Isolated microhematuria in potential kidney donors: evaluating kidney biopsy findings with dipstick urinalysis and urine microscopy results.

Background: Isolated microhematuria (IMH) can signal hidden glomerular disease, necessitating detailed evaluations for potential kidney donors, including kidney biopsies. The optimal strategy for deciding on kidney biopsies remains unclear. While the British Transplant Society supports dipstick analysis, KDIGO focuses solely on urine microscopy.

Chinese guidelines for minimally invasive donor hepatectomy in living donor liver transplantation (2024 edition).

Background: Minimally invasive surgeries are increasingly central to modern medicine, particularly in liver transplantation. These techniques, which offer reduced trauma, precise operations, minimal bleeding, and swift recovery, are, however, unevenly adopted across China. Only a limited number of centers routinely perform minimally invasive donor hepatectomies, indicating a significant imbalance in the development and application of these advanced procedures.

Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt for Budd-Chiari Syndrome: A Single-Centre Experience.

: Despite several challenges in clinical management, there has been significant progress in understanding the aetiology, natural history and outcomes of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) treatments. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) using covered stent in management of BCS. : We conducted a retrospective analysis of 70 BCS patients who underwent TIPS using covered stents between January 2010 and December 2022 at a single tertiary liver transplant centre.

Insulin Pump Use and Diabetic Ketoacidosis Risk in Type 1 Diabetes: Secular Trends over Four Decades.

Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) in type 1 diabetes has been regarded as a major diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) risk factor. We aimed to determine secular trends in risk since CSII implementation in the 1980s. We assessed the relationship between time-varying CSII use and DKA events from 1983 to 2017 and by each decade in the 1441 Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Study participants using crude and adjusted Cox proportional hazards models.

Large-scale genomic investigation of pediatric cholestasis reveals a novel hepatorenal ciliopathy caused by PSKH1 mutations.

Purpose: Pediatric cholestasis is the phenotypic expression of clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders of bile acid synthesis and flow. Although a growing number of monogenic causes of pediatric cholestasis have been identified, the majority of cases remain undiagnosed molecularly.

Methods: In a cohort of 299 pediatric participants (279 families) with intrahepatic cholestasis, we performed exome sequencing as a first-tier diagnostic test.

Prognostic Implications of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Adults on Long-term Mortality and Diabetes-Related Complications.

Objectives: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) occurring after diabetes diagnosis is often associated with risk factors for other diabetes-related complications. In this study, we aimed to determine the prognostic implications of DKA on all-cause mortality and complications in type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods: Previously collected data from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) study were obtained through the the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Central Repository.

Emerging role of exosomal microRNA in liver cancer in the era of precision medicine; potential and challenges.

Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) have great potential in the fight against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In this study, we explored the various applications of these small molecules while analyzing their complex roles in tumor development, metastasis, and changes in the tumor microenvironment. We also discussed the complex interactions that exist between exosomal miRNAs and other non-coding RNAs such as circular RNAs, and show how these interactions coordinate important biochemical pathways that propel the development of HCC.

Intravenous Immunoglobulins Alone for the Desensitization of Lung Transplant Recipients with Preformed Donor Specific Antibodies and Negative Flow Cytometry Crossmatch.

Background: The lack of evidence regarding optimal desensitization strategies for lung transplant candidates with preformed donor specific anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies (DSAs) has led to varying approaches among centers towards this patient group. Our institution's desensitization protocol for recipients with preformed DSAs and negative flow cytometry crossmatch (FCXM) consists of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) as the sole therapy. The study aimed to determine outcomes using this approach.

Clinical outcomes after liver transplant in people with cystic fibrosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Data on the impact of liver transplantation (LT) in cystic fibrosis (CF) on lung function and exacerbations are limited. The objective of this study was to summarize the literature on lung function, nutritional status, survival, and complications following LT in people with CF.

Methods: Three databases were searched until September 2023, to identify the impact of LT in CF.

Nivolumab as Second-Line Therapy Improves Survival in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: Limited data exists for the efficacy and outcomes of nivolumab as a second-line treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of nivolumab in patients with uHCC who experienced disease progression during sorafenib treatment.

Methods: In this retrospective, observational, multicenter study, adult Child-Turcotte-Pugh A/7B patients with uHCC who tolerated sorafenib therapy but showed disease progression switched to second-line intravenous nivolumab ( = 42).

Temporal analysis of prevalence and antibiotic-resistance patterns in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia clinical isolates in a 19-year retrospective study.

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a nonfermenting gram-negative bacterium associated with multiple nosocomial outbreaks. Antibiotic resistance increases healthcare costs, disease severity, and mortality. Multidrug-resistant infections (such as S.

The influence of socioeconomic inequity and guidelines compliance on clinical outcomes of patients with acute biliary pancreatitis. An international multicentric cohort study.

Background: There is lack of data on the association between socioeconomic factors, guidelines compliance and clinical outcomes among patients with acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP).

Methods: Post-hoc analysis of the international MANCTRA-1 registry evaluating the impact of regional disparities as indicated by the Human Development Index (HDI), and guideline compliance on ABP clinical outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression models were employed to identify prognostic factors associated with mortality and readmission.

Biosensing of Alpha-Fetoprotein: A Key Direction toward the Early Detection and Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is currently one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Associated risk factors include, but are not limited to, cirrhosis and underlying liver diseases, including chronic hepatitis B or C infections, excessive alcohol consumption, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and exposure to chemical carcinogens. It is crucial to detect this disease early on before it metastasizes to adjoining parts of the body, worsening the prognosis.

Rapid Colorimetric Quantita2tive Portable Platform for Detection of Based on a Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Assay and Nanomagnetic Particles.

Brucellosis is a bacterial zoonotic disease that requires major attention for both health and financial facilities in many parts of the world including the Mediterranean and the Middle East. The existing gold standard diagnosis relies on the culturing technique, which is costly and time-consuming with a duration of up to 45 days. The protease biosensor represents a new detection approach that will lead to low-cost point-of-care devices for sensitive detection.

Silver sulphide nanoparticles (AgSNPs) synthesized using Phyllanthus emblica fruit extract for enhanced antibacterial and antioxidant properties.

In this study, silver sulfide nanoparticles (AgSNP's) were successfully produced by using fruit extracts of Phyllanthus emblica. UV-vis, FTIR, XRD with SEM and EDX techniques were used for the synthesis process and for characterization of the resulting nanostructures. According to the findings, the fabricated nanostructure had a monoclinic crystal structure, measuring 44 nm in grain size, and its strain was 1.

The Predictors and Risk Factors of 2-Year Rejection in Renal Transplant Patients: A Multicenter Case-Control Study.

Introduction: Kidney transplantation is a definitive treatment for end-stage renal disease. It is associated with improved life expectancy and quality of life. One of the most common complications following kidney transplantation is graft rejection.

Bioengineered Organoids Offer New Possibilities for Liver Cancer Studies: A Review of Key Milestones and Challenges.

Hepatic cancer is widely regarded as the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite recent advances in treatment options, the prognosis of liver cancer remains poor. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop more representative in vitro models of liver cancer for pathophysiology and drug screening studies.

Outcome of pregnant women admitted to critical care unit with confirmed severe COVID-19: A center experience.

Objectives: To explore the traits and risk factors of pregnant women admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) with COVID-19. Moreover, the study classifies outcomes based on differing levels of required respiratory support during their intensive care stay.

Methods: This retrospective and descriptive study included all pregnant women with COVID-19 admitted to the adult critical care unit at a specialized tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Mapping the landscape of medical research in the Arab world countries: A comprehensive bibliometric analysis.

Objectives: To describe the productivity, performance, and impact of medical research in the Arab world countries.

Methods: We carried out a bibliometric analysis using Clarivate Analytics databases from January 2017 to March 2023. We reported research productivity, national and international research collaboration patterns, impact of Arab medical research output compared to the global average, top medical journals publishing Arab-affiliated research, and performance of the most productive Arab institutions.

Pretransplant use of immune checkpoint inhibitors for hepatocellular carcinoma: A multicenter, retrospective cohort study.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as a downstaging or bridging therapy for liver transplantation (LT) in hepatocellular carcinoma patients are rapidly increasing. However, the evidence about the feasibility and safety of pre-LT ICI therapy is limited and controversial. To this end, a multicenter, retrospective cohort study was conducted in 11 Chinese centers.