therapy. However, patients' experience with tapering can influence the success of this treatment. Understanding patients' experiences with opioid tapering will allow for patient-centered approaches to be adopted to tailor interventions to achieve safe and successful taper outcomes.

Instagram Engagement Helps Increase Residency Applicant Interest in Orthopaedic Surgery.

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate whether Instagram engagement data affect residency application volumes for orthopaedic surgery residency programs and rank the top 50 Instagram accounts associated with programs based on engagement.

Methods: Data from January 1, 2020 to June 30, 2023 were collected in August 2023 for Instagram metrics through Popsters social media analytic tool for business accounts and manually for nonbusiness accounts, as well as applicant numbers through the Association of American Medical College (AAMC) Residency Explorer Tool. Top 50 rankings were created from 2020 to 2022 based on engagement score, number of applicants, and growth in application numbers.

The Posterior Ligamentous Complex: Anatomic and Biomechanical Considerations in Injury Classification and Management.

The posterior ligamentous complex (PLC) provides critical structural support in the thoracolumbar spine. Its role in resisting progressive flexion is particularly important at the thoracolumbar junction due to the transition from the rigid thoracic spine to the more mobile lumbar region. Each component of the PLC contains anatomic features that contribute to both the structure and function of the PLC as a whole.

Surgical Management of Meniscus Tears: Update on Indications and Techniques for Repair.

Because of the crucial role of the menisci in maintaining cartilage and joint health, meniscal tears affect the long-term health of the knee. Although partial meniscectomy has a role in the treatment of complex degenerative tears and tears with low healing capacity, advances in the concepts and understanding of meniscal repair, along with improvements in repair techniques and instrumentation, have expanded the indications for meniscal repair. With appropriate patient selection and preoperative planning, repair of meniscal tears can lower the rate of degenerative changes when compared with meniscectomy.

Catheterizations Reduced Following a Protocol Change for Postoperative Urinary Retention Following Total Joint Arthroplasty With Spinal Anesthesia.

Introduction: Postoperative urinary retention (POUR) is a common concern after total joint arthroplasty (TJA). However, overdiagnosis of POUR by bladder scans may lead to unnecessary interventions and associated complications. The purpose of this study was to determine the viability of a selective bladder scanning protocol to reduce overdiagnosis of POUR following TJA.

Adherence to a healthy dietary pattern mitigates the detrimental associations between osteosarcopenic adiposity and both all-cause mortality and life expectancy: a cohort study.

: To determine the associations between osteosarcopenic adiposity (OSA) and both all-cause mortality and life expectancy, and to investigate whether adherence to a healthy diet can modify these associations. : Utilizing data obtained from 201 223 UK Biobank participants, we assessed body composition for OSA and a healthy diet score was used to assess dietary quality. : Compared to participants with no body composition abnormality, the adjusted HRs (95% CIs) of all-cause mortality for those with 1, 2, and 3 (OSA) abnormalities were 1.

Arthroscopically Assisted Reduction and Fixation of Acute Tillaux, Pilon, Bosworth, Talar, and Calcaneal Fractures: A Systematic Review.

Increased use of arthroscopically assisted techniques for the treatment of ankle fractures has been reported. Despite their rapid development, there is only one systematic review regarding arthroscopically assisted treatment of ankle fractures, in which, however, only malleolar fracture studies are included. Various other types of ankle fractures have also been treated with arthroscopically assisted procedures.

Role of Leucine-Rich Repeat-Containing G-Protein-Coupled Receptors 4-6 (LGR4-6) in the Ovary and Other Female Reproductive Organs: A Literature Review.

Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptors regulate stem cell activity and tissue homeostasis within female reproductive organs, primarily through their interaction with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. LGR4-6 are increasingly recognized for their roles in organ development, regeneration, and cancer. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the roles of LGR4-6 in female reproductive organs, highlighting their significance in normal physiology and disease states, specifically in the context of ovarian cancer.

Comparison of Bicortical Headless Cannulated Screw Fixations, Tension Band Fixations, and Kirschner Wire Fixations of a Jones Fracture: A Biomechanical Study.

Background: The aim of study was to biomechanically compare the fixation of Jones fracture using headless cannulated screw, tension band, and two Kirschner wires.

Methods: A total of 60 fourth-generation, fifth metatarsal synthetic bone models were divided into three groups according to the fixation techniques. A vertical load, oriented from plantar to dorsal and lateral to medial, was applied to the metatarsal specimen that were potted with molding material.

Incidence of Wounds Associated with Posterior Midline Incision for Achilles Tendon Pathology in a Large Cohort at a Tertiary Care Center.

Background: We sought to determine the wound complications associated with a straight midline incision overlying the Achilles tendon. Data on sex, age, body mass index (BMI), surgery performed, date of surgery, and wound development were collected.

Methods: We retrospectively collected data on 217 patients with a mean ± SD age of 46.

Finite element modeling of clavicle fracture fixations: a systematic scoping review.

Finite element analysis has become indispensable for biomechanical research on clavicle fractures. This review summarized evidence regarding configurations and applications of finite element analysis in clavicle fracture fixation. Seventeen articles involving 22 clavicles were synthesized from CINAHL, Embase, IEEE Xplore, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases.