Revaluation of 's role in esophageal carcinoma: A call for comprehensive research.

The study by López-Gómez , reports a significantly low prevalence (4.5%) of () infection in esophageal cancer patients, contrasting sharply with the general population's infection rate. This finding challenges the established negative association between and gastric malignancies, suggesting a potential protective role of against esophageal carcinoma, particularly in the context of widespread proton pump inhibitor use.

Population-Specific Predictors of Immunologic Reconstitution Following Initiation of Combined Antiretroviral Therapy in Children: A Retrospective Observational Study from a 15-Year Cohort of HIV-Positive Children and Adolescents in Eritrea.

Background: In the landscape of HIV treatment, combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) is a cornerstone in managing viral loads and boosting CD4+ T-cell counts. Nevertheless, disparities in treatment outcomes remain persistent, and a subset of children fail to achieve adequate immunologic reconstitution (IR). This study aims to investigate the demographic and clinical factors associated with inadequate IR in HIV-infected children in Eritrea.

Clinical profile and associated comorbidities of cerebral palsy in children visiting Orotta National Referral Hospital, Eritrea: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Cerebral Palsy (CP) is one of the most common physical disabilities in children. This study aimed to explore the clinical spectrum of CP at Orotta National Referral and Teaching Hospital, including CP subtypes, gross motor function, patterns of associated comorbidities, and possible risk factors in children aged 2 to 12 years.

Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April 2022 in 153 children with suspected motor symptoms.

Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Warfarin Monotherapy vs. Warfarin and Aspirin for Adult Patients With Left Ventricular Assist Devices: A Meta-Analysis.

The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the safety and efficacy of warfarin plus aspirin versus warfarin monotherapy in patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVAD). The present meta-analysis was conducted using the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Two authors systematically searched online databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from inception to December 31, 2023.

Comparison of Outcomes Between Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers in Patients With Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis.

Patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are usually treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB). The aim of this meta-analysis is to compare outcomes between ACEi and ARB in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). This meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines.

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Prolonged Infusion and Intermittent Infusion of Meropenem in Patients With Sepsis: A Meta-Analysis.

The aim of this study was to compare the clinical effectiveness of prolonged infusion and intermittent infusion of meropenem in patients with sepsis. This meta-analysis was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were searched without any language or time restrictions, up to September 25, 2023.

Millets: A Nutritional Powerhouse With Anti-cancer Potential.

Millets are important food crops widely grown by smallholder farmers in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Millets are rich in protein, dietary fiber, micronutrients, and have a low glycemic index (GI) and desirable bioactive compounds. Due to their higher nutritional content, millets are popularly known as "nutricereals".

Comparing the Effectiveness of Intravenous Tissue Plasminogen Activator and Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients With Minor Stroke: A Meta-Analysis.

The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes between dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) versus intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV t-PA) in patients with minor stroke. This meta-analysis follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines. Two authors independently conducted online database searches using PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE to identify articles published in English language from inception to September 5, 2023.

Prevalence and factors associated with pediatric HIV therapy failure in a tertiary hospital in Asmara, Eritrea: A 15-year retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Treatment failure (TF) in HIV infected children is a major concern in resource-constrained settings in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This study investigated the prevalence, incidence, and factors associated with first-line cART failure using the virologic (plasma viral load), immunologic and clinical criteria among HIV-infected children.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of children (<18 years of age on treatment for a period of > 6 months) enrolled in the pediatric HIV/AIDs treatment program at Orotta National Pediatric Referral Hospital from January 2005 to December 2020 was conducted.

Antihypertensive Medication Adherence and Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Patients Attending a National Referral Hospital in Asmara, Eritrea.

Background: Recent research suggests that poor adherence to antihypertensive medication (AHM) is a major problem in the management of hypertension. This study was therefore designed to evaluate the frequency of AHM and associated risk factors in patients attending a national referral hospital in Asmara, Eritrea.

Methods: A total of 335 respondents (females: 222 (66.

Unusual oral expulsion of adult Taenia worm through vomiting.

A 49-year-old woman with a history of abdominal discomfort and raw beef intake vomited a long adult Taenia after an episode of acute febrile illness. This case report describes that Taeniasis can rarely present with oral expulsion of the tapeworm. Acute physiologic stress due to illness or surgery could be implicated.

Chronic kidney disease entertained from Lindsay's nails: A case report and literature review.

The presence of Lindsay's nails in a patient with a risk factor for chronic kidney disease could be a valuable clue to an underlying long-standing renal impairment, particularly when serum creatinine level is not at hand.

Neonatal Hypernatremic Dehydration Associated with Lactation Failure.

Hypernatremic dehydration secondary to lactation failure remains a potentially life-threatening condition in countries where advanced laboratory investigations are scarce. An 11-day term baby with excessive weight loss (33.6%), reduced urine output, fever, jaundice, doughy skin, opisthotonus posturing, and tachycardia with poor perfusion was presented to our neonatal care.

Distribution of breast lesions diagnosed by cytology examination in symptomatic patients at Eritrean National Health Laboratory, Asmara, Eritrea: a retrospective study.

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology is a simple, relatively accurate, non-invasive, and cost-effective method of diagnosing most breast pathologies. To date, there is no sufficient data depicting the distribution of breast lesions detected by fine needle aspiration cytology in our healthcare setting. The aim of this study was to elucidate the general distribution of breast lesions diagnosed by cytology test at Eritrean National Health Laboratory.

Incidence of Cervical, Ovarian and Uterine Cancer in Eritrea: Data from the National Health Laboratory, 2011-2017.

The main objective of this study was to investigate the incidence of cervical (C53), ovarian (C56) and uterine (C54-55) cancers in pathology department of the National Health Laboratory of Eritrea between 2011 and 2017. All tumour positive cases from cervix, ovary and uterus diagnosed between 2011 and 2017 were analyzed, based on the data from the pathology department available in National Health Laboratory. We summarized the results by using crude incidence rates (CIR) and age-standardized rates (ASRs).

Incidence of prostate cancer in Eritrea: Data from the National Health Laboratory, Orotta Referral Hospital and Sembel Hospital 2011-2018.

Introduction: Up-to-date statistics on prostate cancer incidence and causative risk factors are essential for the primary prevention of this disease. However, the incidence of Prostate cancer (ICD-10 code C61) (PCa), or cancers in general, are poorly documented in Eritrea. This study analyses the data available to produce an estimate of the incidence of PCa in Eritrea.

Perception of undergraduates enrolled in health science courses from Asmara Eritrea towards Hepatitis B.

Introduction: Hepatitis B (HB) is one of the highly infectious and the most common cause of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is transmitted through blood and body fluids. Most healthcare related personnel are at very high susceptibility towards this infection from the infected patients.

Neonatal mortality and associated factors in the specialized neonatal care unit Asmara, Eritrea.

Background: Limited knowledge on the magnitude of neonatal mortality and associated factors is hampering early intervention in African countries.

Objective: To determine neonatal mortality and associated factors in the Specialized Neonatal Care Unit Asmara, Eritrea.

Methods: Medical records of all neonates admitted to the Specialized Neonatal Care Unit in 2016 were reviewed using a cross-sectional study.

Incidence of colorectal cancer in Eritrea: Data from the National Health Laboratory, 2011-2017.

Introduction: Recent studies have reported a significant increase in the prevalence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Further, several studies employing disparate modelling algorithms have projected a significant rise in the frequency of CRC cases in the region. However, lack of good quality data on multiple themes related to CRC including incidence, among others, continues to be a problem in the region.

Attitude towards Mental Illness among Secondary School Students in Asmara, Eritrea: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Secondary School students (SSs) are important members of the community; hence their attitude towards mental illness can be highly influential. Mentally ill individuals are not only suffering from the illness but also suffering from the stigmatizing attitude generated by the community. The objectives of this study were to determine attitude of SSs towards mental illness and its associated factors.

Comparison of Receptor-Defined Breast Cancer Subtypes Between German and Sudanese Women: A Facility-Based Cohort Study.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to compare tumor characteristics, biomarkers, and surrogate subtypes of breast cancer between Sudanese and German women.

Methods: Tumor characteristics and immunohistochemistry markers (estrogen receptor [ER], progesterone receptor [PR], and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2]) were collected from the routine assessment of consecutive patients with invasive breast cancer diagnosed from 2010 to 2015 (Gezira University Pathology Laboratory, Gezira, Sudan) and from 1999 to 2013 (Breast Centre, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany).

Results: A total of 2,492 patients (German [n = 1,932] and Sudanese [n = 560]) were included.

Immunohistochemistry defined subtypes of breast cancer in 678 Sudanese and Eritrean women; hospitals based case series.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy accounting for 25% of all cancers in females. In Africa, breast cancer prevalence and mortality are steadily increasing. Knowledge of hormone receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) expressions are vital for breast cancer management plans and decision making.

Prevalence and Pattern of Mandibular Third Molar Impaction in Eritrean Population: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction: The most commonly impacted tooth in the oral cavity is the mandibular third molar. Various etiologic factors have been suggested for impacted mandibular third molars. The pattern and prevalence of impacted mandibular third molars vary with different population and region.

Abstracts from the 3rd International Genomic Medicine Conference (3rd IGMC 2015) : Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 30 November - 3 December 2015.

O1 Regulation of genes by telomere length over long distances Jerry W. Shay O2 The microtubule destabilizer KIF2A regulates the postnatal establishment of neuronal circuits in addition to prenatal cell survival, cell migration, and axon elongation, and its loss leading to malformation of cortical development and severe epilepsy Noriko Homma, Ruyun Zhou, Muhammad Imran Naseer, Adeel G. Chaudhary, Mohammed Al-Qahtani, Nobutaka Hirokawa O3 Integration of metagenomics and metabolomics in gut microbiome research Maryam Goudarzi, Albert J.